H1964 — הֵיכָל (heykal)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H1964
Original: הֵיכָל
Transliteration: hêykâl / heykal
Pronunciation: hay-kawl
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Root: Not populated in the tool output; lexicon notes it is probably from a root "in the sense of capacity."
Occurrences: 76 unique verses in the OT (92 tokens in KJV DB)
First Occurrence: 1 Samuel 1:9 — "Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

; probably from (in the sense of capacity); a large public building, such as a palace or temple:—palace, temple.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
the temple	18	23.7%
of the temple	15	19.7%
temple	11	14.5%
in the temple	8	10.5%
in	5	6.6%
palaces	3	3.9%
in his temple	2	2.6%
in the palace	2	2.6%
of his temple	2	2.6%
out of his temple	2	2.6%
palace	2	2.6%
Other single-verse renderings	20	26.3%

The KJV distribution is dominated by temple-language, but palace-language remains a real secondary sense rather than a separate homonym. Translation rows are reported from the KJV DB by rendering/token and can exceed the 76 unique-verse count.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Haggai	2	5.3
Jonah	2	4.2
Zechariah	5	2.4
Nahum	1	2.1
Habakkuk	1	1.8
Malachi	1	1.8
Joel	1	1.4
Ezra	3	1.1
2 Chronicles	8	1.0
Micah	1	1.0
1 Kings	7	0.9
Ezekiel	9	0.7
Amos	1	0.7
2 Kings	4	0.6
Nehemiah	2	0.5
Psalms	13	0.5
Hosea	1	0.5
Isaiah	5	0.4
Jeremiah	4	0.3
Daniel	1	0.3
1 Samuel	2	0.2
2 Samuel	1	0.1
Proverbs	1	0.1

The densest books are short prophetic books with temple-oracle contexts, while the largest raw clusters occur in Psalms, Ezekiel, 2 Chronicles, and 1 Kings.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Temple Building / Main Hall¶

The physical sanctuary structure, often the nave or main temple building in relation to porch, doors, pillars, or inner rooms. - 1 Samuel 3:3 — "in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was" - 1 Kings 6:17 — "the house, that is, the temple before it, was forty cubits long" - 1 Kings 7:21 — "he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple" - Ezekiel 41:23 — "the temple and the sanctuary had two doors"

2. Temple Foundation, Building, and Restoration¶

Use in post-destruction or restoration contexts where the sanctuary is being founded, built, or anticipated. - Ezra 3:10 — "when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD" - Haggai 2:18 — "from the day that the foundation of the LORD'S temple was laid" - Zechariah 6:12 — "he shall build the temple of the LORD" - Zechariah 6:13 — "Even he shall build the temple of the LORD"

3. Divine Dwelling / Holy Temple¶

The temple as the place from which YHWH hears, reigns, appears, or is approached in prayer. - 2 Samuel 22:7 — "he did hear my voice out of his temple" - Psalm 11:4 — "The LORD is in his holy temple, the LORD'S throne is in heaven" - Jonah 2:7 — "my prayer came in unto thee, into thine holy temple" - Habakkuk 2:20 — "the LORD is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him"

4. Temple Defilement, Plunder, and Misplaced Confidence¶

Contexts where the sanctuary is polluted, emptied, destroyed, or falsely treated as a guarantee of safety. - 2 Kings 23:4 — "bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal" - 2 Chronicles 29:16 — priests "brought out all the uncleanness that they found in the temple of the LORD" - Psalm 79:1 — "thy holy temple have they defiled; they have laid Jerusalem on heaps" - Jeremiah 7:4 — "The temple of the LORD, The temple of the LORD, The temple of the LORD"

5. Royal Palace / Secular Great House¶

The non-cultic sense: a large royal or elite building, usually rendered "palace(s)." - Psalm 45:15 — "they shall enter into the king's palace" - Proverbs 30:28 — "The spider taketh hold with her hands, and is in kings' palaces" - Isaiah 13:22 — "dragons in their pleasant palaces" - Daniel 1:4 — youths with ability "to stand in the king's palace"

