G1346 — δικαίως (dikaiōs)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G1346
Original: δικαίως
Transliteration: dikaiōs
Pronunciation: dik-ah'-yoce
Part of Speech: Adverb
Root: From δίκαιος (dikaios, G1342) — righteous, just
Occurrences: 5 in NT
First Occurrence: Luk 23:41 — "And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

Adverb from G1342 (dikaios); equitably: — justly, (to) righteously(-ness).

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 88.002 — Just, Righteous
Parent Domain: 88 — Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior
Other words in subdomain: ἀδικέω (G91), ἀδίκημα (G92), ἀδικία (G93), ἄδικος (G94), ἀδίκως (G95), δίκαιος (G1342), δικαιοσύνη (G1343), δικαιόω (G1344), δικαίωμα (G1345), ἔνδικος (G1738)

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
justly	2	40%
righteously	2	40%
to righteousness	1	20%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Titus	1	2.2
1 Thessalonians	1	1.1
1 Peter	1	1.0
1 Corinthians	1	0.2
Luke	1	0.1

All five occurrences are spread across five different books. Four are in Pauline/Petrine epistles; one is in Luke's Gospel. No concentration in any single book.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Righteous Conduct / Manner of Life¶

Describes the ethical quality of ongoing behavior — how believers are to live. - 1 Thess 2:10 — "Ye are witnesses, and God also, how holily and justly and unblameably we behaved ourselves among you that believe" - Tit 2:12 — "Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world"

2. Just Penalty / Deserved Consequence¶

Acknowledges that a punishment or outcome is in accordance with what is right. - Luk 23:41 — "And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss."

3. Righteous Judgment¶

Describes the character of God's judicial action — He judges according to what is right. - 1 Pet 2:23 — "Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again; when he suffered, he threatened not; but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously"

4. Moral Awakening¶

Used in an exhortation to return to right living. - 1 Cor 15:34 — "Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
θεός (theos)	G2316	2x	God as witness or judge of righteous conduct
εὐσεβῶς (eusebōs)	G2153	1x	Adverb triad: "soberly, righteously, and godly" (Tit 2:12)
ἀμέμπτως (amemptōs)	G274	1x	Adverb triad: "holily, justly, unblameably" (1 Thess 2:10)
ζάω (zaō)	G2198	1x	"live righteously" — manner of life (Tit 2:12)
ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō)	G264	1x	"Awake to righteousness and sin not" — antithetical pairing (1 Cor 15:34)
ἀσέβεια (asebeia)	G763	1x	"denying ungodliness ... live righteously" — antithetical context (Tit 2:12)

Note: With only 5 total verses, no collocation rises above 2x. The word frequently appears in adverb clusters (paired with other -ōs adverbs describing ethical behavior).

Word Family / Cognates¶

G1349 δίκη (dikē) — root noun: right, justice, penalty
G1342 δίκαιος (dikaios) — adjective: righteous, just (parent word)
G1343 δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) — noun: righteousness
G1344 δικαιόω (dikaioō) — verb: to justify, declare righteous
G1345 δικαίωμα (dikaiōma) — noun: ordinance, righteous act
G1347 δικαίωσις (dikaiōsis) — noun: justification, acquittal
G1341 δικαιοκρισία (dikaiokrisia) — noun: righteous judgment

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat)	H4941	"justly"	mishpat = judicial verdict/decision; dikaiōs = adverb of manner describing righteous conduct
צֶדֶק (tsedeq)	H6664	"righteously"	tsedeq = OT noun for rightness/justice; dikaiōs = NT adverb modifying action
מֵישָׁר (meyshar)	H4339	"righteously"	meyshar = evenness, equity, uprightness (from yashar "straight"); dikaiōs = from the dik- justice root
צְדָקָה (tsedaqah)	H6666	"righteously"	tsedaqah = abstract righteousness (noun); dikaiōs = adverb of manner

Antonym¶

G95 ἀδίκως (adikōs) — wrongfully, unjustly (alpha-privative negation of dikaiōs; 1 occurrence: 1 Pet 2:19)

Domain Neighbors (Louw-Nida 88.002)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Total Verses	Primary KJV Translation
G91	ἀδικέω	8	hurt, wrong
G92	ἀδίκημα	3	evil doing, iniquities
G93	ἀδικία	19	unrighteousness
G94	ἄδικος	9	unjust, unrighteous
G95	ἀδίκως	1	wrongfully
G1342	δίκαιος	43	righteous, just
G1343	δικαιοσύνη	77	righteousness
G1344	δικαιόω	17	justified
G1345	δικαίωμα	7	ordinances, righteousness
G1738	ἔνδικος	2	just

Hebrew Source¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score
צֶדֶק (tsedeq)	H6664	3	9.64

The primary Hebrew source through the LXX is tsedeq (H6664), the standard OT noun for rightness/justice. The co-occurrence count (3) is too low for a standalone cross-testament trace.