G2424 — Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G2424
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Transliteration: Iēsoûs
Pronunciation: ee-ay-sooce
Part of Speech: Proper masculine noun
Root: Of Hebrew origin — from H3091 יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yehoshua) / H3442 יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua), "YHWH saves"
Occurrences: 935 unique verses in NT (975 tokens)
Books: 26
First Occurrence: Mat 1:1 — "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

Of Hebrew origin (H3091); Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord.

The Greek form transliterates the post-exilic Hebrew/Aramaic contraction יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua) of the earlier יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yehoshua), meaning "YHWH is salvation" or "YHWH saves." This etymology is made explicit in Mat 1:21 — "thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins."

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 93 — Names of Persons and Places
Subdomain: 93.1 — Persons
Other words in subdomain: Ἀαρών (Aaron, G2), Ἀβραάμ (Abraham, G11), Ἀδάμ (Adam, G76), Ἅβελ (Abel, G6), Ἀβιαθάρ (Abiathar, G8), Ἅγαβος (Agabus, G13), Ἁγάρ (Hagar, G28), Ἀγρίππας (Agrippa, G67), and the full roster of NT proper names.

UBS Semantic Domains¶

[093] Names of Persons and Places — search_relationships.py likewise classifies G2424 in the broad onomastic domain of personal names.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
Jesus	804	86.0%
of Jesus	76	8.1%
when Jesus	22	2.4%
Jesus'	10	1.1%
that Jesus	9	1.0%
JESUS (all caps)	6	0.6%
When Jesus	6	0.6%
to Jesus	6	0.6%
unto Jesus	6	0.6%
with Jesus	2	0.2%
Other forms (each 1v)	7	0.7%

Essentially all renderings preserve the personal name "Jesus" with only preposition/article variations. The all-caps "JESUS" form appears in Luke's annunciation/naming narratives (Luk 1:31; 2:21) where the angel declares the name.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Philemon	7	28.0
John	243	27.6
2 Thessalonians	11	23.4
1 Thessalonians	15	16.9
Matthew	170	15.9
2 Timothy	13	15.7
2 John	2	15.4
Mark	90	13.3
2 Peter	8	13.1
Ephesians	20	12.9
1 Timothy	13	11.5
1 John	12	11.4
Galatians	16	10.7
1 Peter	10	9.5
Romans	38	8.8
Titus	4	8.7
Colossians	8	8.4
Luke	95	8.3
Acts	67	6.7
2 Corinthians	16	6.2
1 Corinthians	24	5.5
Hebrews	14	4.6
Revelation	12	3.0
James	2	1.9
Jude	4	(included)

Pattern notes: Highest density in John (27.6/100) reflects its sustained Christological narrative; Philemon's small size inflates its ratio. The Synoptic-plus-John cluster carries narrative use; Pauline epistles maintain steady density via epistolary greetings ("Lord Jesus Christ"). Absent from Revelation's heavenly court scenes relative to its length, where "Lamb" (ἀρνίον) predominates. Never appears in OT (NT-only word).

Semantic Categories¶

1. The Personal Name of the Messiah (Gospel Narrative)¶

Mat 1:21 — "thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins" (etymological gloss)
Luk 2:21 — "his name was called JESUS, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived"
Mar 1:9 — "Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan"
Jhn 1:29 — "John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God"

2. Compound Title "Jesus Christ" / "Christ Jesus" (Messianic Identification)¶

Mat 1:1 — "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David"
Rom 1:1 — "Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle"
1Ti 1:12 — "I thank Christ Jesus our Lord, who hath enabled me"
Rev 1:1 — "The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him"

3. Compound Title "Lord Jesus" / "Lord Jesus Christ" (Exalted Address)¶

Act 1:21 — "all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us"
1Co 1:3 — "Grace be unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ"
Phm 1:3 — "Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ"
2Th 1:7 — "when the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels"

4. Jesus as Object of Faith, Knowledge, Confession¶

Jhn 1:17 — "grace and truth came by Jesus Christ"
1Jo 1:7 — "the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin"
2Jo 1:7 — "who confess not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh"
Heb 3:1 — "consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus"

5. OT Bearers of the Name (Joshua / Jeshua)¶

Act 7:45 — "which also our fathers... brought in with Jesus [= Joshua] into the possession of the Gentiles"
Heb 4:8 — "For if Jesus [= Joshua] had given them rest, then would he not afterward have spoken of another day"
(Only two NT references apply the Greek form to Joshua son of Nun.)