6. Pagan Temples / Foreign Sacred Buildings¶

The same architectural term can describe temples belonging to nations or false worship. - 2 Chronicles 36:7 — Nebuchadnezzar put temple vessels "in his temple at Babylon" - Hosea 8:14 — "Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and buildeth temples" - Joel 3:5 — "carried into your temples my goodly pleasant things"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
יְהֹוָה (YHWH)	H3068	33x	"temple of the LORD"; YHWH as owner/dweller
בּוֹא (bo, come/go)	H935	18x	entering into, coming from, or bringing into the temple
בַּיִת (bayith, house)	H1004	14x	"house/temple" overlap; heykal as part of the larger house
מֶלֶךְ (melek, king)	H4428	14x	royal-palace contexts or royal action involving the temple
קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh, holy)	H6944	13x	"holy temple" / temple in holy-space contexts
אֱלֹהִים (elohim, God)	H430	10x	"temple/house of God" contexts
בָּנָה (banah, build)	H1129	9x	building, rebuilding, or founding the temple
אַמָּה (ammah, cubit)	H520	6x	architectural measurement of temple parts
בָּבֶל (Babel, Babylon)	H894	6x	Babylonian seizure or foreign temple/palace contexts
דֶּלֶת (deleth, door)	H1817	6x	temple doors, entrances, or leaves
זָהָב (zahab, gold)	H2091	6x	gold vessels, doors, or temple furnishings

Word Family / Cognates¶

H1965 הֵיכַל (heikal) — Aramaic equivalent/cognate, "palace, temple," used in Ezra and Daniel.
G3485 ναός (naos) — primary LXX bridge and NT inner-sanctuary term.

Synonyms¶

search_relationships.py did not return curated synonyms for H1964. Domain and overlap data place it in the temple/building field with related architectural terms.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for H1964.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation / Domain	Key Difference
בַּיִת (bayith)	H1004	"temple," "house"	Generic house/building/household; heykal is the elevated palace/temple building or hall.
הֵיכַל (heikal, Aramaic)	H1965	"temple," "palace"	Aramaic cognate in Ezra/Daniel; H1964 is Hebrew usage.
דְּבִיר (debir)	H1687	temple interior domain	Inner sanctuary/Most Holy Place; heykal is the larger temple hall/building.
קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh)	H6944	"holy place/sanctuary" overlap	Holiness/sacred-space term; heykal names the building or hall.
מִקְדָּשׁ (miqdash)	H4720	sanctuary domain	General sanctuary/consecrated place; heykal is more architectural.
ἱερόν (hieron)	G2411	"temple"	Greek term for the broader temple precinct; distinct from naos/heykal inner-building bridge.
ναός (naos)	G3485	"temple"	Greek inner shrine/sanctuary; primary LXX equivalent for heykal, but lacks the Hebrew word's secular palace sense.
οἶκος (oikos)	G3624	"house/temple"	General house/household term; overlaps when temple is conceived as God's house.

Semantic Domains¶

UBS / Relationship Domains¶

[001002009001] Buildings — search_relationships.py places H1964 in the Buildings domain. Listed neighbors include אֲגֻדָּה (H92), אַיִל (H352), and אַמָּה (H520/H522; A521 in Aramaic), matching the architectural profile surfaced by the collocations.

LXX Mapping¶

Greek Equivalent	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI	Score	Notes
ναός (naos)	G3485	50	7.86	30.92	Primary equivalent; temple/sanctuary building.
θεμελιόω (themelioo)	G2311	5	5.33	9.56	Foundation/building association.
ἅγιος (hagios)	G40	17	3.28	9.48	Holy/sanctuary rendering contexts.
οἶκος (oikos)	G3624	28	2.47	8.32	"House" overlap in temple language.
πῆχυς (pechys)	G4083	6	3.89	7.56	Cubit; architectural measurement contexts.
ἐσώτερος (esoteros)	G2082	3	4.85	6.73	Interior/inner-space contexts.
μῆκος (mekos)	G3372	4	3.97	6.39	Length; temple measurement contexts.
οἰκοδομέω (oikodomeo)	G3618	8	2.88	6.33	Build/rebuild contexts.
χρύσεος (chryseos)	G5552	5	3.27	5.85	Golden temple/vessel contexts.
κραυγή (krauge)	G2906	3	4.16	5.77	Cry/voice from temple contexts.