Grammar Analysis: Daniel 8:14¶
Text¶
Hebrew: וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י עַ֚ד עֶ֣רֶב בֹּ֔קֶר אַלְפַּ֖יִם וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֑ות וְנִצְדַּ֖ק קֹֽדֶשׁ KJV: And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.
Word-by-Word Parsing¶
| # | Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | ו | Conj | and |
| 2 | יֹּאמֶר | אמר | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | and he said |
| 3 | אֵלַי | אל | Prep.+1cs | to me |
| 4 | עַד | עד | Prep | unto |
| 5 | עֶרֶב | ערב | Noun.ms.Abs | evening |
| 6 | בֹּקֶר | בקר | Noun.ms.Abs | morning |
| 7 | אַלְפַּיִם | אלף | Noun.dual.Abs | two thousand |
| 8 | וּ | ו | Conj | and |
| 9 | שְׁלֹשׁ | שׁלשׁ | Noun.s.Cst | three |
| 10 | מֵאוֹת | מאה | Noun.fp.Abs | hundred |
| 11 | וְ | ו | Conj | and |
| 12 | נִצְדַּק | צדק | Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms | be just/vindicated |
| 13 | קֹדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | holiness/holy place |
Clause Structure¶
| Clause | Type | Domain | Function | Text |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Way0 (wayyiqtol narrative) | N (narration) | Introduction | וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי — "And he said to me" |
| 2 | Ellp (elliptical) | Q (quotation) | Time phrase | עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְפַּיִם וּשְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת — "Unto evening morning 2,300" |
| 3 | WQtX (weqatal-X) | Q (quotation) | Main prediction | וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ — "and [the] holy place shall be vindicated" |
Construct Chain¶
- שְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת — "three of hundreds" (= 300) — construct + absolute
Key Grammatical Features¶
1. וְנִצְדַּק — Niphal Perfect 3ms of צדק¶
- Stem: Niphal (passive) — the subject receives the action
- Tense: Perfect with waw (וְ) in prophetic context = future certainty (prophetic perfect)
- Significance: The sanctuary is the RECIPIENT of vindication — passive voice. This is the ONLY Niphal occurrence of צדק in the entire OT.
- KJV translates as "cleansed" but the Hebrew root צדק means "to be righteous/just/vindicated" — not ritual cleansing. The ritual cleansing word would be טָהֵר (taher, H2891).
- Word study: H6663-tsadaq.md
2. קֹדֶשׁ — Noun.ms.Abs (subject of passive verb)¶
- As subject of Niphal verb: The holy place is what receives vindication
- Without article: Lacks the definite article (הַ) yet functions as definite from context — the sanctuary already under discussion in Dan 8:11-13
3. עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר — Asyndetic noun pair¶
- Asyndeton (no conjunction between "evening" and "morning") suggests a compound time unit, not two separate things
- The pair functions as a single measurement: "evening-morning" = one unit
4. Clause 2 is Elliptical¶
- No explicit verb — the entire time phrase "unto evening-morning 2,300" serves as the temporal framework
- Clause 3 (WQtX) provides the main predication: what happens AFTER the 2,300
Cross-References¶
- Word study: H6663 tsadaq
- Grammar library: No concept entries yet
Generated from: hebrew_parser.py (--verse, --clause, --construct), KJV text Last updated: 2026-03-31