6. Other Persons Named Jesus¶

Col 4:11 — "Jesus, which is called Justus" (a Jewish Christian co-worker of Paul)
Mat 27:16-17 — some mss. "Jesus Barabbas"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
Χριστός (Christos)	G5547	258x (28%)	"Jesus Christ" / "Christ Jesus"
ἔπω / λέγω (speak/say)	G2036 / G3004	237x + 220x	"Jesus said unto them" (narrative speech)
θεός (theos)	G2316	202x (22%)	"Jesus... of God" / "God and the Lord Jesus"
κύριος (kyrios)	G2962	181x (19%)	"Lord Jesus" / "Lord Jesus Christ"
πᾶς (pas)	G3956	113x (12%)	"all that Jesus..." / universal scope statements
ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai)	G611	105x (11%)	"Jesus answered and said" (gospel dialogue)
ἔρχομαι (erchomai)	G2064	104x (11%)	"Jesus came" (movement narrative)
πατήρ (pater)	G3962	75x (8%)	"God our Father and the Lord Jesus" (epistolary greeting)
ποιέω (poieo)	G4160	70x (7%)	"Jesus did" / "which Jesus had done"
μαθητής (mathētēs)	G3101	69x (7%)	"Jesus... his disciples"
υἱός (huios)	G5207	68x (7%)	"Jesus the Son of God" / "Son of man"
πνεῦμα (pneuma)	G4151	52x (6%)	"Spirit of Jesus" / Jesus acting by Spirit
χάρις (charis)	G5485	52x (6%)	"grace of the Lord Jesus Christ" (benedictions)
πιστεύω (pisteuo)	G4100	45x (5%)	"believe on / in Jesus"

Word Family / Hebrew Source¶

H3091 יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yehoshua) — original full form, "YHWH is salvation"; 185 LXX co-occurrences
H3442 יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua) — post-exilic contraction; 28 co-occurrences (the direct vocalic source of Ἰησοῦς)
H3467 יָשַׁע (yasha) — root verb, "to save, deliver" (implicit semantic anchor)
G4991 σωτηρία (sōtēria) — "salvation" (cognate theological field; explicit wordplay in Mat 1:21)
G4990 σωτήρ (sōtēr) — "Saviour" (Jesus titled so in Luk 2:11; Jhn 4:42; Tit 2:13; 2Pe 1:1)

Synonyms¶

G5617 Ὡσηέ (Hōsēé) — Osee / Hosea; surfaced by search_relationships.py as another Hebrew-derived NT personal name in the same onomastic field, not as an interchangeable referent.
G2216 Ζοροβαβέλ (Zorobábel) — Zorobabel / Zerubbabel; likewise grouped in the relationship dataset as a Hebrew-derived proper name rather than a semantic substitute for Ἰησοῦς.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for G2424.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
αὐτός (autos)	G846	KJV occasionally renders the personal pronoun as "Jesus" for clarity (1v each)	autos = "he/him/same"; supplies the antecedent's name but is not itself the name
Χριστός (Christos)	G5547	Fused in compound titles; some KJV passages use "Christ" alone where Greek has Ἰησοῦς or vice versa	Christos = "Anointed One" (title/office); Iēsous = personal name
Ἰησοῦς (= Joshua)	G2424	Same Greek form used for OT Joshua in Act 7:45; Heb 4:8	Context distinguishes the OT conqueror from the NT Messiah
Ἰησοῦς (= Jeshua/Justus)	G2424	Col 4:11 refers to a different Christian named Jesus	Context clarifies; qualifier "Justus" distinguishes

Hebrew Source (via LXX and Name Transliteration)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occ	Score	Notes
יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yehoshua)	H3091	185	34.31	Primary — LXX standard rendering; full theophoric form "YHWH saves"
יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua)	H3442	28	22.20	Post-exilic short form; direct phonetic source of Ἰησοῦς
נוּן (Nun)	H5126	28	22.03	Co-occurs as "Joshua son of Nun" — collocation artifact
קַדְמִיאֵל (Kadmiel)	H6934	8	14.59	Post-exilic priest list companion to Jeshua (Ezr/Neh)
זְרֻבָּבֶל (Zerubbabel)	H2216	11	14.36	Paired with High Priest Jeshua in Ezr/Neh/Hag/Zec
יְפֻנֶּה (Jephunneh)	H3312	9	13.38	Caleb's father — co-occurs in Joshua/Caleb narratives
שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל (Shealtiel)	H7597	7	13.06	Zerubbabel's father — co-occurs in post-exilic lists
יְהוֹצָדָק (Jehozadak)	H3087	6	12.12	Father of High Priest Jeshua (post-exilic)
יוֹצָדָק (Jozadak)	H3136	5	11.90	Short form of the same father's name