H2451 - חׇכְמָה (chokmah)
Core Data
- Strong's: H2451
- Original: חׇכְמָה
- Transliteration: chokmah
- Pronunciation: khok-maw
- Part of Speech: feminine noun
- Root: from H2449 in the lexicon family
- Occurrences: 141 unique OT verses; 155 tokens
- First Occurrence: Exo 28:3 - "whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom"
- Hapax Legomenon: No
Lexicon Definition
From the lexicon table: wisdom in a good sense. KJV renderings include "skilful," "wisdom," "wisely," and "wit."
Translation Distribution (KJV)
| Translation |
Verses |
% |
| wisdom |
67 |
47.5% |
| of wisdom |
15 |
10.6% |
| Wisdom |
8 |
5.7% |
| in wisdom |
6 |
4.3% |
| thy wisdom |
6 |
4.3% |
| the wisdom |
5 |
3.5% |
| by/with/unto wisdom phrases |
15 |
10.6% |
| other single-verse renderings |
19 |
13.5% |
Distribution by Book
| Book |
Count |
Per 100 Verses |
| Ecclesiastes |
25 |
11.3 |
| Proverbs |
38 |
4.2 |
| Job |
18 |
1.7 |
| 1 Kings |
14 |
1.7 |
| 2 Chronicles |
9 |
1.1 |
| Daniel |
3 |
0.8 |
| Exodus |
8 |
0.7 |
| Isaiah |
5 |
0.4 |
| Ezekiel |
5 |
0.4 |
| Jeremiah |
5 |
0.4 |
| 2 Samuel |
2 |
0.3 |
| Deuteronomy |
2 |
0.2 |
| Psalms |
6 |
0.2 |
| 1 Chronicles |
1 |
0.1 |
The strongest concentration is wisdom literature, with administrative/skill contexts in Exodus, Kings, Chronicles, Daniel, and prophetic books.
Semantic Categories
1. Skilled Craftsmanship / Technical Ability
- Exo 28:3 - wise-hearted workers filled with the spirit of wisdom.
- Exo 31:3 - wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and workmanship.
- Exo 35:35 - wisdom of heart for engraving, cunning work, and weaving.
- 1 Kgs 7:14 - Hiram filled with wisdom and understanding to work brass.
2. Governance / Administrative Judgment
- Deut 34:9 - Joshua full of the spirit of wisdom.
- 1 Kgs 3:28 - Israel saw the wisdom of God in Solomon to do judgment.
- 1 Kgs 5:12 - YHWH gave Solomon wisdom.
- 2 Chr 1:10-12 - wisdom and knowledge granted for judging the people.
- Prov 1:2 - to know wisdom and instruction.
- Prov 2:6 - YHWH gives wisdom; knowledge and understanding from his mouth.
- Prov 4:7 - "Wisdom is the principal thing."
- Prov 9:10 - the fear of YHWH is the beginning of wisdom.
4. Wisdom Paired with Knowledge / Understanding
- Exo 31:3 - wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and workmanship.
- Job 12:13 - with him are wisdom and strength, counsel and understanding.
- Prov 23:23 - truth, wisdom, instruction, and understanding.
- Isa 33:6 - wisdom and knowledge as stability.
5. Wisdom Evaluated, Limited, or Corrupted
- Job 28:12 - where shall wisdom be found?
- Eccl 1:17-18 - seeking wisdom, madness, and folly.
- Isa 47:10 - wisdom and knowledge pervert/deceive in self-security.
- Eze 28:17 - wisdom corrupted by reason of brightness.
6. Wisdom as Advantage / Practical Profit
- Prov 24:3 - through wisdom a house is built.
- Eccl 7:12 - wisdom is a defense and gives life to possessors.
- Eccl 7:19 - wisdom strengthens the wise.
- Eccl 10:10 - wisdom is profitable to direct.
Common Collocations
| Word |
Strong's |
Co-occurrences |
Typical Pattern |
| heart |
H3820 |
23x |
wisdom in/with the heart |
| give |
H5414 |
22x |
God gives wisdom or wisdom granted |
| knowledge |
H1847 |
20x |
wisdom paired with knowledge |
| understanding |
H8394 |
19x |
wisdom and understanding pair |
| understanding |
H998 |
16x |
binah/chokmah pair |
| know |
H3045 |
16x |
seeking/knowing wisdom |
| king |
H4428 |
15x |
royal wisdom, especially Solomon |
| hear |
H8085 |
15x |
hearing wisdom/instruction |
| Solomon |
H8010 |
13x |
Solomon wisdom cluster |
| God |
H430 |
12x |
divine giver/source of wisdom |
Synonyms and Near Neighbors
- H998 בִּינָה (binah) - understanding; frequent collocate and synonym.
- H1847 דַּעַת (daath) - knowledge; frequent collocate and synonym.
- H7919 שׂכל (sakal) - be prudent/act wisely; synonym.
- H8394 תְּבוּנָה / תָּבוּן (tebunah/tabun) - understanding, intelligence; synonym/collocate.
- H2449 חָכַם (chakam) - be wise; verbal family word.
Antonyms from Relationship Data
- H200 אִוֶּלֶת (ivveleth) - folly.
- H3684 כְּסִיל (kesil) - fool.
- H5531 סִכְלוּת (sikluth) - foolishness.
- H8419 תַּהְפּוּכָה (tahpukah) - perversity.
Easily Confused Words
| Word |
Strong's |
Shared Translation |
Key Difference |
| חׇכְמָה (chokmah, Aramaic) |
H2452 |
wisdom |
Aramaic counterpart used in Daniel/Ezra Aramaic contexts |
| חׇכְמוֹת (chokmoth) |
H2454 |
Wisdom |
plural/collateral wisdom form in Proverbs |
| תּוּשִׁיָּה (tushiyyah) |
H8454 |
wisdom |
sound wisdom/resourcefulness, narrower distribution |
| לֵב (leb) |
H3820 |
wisdom in some phrases |
heart/mind/will; can carry wisdom sense by metonymy |
| σοφία (sophia) |
G4678 |
wisdom |
primary Greek bridge and NT wisdom word |
| φρόνησις (phronesis) |
G5428 |
wisdom |
prudence/mental action, secondary bridge |
Semantic Domain
- Wise [002001002029] - neighbors include H270 achaz, H833 ashar, H935 bo, H995 bin, H1847 daath, H2146 zikkaron.
LXX Mapping
| Greek Equivalent |
Co-occurrences |
PMI |
Score |
Notes |
| σοφία (sophia) G4678 |
115 |
7.11 |
33.79 |
primary bridge |
| φρόνησις (phronesis) G5428 |
20 |
6.54 |
19.92 |
prudence/intellectual activity |
| σύνεσις (sunesis) G4907 |
25 |
5.65 |
18.42 |
understanding/intelligence |
| γνῶσις (gnosis) G1108 |
12 |
5.54 |
14.22 |
knowledge |
| σοφός (sophos) G4680 |
12 |
3.81 |
9.76 |
wise adjective |
See Also
Generated from: gather_word_data.py, search_relationships.py
Last updated: 2026-05-07