G5312 — ὑψόω (hupsoo)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G5312
Original: ὑψόω
Transliteration: hupsoo
Pronunciation: hoop-so'-o
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: ὕψος (hypsos, G5311) — height, the highest
Occurrences: 20 tokens in 16 unique verses across 7 books
First Occurrence: Matt 11:23 — "And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From G5311 (hypsos); to elevate (literally or figuratively): — exalt, lift up.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain 81.002: High, Low, Deep — to raise up, to lift up
Domain 87.003: High Status or Rank — to give high position to
Glosses: to raise up | to lift up | to give high position to
Other words in 81.002: βάθος (bathos, G899), βαθύνω (bathyno, G900), βαθύς (bathys, G901), ἡλικία (helikia, G2244), ταπεινόω (tapeinoo, G5013), ὑψηλός (hypselos, G5308), ὕψος (hypsos, G5311)

Domain Neighbors (81.002 — High, Low, Deep)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Total Verses	Primary KJV Translation(s)
G899	βάθος	6	depth, deep
G900	βαθύνω	1	deep
G901	βαθύς	3	deep, very early
G2244	ἡλικία	6	stature, of age
G5013	ταπεινόω	7	shall be abased, humble yourselves
G5308	ὑψηλός	9	an high, high
G5311	ὕψος	6	on high, height

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
exalted	4	25.0%
shall be exalted	3	18.8%
art exalted	2	12.5%
be lifted up	2	12.5%
exalteth	2	12.5%
lifted up / I be lifted up / ye have lifted up	3	18.8%

Summary: "exalt" family = 11v (69%); "lift up" family = 5v (31%).

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
1 Peter	1	1.0
James	1	0.9
John	4	0.5
2 Corinthians	1	0.4
Luke	4	0.3
Acts	3	0.3
Matthew	2	0.2

Concentration is highest in John and Luke. John uses hypsoo exclusively for the "lifting up" of the Son of man. The Synoptics and Epistles use it for status reversal (exalting the humble). Acts applies it to God's exaltation of Christ and Israel.

Greek Voice Distribution¶

Voice	Count	%	Notes
Active	10	50%	God or self as agent of exalting
Passive	10	50%	Subject is exalted/lifted by another

Active forms: Aorist Active Indicative (4x), Future Active Indicative (2x), Present Active Participle (2x), Aorist Active Subjunctive (2x). Passive forms: Future Passive Indicative (5x), Aorist Passive Infinitive (2x), Aorist Passive Subjunctive (2x), Aorist Passive Participle (1x).

The passive divine passive ("shall be exalted") dominates the humility-exaltation sayings. The active forms occur when God is the explicit agent (Acts 2:33; 5:31; 13:17) or when the subject exalts himself (Luke 14:11; 18:14).

Semantic Categories¶

1. Humility-Exaltation Reversal¶

The dominant pattern: whoever humbles himself will be exalted; whoever exalts himself will be abased. Always paired with ταπεινόω (tapeinoo, G5013). - Matt 23:12 — "And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted." - Luke 14:11 — "For whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted." - Luke 18:14 — "every one that exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted." - James 4:10 — "Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he shall lift you up." - 1 Pet 5:6 — "Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time."

2. The "Lifting Up" of the Son of Man (Johannine)¶

Unique to John's Gospel. Carries a double meaning: physical lifting on the cross and glorification/exaltation. All four Johannine uses refer to Jesus. - John 3:14 — "And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up" - John 8:28 — "When ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he" - John 12:32 — "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me." - John 12:34 — "how sayest thou, The Son of man must be lifted up?"

3. God Exalting Christ (Post-Resurrection)¶

God as the active agent, exalting Jesus to his right hand after the resurrection/ascension. - Acts 2:33 — "Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost" - Acts 5:31 — "Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour"

4. God Exalting or Abasing Cities/Nations¶

Spatial/status metaphor applied to corporate entities. - Matt 11:23 — "And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell" - Luke 10:15 — "And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted to heaven, shalt be thrust down to hell." - Acts 13:17 — "The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt"

5. Apostolic Self-Abasement for Others' Exaltation¶

2 Cor 11:7 — "Have I committed an offence in abasing myself that ye might be exalted, because I have preached to you the gospel of God freely?"
Luke 1:52 — "He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
ταπεινόω (tapeinoo)	G5013	6x (38%)	Direct antithetical pairing: "exalt/humble" reversal
θεός (theos)	G2316	5x (31%)	God as agent of exaltation
ἄνθρωπος (anthropos)	G444	3x (19%)	"Son of man" being lifted up
πατήρ (pater)	G3962	3x (19%)	The Father as the one who exalts
υἱός (huios)	G5207	3x (19%)	"Son of man" as object of lifting
ᾅδης (hades)	G86	2x (12%)	Contrast: exalted to heaven / thrust down to hades
οὐρανός (ouranos)	G3772	2x (12%)	"Exalted unto heaven" — spatial hyperbole
δεξιός (dexios)	G1188	2x (12%)	"Right hand of God" — post-resurrection exaltation
καταβιβάζω (katabibazo)	G2601	2x (12%)	Antonym: "brought down" paired with "exalted"

Word Family / Cognates¶

G5311 ὕψος (hypsos) — height, the highest (noun; 6 verses)
G5308 ὑψηλός (hypselos) — high, lofty (adjective; 9 verses)
G5310 ὕψιστος (hypsistos) — highest, most high (superlative; 10 verses)
G5309 ὑψηλοφρονέω (hypselophroneo) — to be highminded (compound; 2 verses)
G5313 ὕψωμα (hypsoma) — height, high thing (noun; 2 verses)

Synonyms¶

G3170 μεγαλύνω (megalyno) — to magnify, make great (8 verses)
G1392 δοξάζω (doxazo) — to glorify, honor (62 verses)
G1867 ἐπαινέω (epaineo) — to praise, commend (6 verses)
G134 αἰνέω (aineo) — to praise (9 verses)

Antonyms¶

G5013 ταπεινόω (tapeinoo) — to humble, abase (7 verses) — the direct lexical opposite, co-occurring in 38% of hypsoo verses
G2601 καταβιβάζω (katabibazo) — to bring/thrust down (2 verses)
G3398 μικρός (mikros) — small, little (30 verses)

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
רוּם (ruwm)	H7311	"exalted," "be lifted up," "exalteth"	Hebrew root behind hypsoo in LXX; ruwm covers physical height + status; hypsoo carries the same dual sense in Greek
שָׂגַב (sagab)	H7682	"exalted," "exalteth"	sagab = inaccessibly high, out of reach (fortress imagery); hypsoo = raised up in status or position
ὑπεραίρομαι (hyperairomai)	G5229	"exalteth"	hyperairomai = exalt oneself excessively, arrogant self-elevation (always negative); hypsoo = neutral, context determines positive or negative

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score
רוּם (ruwm)	H7311	86	27.30
גָּבַהּ (gabahh)	H1361	22	20.75
גָּדַל (gadal)	H1431	16	12.49
קֶרֶן (qeren)	H7161	11	11.64
שָׂגַב (sagab)	H7682	5	9.32
נָשָׂא (nasa)	H5375	18	6.32

Primary Hebrew equivalent: רוּם (ruwm, H7311) with 86 co-occurrences — the dominant LXX bridge. The LXX translators overwhelmingly chose hypsoo to render ruwm.