G1343 — δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G1343
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Pronunciation: dik-ah-yos-oo'-nay
Part of Speech: Feminine noun
Root: δίκαιος (G1342) — just, righteous
Occurrences: 85 unique verses / 92 tokens across 19 books
First Occurrence: Matt 3:15 — "thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness"
Hapax: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From G1342 (dikaios); equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification: — righteousness.

Semantic Domains¶

Louw-Nida: - 088.002 — Moral and Ethical Qualities: Just, Righteous - 053.001 — Religious Practice - 034.005 — Establish / Confirm a Relation

Other words in 088.002: δίκαιος (G1342), δικαιόω (G1344), δικαίωμα (G1345), δικαίως (G1346), ἄδικος (G0094), ἀδικία (G0093), ἔνδικος (G1738)

UBS Semantic Domains: - [088] Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior - [053] Religious Activities - [034] Association - [057] Possess, Transfer, Exchange

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
righteousness	46	54.1%
of righteousness	19	22.4%
the righteousness	12	14.1%
righteousness' sake	2	2.4%
to righteousness	2	2.4%
other	4	4.8%

Virtually 100% rendered "righteousness" — variation is English article/preposition only.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 vv
Romans	30	6.9
2 Peter	4	6.6
2 Timothy	3	3.6
1 John	3	2.9
James	3	2.8
2 Corinthians	7	2.7
Galatians	4	2.7
Titus	1	2.2
Hebrews	6	2.0
Ephesians	3	1.9
1 Peter	2	1.9
Philippians	3	—
1 Timothy	1	0.9
Matthew	6	0.6
Acts	4	0.4
Revelation	1	0.2
John	2	0.2
1 Corinthians	1	0.2
Luke	1	0.1

Romans dominates (35% of all occurrences, highest density). Pauline epistles account for ~65% of usage. Gospels/Acts are sparse — the word's theological weight is developed primarily in the epistles.

Semantic Categories¶

1. God's Own Righteousness — His Character and Justifying Act¶

Rom 1:17 — "therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith"
Rom 3:21–22 — "the righteousness of God without the law is manifested… the righteousness of God by faith of Jesus Christ"
Rom 3:25–26 — "to declare his righteousness… that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth"
2 Cor 5:21 — "that we might be made the righteousness of God in him"

2. Righteousness Imputed Through Faith — The Forensic Reckoning¶

Rom 4:3 — "Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness"
Rom 4:5–6 — "his faith is counted for righteousness… God imputeth righteousness without works"
Gal 3:6 — "Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness"
Phil 3:9 — "not having mine own righteousness… but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith"

3. Righteousness by Faith vs. by Law¶

Rom 9:30–31 — "Gentiles which followed not after righteousness have attained… Israel which followed after the law of righteousness hath not attained"
Rom 10:3–6 — "God's righteousness… their own righteousness… righteousness which is of the law… righteousness which is of faith"
Gal 2:21 — "if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain"
Phil 3:6 — "touching the righteousness which is in the law, blameless"

4. Righteousness as Ethical Conduct / Active Obedience¶

Matt 5:6 — "Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness"
Matt 5:20 — "except your righteousness shall exceed the scribes and Pharisees"
Matt 6:33 — "seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness"
1 John 3:7 — "he that doeth righteousness is righteous, even as he is righteous"
Acts 10:35 — "he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him"

5. Righteousness as a Sphere or Power — Servants of Righteousness¶

Rom 6:18–19 — "made free from sin, ye became the servants of righteousness… yield your members servants to righteousness"
Rom 6:13 — "yield yourselves unto God… your members as instruments of righteousness"
Eph 6:14 — "having on the breastplate of righteousness"
2 Cor 6:7 — "by the armour of righteousness on the right hand and on the left"

6. Eschatological Righteousness — Crown and New Creation¶

2 Tim 4:8 — "there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness"
2 Pet 3:13 — "new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness"
Rev 19:11 — "he that sat upon him… in righteousness he doth judge and make war"
Heb 12:11 — "afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occ	Typical Pattern
θεός (God)	G2316	26x	"righteousness of God" — divine attribute or gift
πίστις (faith)	G4102	18x	"righteousness by/of faith" — Paul's forensic formula
Χριστός (Christ)	G5547	11x	"righteousness through/of Christ" — mediator of imputed righteousness
ἁμαρτία (sin)	G0266	9x	righteousness/sin antithesis (esp. Rom 6)
νόμος (law)	G3551	9x	"righteousness of the law" vs "righteousness of faith"
λογίζομαι (reckon)	G3049	8x	"reckoned/imputed for righteousness" (Rom 4 cluster)
Ἀβραάμ (Abraham)	G0011	6x	Abraham as paradigm of credited righteousness
διώκω (pursue)	G1377	6x	"follow after righteousness" — ethical pursuit command

Word Family (δικ- root)¶

G1342 δίκαιος — just, righteous (adjective; root of this noun)
G1344 δικαιόω — to justify, declare righteous (verbal counterpart)
G1345 δικαίωμα — righteous requirement, decree, or act
G1346 δικαίως — righteously, justly (adverb)
G1347 δικαίωσις — justification (the act/state of being declared righteous)

Synonyms¶

search_relationships.py surfaced mostly theological associates rather than a tight synonym set. The clearest non-cognate lexical overlap was: - G2118 εὐθύτης (euthytēs) — uprightness, rectitude; a rare overlap term for moral straightness/rightness

Antonyms¶

G94 ἄδικος (adikos) — unrighteous; direct privative opposite within the same moral field
G266 ἁμαρτία (hamartia) — sin; the dominant antithesis to righteousness in Romans 6 and related contexts
G459 ἄνομος (anomos) — lawless; opposite image where righteousness is defined over against lawlessness

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared KJV Translation	Key Difference
צֶדֶק (tsedeq)	H6664	"righteousness"	Hebrew noun for objective rightness/standard; dikaiosynē is its LXX/NT heir
צְדָקָה (tsedaqah)	H6666	"righteousness"	Hebrew noun for rightness as quality; the primary LXX source for dikaiosynē
δικαίωμα (dikaiōma)	G1345	"righteousness" (3v)	Concrete decree or righteous act; dikaiosynē is the abstract quality or state
εὐθύτης (euthytēs)	G2118	"righteousness" (1v)	Rectitude/uprightness from straightness metaphor; rare near-synonym

Hebrew Source¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occ	PMI
צְדָקָה (tsedaqah)	H6666	129	6.30
צֶדֶק (tsedeq)	H6664	81	6.06
מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat)	H4941	66	3.93
חֶסֶד (chesed)	H2617	22	3.06

Primary LXX sources are tsedaqah (H6666) and tsedeq (H6664) — together these two Hebrew nouns map nearly exclusively to dikaiosynē in LXX translation, creating a near-one-to-one semantic bridge.