A1780 — דִּין (dîyn)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H1780
Original: דִּין
Transliteration: dîyn
Pronunciation: deen
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Language: Aramaic (corresponding to Hebrew H1779)
Root: דִּין (dyn) — to judge, plead a cause; common Semitic root
Occurrences: 5 unique verses in OT
Books: 2 (Daniel × 4, Ezra × 1)
First Occurrence: Ezra 7:26 — "let judgment be executed speedily upon him"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

(Aramaic) corresponding to [H1779]:—judgement.

The Aramaic cognate of Hebrew דִּין (H1779). Denotes judgment in the sense of a judicial verdict, legal sentence, or the juridical proceedings themselves. Derived from the common Semitic root dyn meaning "to judge, govern, plead a cause."

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
judgment	5	100%

All five occurrences are rendered "judgment" in KJV. The article and conjunctions vary by context ("the judgment," "and judgment," "But the judgment"), but the core term is invariant.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	BookV	Per 100 Verses
Daniel	4	357	1.1
Ezra	1	280	0.4

Pattern: Concentrated in the Aramaic-language sections of Daniel (chs. 2–7) and the Aramaic decree passage in Ezra 7. Both books contain extended Aramaic sections, and H1780 belongs exclusively to those passages.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Legal Sentence Executed by Judicial Authority¶

Judgment as a verdict decreed and enforced — by royal command, divine justice, or both operating together.

Ezra 7:26 — "And whosoever will not do the law of thy God, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed speedily upon him, whether [it be] unto death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment."
Daniel 4:37 — "Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven, all whose works [are] truth, and his ways judgment: and those that walk in pride he is able to abase."

In Ezra 7:26 the judgment is the punitive sentence prescribed by law. In Dan 4:37 it is God's intrinsic character — his every act is perfectly just.

2. The Heavenly Court in Session (Daniel 7 Courtroom Scene)¶

The three occurrences in Daniel 7 form a single eschatological courtroom drama. The word marks the moment the tribunal is convened, the verdict rendered, and the sentence carried out.

Daniel 7:10 — "...the judgment was set, and the books were opened."
Daniel 7:22 — "Until the Ancient of days came, and judgment was given to the saints of the most High; and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom."
Daniel 7:26 — "But the judgment shall sit, and they shall take away his dominion, to consume and to destroy [it] unto the end."

The court "sitting" (H3488 יְתִב, yethib) and the "books" being opened are the formal marks of a judicial proceeding. Judgment is first set (7:10), then given to the saints (7:22), then acts against the beast's dominion (7:26) — three stages of a single verdict.

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occ	Typical Pattern
יְתִב (yethib)	H3488	2x	"judgment was set / shall sit" — the court taking its seat
מֶלֶךְ (melek)	H4430	2x	"law of the king" + judgment — royal judicial authority
דָּת (dath)	H1882	1x	"law of God / law of the king" — the legal basis for judgment
אֱלָהּ (elaph)	H426	1x	God's identity as the source of perfect judgment

Word Family / Cognates¶

H1779 דִּין (dîyn) — Hebrew cognate; identical root, same semantic range; 20 occurrences in Hebrew poetry and wisdom literature (Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Deuteronomy, Isaiah, Jeremiah)
H1777 דִּין (dîyn) — Hebrew verb "to judge, plead, govern" — the verbal root underlying both H1779 and H1780

Synonyms¶

No synonym entries were returned by search_relationships.py for this Aramaic noun.

Antonyms¶

No antonym entries were returned by search_relationships.py for this Aramaic noun.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
דִּין (dîyn)	H1779	judgment	Direct Hebrew cognate of H1780; same root, same range — differentiated only by language (Hebrew vs. Aramaic) and literary context (Hebrew poetry/wisdom vs. Aramaic narrative)
מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat)	H4941	judgment, justice	The broader, more common Hebrew term — encompasses the full judicial process (hearing, ordinance, right, custom); H1780 focuses narrowly on the verdict or juridical act
שְׁפוֹט (shephot)	H8196	judgment	A rarer Hebrew noun from שָׁפַט (shaphat) for "judicial sentence"; closer to H1780 in specificity but appears only twice in OT

Semantic Domains¶

No semantic-domain data was returned by search_relationships.py for this Aramaic noun.

LXX Mapping¶

H1780 occurs in the Aramaic-language sections of Daniel and Ezra. The Greek LXX rendering of Daniel used Theodotion's version (rather than the Old Greek), which translates the Daniel 7 judgment scenes using κρίσις (G2920) and κρίμα (G2917). The standard LXX alignment algorithm yields only function words for H1780 (καί, αὐτός, ὁ — PMI < 0.6), reflecting the methodological limits of aligning Aramaic text via a Theodotion-dominant tradition.

For the Greek equivalents applied to this concept, see WG-judgment.md.