G2476 — ἵστημι (hístēmi)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G2476
Original: ἵστημι
Transliteration: hístēmi
Pronunciation: his-tay-mee
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: Primary root στάω (stáō, stah'-o) — prolonged form
Occurrences: 152 unique verses (161 tokens), 16 NT books
First Occurrence: Matt 2:9 — "the star... went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

A prolonged form of a primary στάω stáō (of the same meaning, and used as an alternate in certain tenses); to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively): - (intransitive) to stand, be standing, stand still, stand firm - (transitive) to set, place, present; to appoint; to establish, confirm, make to stand - (passive) to be set, be placed; to be established, be confirmed

The tense/voice carries the semantic weight: perfect active = intransitive "is/was standing"; aorist active = transitive "set, placed" or punctiliar "stood up"; aorist/future passive = "was positioned, will be established."

Verb Form Distribution¶

Form	Approx. Count	Meaning
Perfect Active (ptcp, ind, inf)	~77	"is/was standing" — completed-state
Pluperfect Active (ind)	~14	"had been standing / was standing"
Aorist Active (ind, ptcp, inf, impv)	~41	"set, placed" (trans.) or "stood up" (intrans.)
Aorist Passive (ptcp, ind, inf)	~16	"was placed, stood" (intrans.)
Future Passive (ind)	~6	"shall be established / shall stand"

[Tallied from greek_parser.py --lemma "ἵστημι" --limit 200]

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 17.1 — Stances and Events Related to Stances: Stand
Other words in domain: ἀνίστημι (G450), ἐγείρω (G1453), ἐφίστημι (G2186), παρίστημι (G3936), στήκω (G4739), συνίστημι (G4921)

UBS Semantic Domains¶

[017] Stances and Events Related to Stances — the core "stand / set / station" field.
[085] Existence in Space — spatial presence and locatedness.
[076] Power, Force — establishment and force-of-position overlaps.
[057] Possess, Transfer, Exchange — presentation and placement uses.
[030] Think — secondary overlap where settled stance shades into resolve.
[033] Communication — witness and courtroom scenes where persons stand and speak.
[068] Aspect — continuative "remain / continue standing" force.
[013] Be, Become, Exist, Happen — stative perfect uses ("is standing," "stands established").
[031] Hold a View, Believe, Trust — figurative firmness and settled conviction.

search_relationships.py keeps ἵστημι anchored in stance vocabulary, but its broad NT range also pushes it into establishment, presentation, and steadfastness domains.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
stood	41	27%
standing	21	14%
stand	15	10%
standeth	5	3%
to stand	5	3%
shall (stand)	4	3%
stood still	3	2%
and set	3	2%
I stand	3	2%
establish, established	4	3%
Other (set, appoint, continue, abide…)	48	32%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Revelation	22	5.4
Acts	35	3.5
John	20	2.3
Luke	24	2.1
Matthew	20	1.9
Ephesians	3	1.9
James	2	1.9
Mark	10	1.5
Romans	5	1.2
2 Timothy	1	1.2
Colossians	1	1.1
1 Peter	1	1.0
2 Corinthians	2	0.8
1 Corinthians	3	0.7
Hebrews	2	0.7
Jude	1	—

Concentrated in narrative books (Acts, Gospels) for physical positioning. Revelation's density (5.4) reflects vision language — angels and redeemed standing before God. Epistles use the figurative senses (standing firm, establishing the law).

Semantic Categories¶

1. Physical Posture — Occupying a Location¶

The most literal use: a person, object, or being is stationary in an upright position. - Matt 6:5 — "they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets" - Luke 1:11 — "there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense" - John 20:14 — "she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus" - Acts 9:7 — "the men which journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing a voice"

2. To Set / Place (Causative Transitive)¶

The aorist active is transitive: to cause someone to stand, to place or present. - Matt 4:5 — "the devil taketh him up... and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple" - Matt 18:2 — "Jesus called a little child unto him, and set him in the midst of them" - Acts 4:7 — "when they had set them in the midst, they asked, By what power..." - Acts 5:27 — "when they had brought them, they set them before the council"

3. To Stop / Stand Still¶

Bringing motion to cessation; halting. - Matt 20:32 — "Jesus stood still, and called them, and said, What will ye..." - Luke 7:14 — "they that bare him stood still. And he said, Young man, I say unto thee, Arise" - Acts 8:38 — "he commanded the chariot to stand still: and they went down both into the water"

