G4537 — σαλπίζω (salpízō)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G4537
Original: σαλπίζω
Transliteration: salpízō
Pronunciation: sal-pid'-zo
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: σάλπιγξ (sálpinx, G4536) — trumpet
Occurrences: 12 unique verses (13 tokens)
Books: 3 (Matthew, 1 Corinthians, Revelation)
First Occurrence: Mat 6:2 — "do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From G4536 (σάλπιγξ); to trumpet, i.e. sound a blast (literally or figuratively). — Strong's G4537

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 006012 — Musical Instruments
Broader domain: 006 — Artifacts
Other words in domain: αὐλέω (G832), αὐλητής (G834), αὐλός (G836), ἠχέω (G2278), κιθάρα (G2788), κιθαρίζω (G2789), κιθαρῳδός (G2790), κύμβαλον (G2950), σάλπιγξ (G4536), σαλπιστής (G4538)

UBS Semantic Domains¶

[006] Artifacts

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
sounded	7	58.3%
to sound	2	16.7%
sound a trumpet	1	8.3%
sound	1	8.3%
the trumpet shall sound	1	8.3%

Note: The percentages exceed 100% because one verse (Mat 6:2) is counted under "sound a trumpet" and the KJV phrasing is split across multiple rendering forms.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Book Verses	Per 100
Revelation	10	404	2.5
1 Corinthians	1	437	0.2
Matthew	1	1071	0.1

Nearly the entire usage (83%) is concentrated in Revelation 8–11 (the seven trumpets). The word is overwhelmingly apocalyptic in the NT.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Hypocritical Public Display (figurative)¶

The one figurative use — Jesus forbids announcing one's almsgiving with fanfare. - Mat 6:2 — "Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men"

2. Eschatological Resurrection Signal¶

The trumpeting of the last day, raising the dead. - 1 Cor 15:52 — "In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed"

3. Apocalyptic Angelic Judgment Trumpets (Revelation 8–11)¶

Seven angels sequentially sound trumpets, each unleashing a wave of cosmic judgment. - Rev 8:6 — "The seven angels which had the seven trumpets prepared themselves to sound" - Rev 8:7 — "The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood" - Rev 9:1 — "The fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth" - Rev 10:7 — "in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished" - Rev 11:15 — "And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
μέγας (great/loud)	G3173	4x (33%)	"a great/loud voice" in heaven after sounding
τρίτος (third)	G5154	4x (33%)	"the third part" of earth/sea/stars destroyed
φωνή (voice)	G5456	4x (33%)	"great voices in heaven" follow the trumpet
ἀστήρ (star)	G792	3x (25%)	stars fall when trumpets sound (Rev 8:10, 9:1)
σάλπιγξ (trumpet)	G4536	3x (25%)	noun co-occurs with its own verb

Word Family / Cognates¶

G4536 σάλπιγξ (sálpinx) — trumpet (feminine noun); the instrument itself
G4538 σαλπιστής (salpistḗs) — trumpeter (masculine noun); the person who sounds it

Synonyms¶

G2950 κύμβαλον — listed by search_relationships.py

Antonyms¶

No direct antonyms surfaced by search_relationships.py.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared KJV Translation	Key Difference
χάτσαρ (châtsar)	H2690	"sounded"	châtsar is specifically the priestly act of blowing silver trumpets (Num 10); salpízō is broader
γίνομαι (gínomai)	G1096	"sounded" (contextual)	gínomai means "to become/happen" — shares a gloss only in loose translation

Hebrew Source¶

Hebrew	Transliteration	Co-occ	PMI Score	Definition
H8628 תָּקַע	tâqaʻ	37	30.03	to clatter, thrust; blow/sound the trumpet/shofar
H7782 שׁוֹפָר	shôwphâr	28	26.37	shofar — the ram's horn trumpet
H2689 חֲצֹצְרָה	chătsôtsᵉrâh	10	18.09	silver priestly trumpet (Num 10)
H2690 חָצַר	châtsar	6	17.47	to blow the priestly/silver trumpet
H7321 רוּעַ	rûwaʻ	7	13.51	to shout, alarm, battle-cry; blow with a blast

The two strongest Hebrew sources represent two distinct instruments:
- H8628 / H7782 — blowing the shofar (ram's horn), used for assembly, war, and religious events
- H2689 / H2690 — blowing the chatsotsrah (silver trumpet), the priestly instrument (Num 10)

The DB's Outline of Biblical Usage cites Numbers 10 as the OT backdrop, where God commands Moses to make two silver trumpets for "calling the assembly and journeying of the camps."