G661 — ἀποτίνω (apotínō)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G661
Original: ἀποτίνω
Transliteration: apotínō
Pronunciation: ap-ot-ee'-no
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: From ἀπό (G575, "away from") + τίνω (G5099, "to pay a price, suffer penalty")
Occurrences: 1 token in 1 verse in 1 book
First Occurrence: Phm 1:19 — "I Paul have written [it] with mine own hand, I will repay [it]: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides."
Hapax Legomenon: YES — appears only once in the entire Bible

Lexicon Definition¶

From ἀπό (G575) and τίνω (G5099); to pay in full: — repay.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 57.012 — Pay, Price, Cost (within 57 — Possess, Transfer, Exchange)
Glosses: to pay back, to remunerate
Other words in subdomain (57.012): δαπάνη (G1160, "cost"), ἀμοιβή (G287, "recompense"), ἀνταποδίδωμι (G467, "to repay"), ἀποδίδωμι (G591, "to give back/pay"), ἀποστερέω (G650, "to defraud"), ἀρραβών (G728, "down-payment"), ὀψώνιον (G3800, "pay/wages")

Morphological Note¶

The sole NT occurrence appears as ἀποτίσω (apotísō) — Future Active Indicative, 1st person singular. Paul's use of the future tense with first-person framing functions as a legally binding promissory statement: "I will pay in full."

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
will repay	1	100%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Philemon	1	4.0

As a hapax, the word appears exclusively in Paul's personal letter to Philemon regarding the debt of the runaway slave Onesimus.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Full Financial Repayment / Debt Assumption¶

Phm 1:19 — "I Paul have written [it] with mine own hand, I will repay [it]: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides."

The word carries a commercial-legal force: to discharge a debt completely. Paul writes in his own hand (a marker of personal legal responsibility) and uses ἀποτίσω as a formal IOU — assuming whatever financial liability Onesimus incurred by his departure. The ἀπό prefix intensifies the base τίνω ("pay a price") to mean "pay off entirely, settle in full."

Common Collocations¶

No collocation data available — hapax legomenon with only 1 verse occurrence.

Word Family / Cognates¶

G5099 τίνω (tínō) — root verb: to pay a price, suffer punishment (also hapax in NT: 2 Thess 1:9)
G575 ἀπό (apó) — preposition: away from (prefix adds completeness — "pay away completely")

Synonyms (from search_relationships.py and Louw-Nida domain)¶

G591 ἀποδίδωμι (apodídōmi) — to give away/back, render, pay (48v) — the standard NT word for paying/repaying; broader semantic range including "give back what is owed" and "reward"
G467 ἀνταποδίδωμι (antapodídōmi) — to repay, requite, recompense (7v) — emphasizes reciprocal repayment; used in divine judgment/reward contexts (Rom 12:19, Heb 10:30)
G287 ἀμοιβή (amoibḗ) — recompense, return (1v: 1 Tim 5:4) — also hapax; noun for requital/return of care

Antonyms¶

G2346 θλίβω (thlíbō) — to press, afflict, distress (10v) — opposite economic direction: to oppress/burden rather than repay/relieve

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
ἀποδίδωμι	G591	"repay" (Rom 12:17, 1 Thess 5:15)	G591 is the general-purpose word for rendering/paying what is due; G661 is a specialized commercial term meaning "pay in full, settle a debt completely"
ἀνταποδίδωμι	G467	"repay" (Rom 12:19, Heb 10:30)	G467 emphasizes reciprocal exchange (repay-in-kind); G661 emphasizes full settlement of a specific financial obligation
שָׁלַם (shâlam)	H7999	"repay" in OT (Deut 7:10, Job 21:31)	H7999 is the broad OT verb for making complete/whole/restoring, covering restitution, peace-making, and completing vows; G661 is narrowly financial

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI	Notes
שָׁלַם (shâlam)	H7999	25	7.62	Primary OT equivalent — "make whole, repay, restitute" (Exo 21:34-36, 22:1-14)
בַּעַל (baʻal)	H1167	6	5.98	"owner, master" — in restitution contexts (the owner to be repaid)
שׁוֹר (shôwr)	H7794	4	5.55	"ox/bull" — in livestock restitution law (Exo 21:36, 22:1)
גָּנַב (gânab)	H1589	3	6.08	"steal" — theft-restitution contexts requiring repayment

The LXX mapping confirms that ἀποτίνω renders H7999 שָׁלַם in its Piel stem ("make restitution, pay back") within Exodus restitution law. The co-occurring Hebrew words (owner, ox, steal) reflect the property-damage and theft-restitution contexts of Exodus 21-22 where the LXX uses this verb.