G3811 — παιδεύω (paideuo)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G3811
Original: παιδεύω
Transliteration: paideuo
Pronunciation: pahee-dyoo'-o
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: παῖς (pais, G3816) — a child; related to παιδεία (paideia, G3809) — discipline/training
Occurrences: 13 unique verses (15 tokens) across 9 books
First Occurrence: Luke 23:16 — "I will therefore chastise him, and release him."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From G3816 (pais); to train up a child, i.e. educate, or (by implication) discipline (by punishment).

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain 36.002: Discipline, Train — with γυμνάζω (G1128) and παιδεία (G3809)
Domain 38.001: Punish — with βασανίζω (G928), κολάζω (G2849), κόλασις (G2851), ζημιόω (G2210)
Domain 33.017: Teach — with διδάσκω (G1321), διδάσκαλος (G1320), διδαχή (G1322)

Domain Neighbors (036.002 — Discipline, Train)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Total Verses	Primary KJV Translation(s)
G1128	γυμνάζω	4	exercised, exercise
G3809	παιδεία	4	chastening, chastisement

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
chastise / chastised	2	15%
chastened	2	15%
chasten	1	8%
chasteneth	1	8%
he chasteneth	1	8%
taught / was learned	2	15%
Teaching	1	8%
instructing	1	8%
they may learn	1	8%
we are chastened	1	8%

"Chasten/chastise" family accounts for ~54% of uses; "teach/instruct/learn" family accounts for ~38%.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Hebrews	3	1.0
Luke	2	0.2
Acts	2	0.2
Titus	1	2.2
2 Timothy	1	1.2
1 Timothy	1	0.9
1 Corinthians	1	0.2
2 Corinthians	1	0.4
Revelation	1	0.2

Highest density in Titus and 2 Timothy (Pastoral Epistles). Hebrews has the most occurrences (3) — all concentrated in ch. 12 father-son discipline passage. Entirely NT word in biblical Greek.

Greek Morphological Distribution¶

Form	Count	Typical Context
Present Active	5	God/father's ongoing discipline (Heb 12:6–7, Rev 3:19, Tit 2:12, 2 Tim 2:25)
Aorist Active	2	Completed disciplinary action — Pilate's proposed chastisement (Luk 23:16, 22)
Present Passive	2	Believers receiving discipline (1 Cor 11:32, 2 Cor 6:9)
Aorist Passive	2	Past education/corrective discipline (Acts 7:22, 1 Tim 1:20)
Perfect Passive	1	Completed educational formation (Acts 22:3)
Imperfect Active	1	Past habitual parental chastening (Heb 12:10)

Active voice predominates (8/13 = 62%), typically with God or an authority figure as subject. Passive voice (5/13 = 38%) denotes the one being trained or disciplined.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Divine Fatherly Discipline¶

Heb 12:6 — "For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth."
Heb 12:7 — "If ye endure chastening, God dealeth with you as with sons; for what son is he whom the father chasteneth not?"
Heb 12:10 — "For they verily for a few days chastened us after their own pleasure; but he for our profit, that we might be partakers of his holiness."
Rev 3:19 — "As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten: be zealous therefore, and repent."

2. Corrective Discipline (Punitive)¶

1 Cor 11:32 — "But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world."
1 Tim 1:20 — "Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme."
Luk 23:16 — "I will therefore chastise him, and release him." (Pilate's proposed physical punishment)
Luk 23:22 — "I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let him go."

3. Education and Formative Training¶

Acts 7:22 — "And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds."
Acts 22:3 — "I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers."

4. Moral/Spiritual Instruction¶

Tit 2:12 — "Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world."
2 Tim 2:25 — "In meekness instructing those that oppose themselves; if God peradventure will give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth."

5. Suffering as Discipline¶

2 Cor 6:9 — "As unknown, and yet well known; as dying, and, behold, we live; as chastened, and not killed."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
θεός (theos)	G2316	3x (23%)	God as the one who disciplines
πᾶς (pas)	G3956	3x (23%)	"every son" receiving discipline
ἀπολύω (apolyo)	G630	2x (15%)	Pilate: "chastise and release"
ζάω (zao)	G2198	2x (15%)	Discipline leading to life — "live soberly" / "we live"
κύριος (kyrios)	G2962	2x (15%)	"chastened of the Lord"
υἱός (huios)	G5207	2x (15%)	Father-son discipline metaphor (Heb 12)

Synonyms¶

διδάσκω (didasko) G1321 — to teach (cognitive instruction; paideuo adds the element of formative discipline)
ἐλέγχω (elegcho) G1651 — to convict, reprove, rebuke (verbal correction; paideuo includes action beyond words)
γυμνάζω (gymnazo) G1128 — to exercise, train (physical/athletic metaphor; paideuo is broader — moral and intellectual)
νουθετέω (noutheteo) G3560 — to admonish, warn (mild verbal correction; paideuo can include punishment)

Word Family / Cognates¶

G3816 παῖς (pais) — child, servant (root word)
G3809 παιδεία (paideia) — discipline, training, chastening (noun cognate; Heb 12:5, 7, 8, 11; Eph 6:4; 2 Tim 3:16)
G3810 παιδευτής (paideutes) — instructor, corrector (Heb 12:9, Rom 2:20)
G3813 παιδίον (paidion) — little child, young child
G3808 παιδάριον (paidarion) — lad, boy

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
μαστιγόω (mastigoo)	G3146	scourge, punish	mastigoo = physical flogging only; paideuo = broader formative discipline
κολάζω (kolazo)	G2849	punish	kolazo = retributive punishment; paideuo = corrective/restorative intent
διδάσκω (didasko)	G1321	teach, instruct	didasko = cognitive instruction only; paideuo includes disciplinary training

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score	Notes
יָסַר (yasar)	H3256	33	8.72	Primary equivalent — "to chastise, discipline"; dominant LXX bridge
יָכַח (yakach)	H3198	7	5.94	"to prove, reprove, rebuke"
עַקְרָב (aqrab)	H6137	4	8.30	"scorpion" — instrument of chastisement (1 Ki 12:11, 14)
שׁוֹט (showt)	H7752	4	7.42	"scourge, whip" — instrument of discipline
לָמַד (lamad)	H3925	3	4.20	"to learn, teach" — educational sense

The dominant Hebrew source is H3256 yasar (33 co-occurrences, PMI 8.72), establishing a strong LXX bridge. Yasar covers both physical correction and moral training in the OT, mirroring paideuo's dual range in the NT.

Semantic Domains¶

[033] Communication — teaching/instruction function
[036] Guide, Discipline, Follow — formative training and behavioral shaping
[038] Punish, Reward — corrective/punitive function