4. To Stand Firm / Not Fall (Figurative Stability)¶

Spiritual or moral steadfastness; structural cohesion; not being overthrown. - Mark 3:24–26 — "that kingdom cannot stand... that house cannot stand... he cannot stand" - Rom 5:2 — "this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God" - 1 Cor 10:12 — "let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall" - Eph 6:13–14 — "that ye may be able to withstand in the evil day... Stand therefore"

5. To Establish / Confirm / Make Valid¶

Legal or covenantal force — rendering something authoritative, binding, enduring. - Matt 18:16 — "in the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established" - Rom 3:31 — "Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: yea, we establish the law" - Heb 10:9 — "He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second" - 2 Cor 13:1 — "In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established"

6. Standing Before Authority (Forensic)¶

Formal presentation or accountability before rulers, councils, or divine judgment. - Matt 27:11 — "Jesus stood before the governor: and the governor asked him" - Acts 25:10 — "I stand at Caesar's judgment seat, where I ought to be judged" - Acts 26:6 — "I stand and am judged for the hope of the promise made of God unto our fathers" - Rev 20:12 — "I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened"

7. Heavenly / Angelic Standing (Vision Language)¶

Beings stationed before the divine throne — prominent in Acts and Revelation. - Acts 7:55–56 — "saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God" - Rev 5:6 — "a Lamb stood in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts" - Rev 7:1 — "four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, holding the four winds" - Rev 8:2 — "the seven angels which stood before God; and to them were given seven trumpets"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occ	Typical Pattern
λέγω (légō)	G3004	32x	"stood and said / standing, he said"
θεός (theós)	G2316	30x	"stood before God / established by God"
ὁράω (horáō)	G3708	25x	"saw… standing" — vision/observation formula
Ἰησοῦς	G2424	20x	"Jesus stood / stood before Jesus"
μέσος (mésos)	G3319	13x	"stood in the midst" — central placement
ἄγγελος (ággelos)	G32	11x	"angel standing" — angelic presence
ἀνήρ (anḗr)	G435	11x	"a man stood" — key narrative scenes
ἀκούω (akoúō)	G191	11x	"stood and heard / stood hearing"

Word Family (στᾱ- root)¶

G4739 στήκω (stēkō) — Koine denominative from perfect ἕστηκα; "stand fast, stand firm" (restricted to figurative)
G450 ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) — ἀνά + ἵστημι; "rise up, arise, raise up" — primary resurrection word
G3936 παρίστημι (paristēmi) — παρά + ἵστημι; "stand beside, present, offer"
G2186 ἐφίστημι (ephistēmi) — ἐπί + ἵστημι; "stand upon, come upon, appear suddenly"
G4714 στάσις (stásis) — noun from root; "standing; insurrection, dissension"
G4921 συνίστημι (sunistēmi) — σύν + ἵστημι; "stand with, commend, recommend"

Synonyms¶

search_relationships.py did not return a tight non-cognate synonym set for G2476 beyond the existing στη-/στα- family already listed above.

Antonyms¶

search_relationships.py did not return a dedicated antonym pair for G2476.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
עָמַד (ʻāmad)	H5975	"stood, stand"	Hebrew OT equivalent via LXX; broad range including administrative and spatial standing
παρίστημι (parístēmi)	G3936	"stood by, stood before"	Adds spatial/relational nuance: standing beside or presenting to; ἵστημι is the root
στήκω (stēkō)	G4739	"stand, stand fast"	Later Koine simplification; always intransitive, always figurative "stand firm"
ἀνίστημι (anistēmi)	G450	"arose, stood up"	Directional: specifically "standing up from" — resurrection, rising from seated position
ἐγείρω (egeirō)	G1453	"arise, rise up"	Primary meaning "to awaken/rouse"; overlaps anistēmi in resurrection language

Hebrew Source (LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occ	PMI Score	Notes
עָמַד (ʻāmad)	H5975	338	28.24	Primary LXX bridge; all senses of "to stand"
נָצַב (nāṣab)	H5324	25	12.46	"station, be stationed" — more formal/fixed posture
קוּם (qûm, Aramaic)	H6966	16	12.65	"to rise up, establish" (Daniel's Aramaic)
שָׁקַל (shāqal)	H8254	15	13.55	"to weigh, pay out" (silver-weighing contexts)
קוּם (qûm)	H6965	86	11.67	"to rise, arise" — maps more to ἀνίστημι
יָצַב (yāṣab)	H3320	14	10.07	"station oneself, place firmly, present oneself"

ʻāmad (H5975) is the dominant bridge at 338 co-occurrences — the LXX uses ἵστημι as the systematic equivalent across all senses of ʻāmad.