H120 — אָדַם (adam)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H120
Original: אָדַם
Transliteration: adam
Pronunciation: aw-dam
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Root: Lexicon derives from the ruddy/red word group; root field was not populated in gatherer output.
Occurrences: 526 unique verses (575 tokens) in OT
Books: 33
First Occurrence: Gen 1:26 — "Let us make man in our image..."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

Ruddy, i.e. a human being, whether an individual or the species/mankind:—another, hypocrite, common sort, low, man, person.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
of man	146	27.8%
man	107	20.3%
of men	53	10.1%
a man	38	7.2%
men	33	6.3%
of a man	18	3.4%
the man	17	3.2%
man's	11	2.1%
men's	10	1.9%
Adam	8	1.5%
person/persons	4	0.8%
low / mean man / common sort	4	0.8%
Other bound forms	77	14.6%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Ecclesiastes	43	19.4
Ezekiel	130	10.2
Jonah	3	6.2
Habakkuk	3	5.4
Micah	5	4.8
Proverbs	43	4.7
Genesis	38	2.5
Psalms	62	2.5
Job	26	2.4
Isaiah	27	2.1
Jeremiah	29	2.1
Leviticus	15	1.7
Numbers	22	1.7
Exodus	14	1.2
Other books	91	varies

Ezekiel has the largest raw count and Ecclesiastes the highest density, reflecting repeated address/formula usage in Ezekiel and concentrated reflection on human life in Ecclesiastes.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Humanity as Species / Mankind¶

Gen 1:26-27 — "Let us make man... male and female created he them."
Gen 6:5 — "the wickedness of man was great in the earth."
Deut 4:32 — "since the day that God created man upon the earth."

2. Individual Human Person¶

Lev 1:2 — "If any man of you bring an offering..."
1Ki 8:38-39 — "any man... every man according to his ways."
Mal 3:8 — "Will a man rob God?"

3. Human Physicality and Life-Boundary¶

Gen 2:7 — "the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground."
Gen 3:19 — "dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return."
Job 5:7 — "man is born unto trouble."

4. Human Beings Paired with Animals¶

Exo 8:17 — lice are "upon man, and upon beast."
Num 8:17 — firstborn "both man and beast."
Jon 3:8 — "let man and beast be covered with sackcloth."

5. Human Limitation before God¶

1Sa 15:29 — "he is not a man, that he should repent."
Isa 2:11 — "the lofty looks of man shall be humbled."
Eze 28:2 — "thou art a man, and not God."

6. Generic Social/Legal Category¶

Lev 5:3-4 — uncleanness or oath involving "a man."
Num 5:6 — "When a man or woman shall commit any sin..."
Lamentations 3:36 — "To subvert a man in his cause..."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
בֵּן (ben)	H1121	178x	"son of man"/human descendants
יְהֹוָה (YHWH)	H3068	110x	humanity in relation to divine speech/action
אִישׁ (ish)	H376	71x	overlapping individual-person vocabulary
אֶרֶץ (erets)	H776	70x	man on/in the earth/land
אֱלֹהִים (elohim)	H430	68x	God and man contrast or relation
בְּהֵמָה (behemah)	H929	63x	"man and beast" pair
עָשָׂה (asah)	H6213	62x	making/doing among humans
יִשְׂרָאֵל (Israel)	H3478	60x	humans within Israelite context
פָּנִים (paniym)	H6440	52x	face/presence before persons or God
נָתַן (nathan)	H5414	49x	give/set/place in human contexts

Word Family / Cognates¶

H121 אָדָם (Adam) — proper name Adam.
H119 אָדַם (adam) — to be red/ruddy.
H127 אֲדָמָה (adamah) — ground/land/soil.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
אִישׁ (ish)	H376	man, a man, men	More often individual male/person/husband; H120 can denote mankind/species.
אֱנוֹשׁ (enosh)	H582	man, of man	Often emphasizes mortal/frail human; lower count than H120.
גֶּבֶר (geber)	H1397	man, a man	Often male/strong man/warrior nuance.
נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh)	H5315	person/persons	Living being/person-life term, not the species noun.
ἄνθρωπος (anthropos)	G444	man, men, mankind	Primary Greek equivalent in LXX/NT.

Semantic Domains¶

[001002007] People — human/person vocabulary.
[003001007] Names of People — proper-name/person overlap in lexical database.

LXX Mapping¶

Greek Equivalent	Co-occurrences	PMI	Notes
ἄνθρωπος (anthropos) G444	456	4.38	Dominant Greek equivalent for human/person/mankind.
Ἀδάμ (Adam) G76	18	5.05	Proper-name bridge for Adam contexts.
θνητός (thnetos) G2349	3	5.05	Mortal adjective in limited mapped contexts.
ἀνθρώπινος (anthropinos) G442	4	4.65	Human/adjectival bridge.