H8643 — תְּרוּעָה (teruah)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H8643
Original: תְּרוּעָה
Transliteration: tᵉrûwʻâh
Pronunciation: ter-oo-aw
Part of Speech: Feminine noun
Root: רוּעַ (rûwaʻ, H7321) — to split the ears with sound, shout for alarm or joy
Occurrences: 33 unique verses (43 tokens) in OT
First Occurrence: Lev 23:24 — "In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall ye have a sabbath, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From H7321; clamor, i.e. acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangor of trumpets, as an alarm: alarm, blow(-ing) (of, the) (trumpets), joy, jubile, loud noise, rejoicing, shout(-ing), (high, joyful) sound(-ing).

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
shout / shouting (various phrases)	15	45.5%
alarm (various phrases)	5	15.2%
blowing of/the trumpets	2	6.1%
joy / with joy / of joy	3	9.1%
rejoicing	1	3.0%
jubile	1	3.0%
sounding	1	3.0%
joyful sound	1	3.0%
high sounding	1	3.0%
loud noise	1	3.0%
to blow	1	3.0%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Zephaniah	1	1.9
Amos	2	1.4
Ezra	3	1.1
Numbers	5	0.4
Joshua	2	0.3
Job	3	0.3
Leviticus	2	0.2
Jeremiah	3	0.2
1 Samuel	2	0.2
2 Chronicles	2	0.2
Psalms	5	0.2
2 Samuel	1	0.1
1 Chronicles	1	0.1
Ezekiel	1	0.1

Distributed across 14 books. Concentrated in Pentateuch/historical narratives (Num, Jos, 1-2 Sam, 1-2 Chr, Ezra) and prophets (Jer, Amo, Zep, Eze). Highest density in the minor prophets Zephaniah and Amos, both in judgment contexts. Notably absent from Exodus, Deuteronomy, Isaiah, and Daniel.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Military Alarm / Battle Cry¶

Num 10:5 — "When ye blow an alarm, then the camps that lie on the east parts shall go forward."
Num 10:6 — "When ye blow an alarm the second time, then the camps that lie on the south side shall take their journey."
Num 10:9 — "And if ye go to war in your land against the enemy that oppresseth you, then ye shall blow an alarm with the trumpets."
Jer 4:19 — "I cannot hold my peace, because thou hast heard, O my soul, the sound of the trumpet, the alarm of war."
Jer 49:2 — "I will cause an alarm of war to be heard in Rabbah of the Ammonites."
Zep 1:16 — "A day of the trumpet and alarm against the fenced cities."

2. Cultic/Liturgical Trumpet Blast¶

Lev 23:24 — "In the seventh month... a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation."
Num 29:1 — "It is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you."
Lev 25:9 — "Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the jubile to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month."
2 Chr 13:12 — "His priests with sounding trumpets to cry alarm against you."

3. Victory/Triumphal Shout¶

Josh 6:5 — "All the people shall shout with a great shout; and the wall of the city shall fall down flat."
Josh 6:20 — "The people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down flat."
1 Sam 4:5 — "All Israel shouted with a great shout, so that the earth rang again."
Num 23:21 — "The LORD his God is with him, and the shout of a king is among them."

4. Worship/Joyful Acclamation¶

2 Sam 6:15 — "David and all the house of Israel brought up the ark of the LORD with shouting."
Ezra 3:11 — "All the people shouted with a great shout, when they praised the LORD."
Ezra 3:13 — "The people could not discern the noise of the shout of joy from the noise of the weeping."
Psa 47:5 — "God is gone up with a shout, the LORD with the sound of a trumpet."
Psa 33:3 — "Sing unto him a new song; play skilfully with a loud noise."
Psa 89:15 — "Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound."

5. Battle/Judgment Noise (Prophetic)¶

Amos 1:14 — "It shall devour the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battle."
Amos 2:2 — "Moab shall die with tumult, with shouting, and with the sound of the trumpet."
Eze 21:22 — "To lift up the voice with shouting, to appoint battering rams against the gates."
Jer 20:16 — "Let him hear the cry in the morning, and the shouting at noontide."

6. Personal Joy/Rejoicing¶

Job 8:21 — "Till he fill thy mouth with laughing, and thy lips with rejoicing."
Job 33:26 — "He shall see his face with joy."
Psa 27:6 — "I will offer in his tabernacle sacrifices of joy."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
יְהֹוָה (Yehovah)	H3068	13x (39%)	Shout before the LORD; the LORD with sound of trumpet
קוֹל (qol)	H6963	12x (36%)	"the noise of the shout"; "voice with shouting"
שׁוֹפָר (showphar)	H7782	11x (33%)	Teruah accompanies or is produced by the shofar
גָּדוֹל (gadol)	H1419	8x (24%)	"a great shout" — intensifier for the sound
שָׁמַע (shama)	H8085	8x (24%)	The shout/alarm is heard; enemies hear it
רוּעַ (ruwa)	H7321	6x (18%)	Root verb + noun cognate: "the people shouted a shout"
עָלָה (alah)	H5927	5x (15%)	Going up with shouting (processional, ascending)
אָרוֹן (arown)	H727	4x (12%)	Ark carried with teruah — cultic/military procession
חֲצֹצְרָה (chatsotsrah)	H2689	4x (12%)	Silver trumpets paired with teruah in priestly use
מִלְחָמָה (milchamah)	H4421	4x (12%)	"alarm of war" — military context

Word Family / Cognates¶

H7321 רוּעַ (ruwa) — root verb: to shout, raise a cry, give a blast (46 occurrences)

Synonyms¶

No synonyms returned by search_relationships.py for H8643.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms returned by search_relationships.py for H8643.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
רוּעַ (ruwa)	H7321	"shout"	Verb form of the same root; ruwa is the action, teruah is the resulting sound/cry
קוֹל (qol)	H6963	"noise," "sound"	General word for voice/sound (506x); teruah is a specific type of loud cry or blast
הֵידָד (heydad)	H1959	"shouting"	Rare (7x); a harvest or vintage shout; teruah covers military, cultic, and joyful contexts

Semantic Domains¶

UBS / Relationship Domains¶

[002004001009007] Sounds — places tᵉrûwʻâh in the broader field of striking or audible sounds, fitting its trumpet-blast and alarm uses.
[002004001009005] Shout — identifies the narrower human-cry/acclamation field, matching teruah's victory and worship-shout uses.

LXX Mapping¶

Greek Equivalent	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score	Notes
σάλπιγξ (salpinx)	G4536	14	19.12	Primary — trumpet/trumpet blast
κραυγή (krauge)	G2906	9	16.00	Outcry, clamor — used for the shout meaning
φωνή (phone)	G5456	13	11.45	Voice/sound — generic rendering
σημαίνω (semaino)	G4591	3	9.72	To signal — used for alarm function
σαλπίζω (salpizo)	G4537	4	9.55	To trumpet — verb for the blowing

The LXX splits teruah's two primary senses: σάλπιγξ for the trumpet-blast meaning, κραυγή for the human shout/cry meaning.