WG: Standing — ἵστη- Root Cluster
Overview
The NT standing vocabulary clusters around the ἵστημι (histēmi) root, which generates a family of compound verbs and a noun, each with a distinct spatial, relational, or directional nuance. Hebrew ʻāmad (H5975) is the primary OT anchor via systematic LXX translation.
Word Group Members
| Strong's |
Word |
Transliteration |
POS |
Occurrences |
Role in Concept |
Library Entry |
| G2476 |
ἵστημι |
hístēmi |
verb |
152 |
Base form: stand, set, establish |
G2476-histemi.md |
| G450 |
ἀνίστημι |
anístēmi |
verb |
111 |
Rise up, arise — resurrection direction |
TODO(need G450 study) |
| G3936 |
παρίστημι |
parístēmi |
verb |
40 |
Stand beside, present, offer |
TODO(need G3936 study) |
| G4714 |
στάσις |
stásis |
noun |
9 |
Standing; insurrection, dissension |
TODO(need G4714 study) |
| G4739 |
στήκω |
stēkō |
verb |
8 |
Stand firm (Koine figurative) |
TODO(need G4739 study) |
Relationships
Word Family
All from root στᾱ- (Greek zero-grade of ἵστημι):
- G2476 ἵστημι — base
- G450 ἀνίστημι — ἀνά + ἵστημι ("stand up again")
- G3936 παρίστημι — παρά + ἵστημι ("stand beside")
- G4739 στήκω — from perfect ἕστηκα of ἵστημι (Koine simplified form)
- G4714 στάσις — noun from the same root ("a standing / uprising")
Shared Hebrew Sources
| Hebrew Word |
Strong's |
Links To (Greek) |
Co-occ |
Notes |
| עָמַד (ʻāmad) |
H5975 |
G2476 ἵστημι |
338 |
Primary LXX bridge; all senses of "to stand" |
| עָמַד (ʻāmad) |
H5975 |
G3936 παρίστημι |
31 |
Formal standing beside/before |
| קוּם (qûm) |
H6965 |
G450 ἀνίστημι |
340 |
"rise" maps to directional anistēmi |
| קוּם (qûm, Aram.) |
H6966 |
G2476 ἵστημι |
16 |
Aramaic establish/raise in Daniel LXX |
Co-occurrence (same verse)
| Word A |
Word B |
Shared Verses |
Typical Context |
| G2476 ἵστημι |
G450 ἀνίστημι |
4 |
Mark 3:26 — contrast: "he cannot stand" + "rise up" |
| G2476 ἵστημι |
G4739 στήκω |
1 |
Rom 14:4 — "standeth or falleth" (histēmi) / "holden up" (implied stēkō) |
| G450 ἀνίστημι |
G3936 παρίστημι |
2 |
Acts 9:39 — "Peter arose… they brought him" (arise then present) |
Roles in the Concept
| Word |
Core Role |
| ἵστημι (G2476) |
Stand/set — the full range: physical position, causative placement, figurative stability, legal establishment |
| ἀνίστημι (G450) |
Directional rising: resurrection, standing up from seated/dead, raising a successor |
| παρίστημι (G3936) |
Relational standing: beside someone; presenting/offering to someone |
| στήκω (G4739) |
Volitional steadfastness: "stand firm" in faith or duty (always figurative in NT) |
| στάσις (G4714) |
The act or event of standing: position → dissension → insurrection (people "taking their stand") |
Key Passages Where Multiple Words Appear
- Mark 3:26 — ἀνίστημι + ἵστημι in the same verse: "if Satan rise up against himself... he cannot stand"
- Rom 14:4 — ἵστημι + concept of stēkō: "to his own master he standeth or falleth. Yea, he shall be holden up"
- Acts 9:39 — ἀνίστημι + παρίστημι: "Peter arose... they brought him into the upper chamber; and all the widows stood by him weeping"
Generated from: gather_word_data.py, gather_word_group_data.py
Last updated: 2026-04-02