G3107 — μακάριος (makários)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G3107
Original: μακάριος
Transliteration: makários
Pronunciation: mak-ar'-ee-os
Part of Speech: Adjective
Occurrences: 49 unique verses (50 tokens) across 11 NT books
First Occurrence: Matt 5:3 — "Blessed [are] the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

A prolonged form of the poetical μάκαρ (mákar, meaning the same); supremely blessed, fortunate, well-off, happy.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 25.011 — Happy, Glad, Joyful
Parent Domain: 25 — Attitudes and Emotions
Other words in subdomain: ἀγαλλίασις (G20), ἀγαλλιάω (G21), ἀσμένως (G780), εὐφραίνω (G2165), εὐφροσύνη (G2167), ἡδέως (G2234), ἱλαρός (G2431), ἱλαρότης (G2432), μακαρίζω (G3106)

Domain Neighbors (25.011 — Happy, Glad, Joyful)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Total Verses	Primary KJV Translation(s)
G20	ἀγαλλίασις	4	gladness, exceeding joy
G21	ἀγαλλιάω	4	rejoiced, be exceeding glad
G780	ἀσμένως	2	gladly
G2165	εὐφραίνω	5	rejoice
G2167	εὐφροσύνη	2	gladness, joy
G2234	ἡδέως	3	gladly
G2431	ἱλαρός	1	cheerful
G2432	ἱλαρότης	1	cheerfulness
G3106	μακαρίζω	3	blessed, shall call
G3108	μακαρισμός	3	blessedness

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
Blessed/blessed	42	85.7%
happy	4	8.2%
Happy	1	2.0%
happier	1	2.0%
that blessed	1	2.0%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Titus	1	2.2
James	2	1.9
1 Peter	2	1.9
1 Timothy	2	1.8
Revelation	7	1.7
Matthew	13	1.2
Luke	14	1.2
Romans	3	0.7
Acts	2	0.2
John	2	0.2
1 Corinthians	1	0.2

Concentrated in the Synoptic Gospels (27 of 49 occurrences, 55%) and Revelation (7 occurrences, 14%). The Sermon on the Mount / Sermon on the Plain accounts for 9+4 = 13 occurrences alone. Absent from the bulk of the Pauline epistles and the General Epistles (except James, 1 Peter). Revelation's 7 beatitudes form a distinct literary pattern.

Morphological Distribution¶

Overwhelmingly nominative (predicate adjective in beatitude formula). Breakdown by case/number/gender:

Form	Case-Number-Gender	Count
μακάριοι	Nom Pl M	28
μακάριος	Nom Sg M	16
μακαρία	Nom Sg F	2
μακάριαι	Nom Pl F	1
μακάριον	Nom Sg N	1
μακάριον	Acc Sg M	1
μακαρίου	Gen Sg M	1
μακαριωτέρα	Nom Sg F (comparative)	1

The nominative accounts for 48 of 50 tokens (96%), reflecting the word's characteristic use in declarative beatitude pronouncements.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Beatitude Pronouncements — Spiritual Reversal¶

Formulaic declarations that those in disadvantaged or humble conditions are blessed, because God will reverse their situation. - Matt 5:3 — "Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven." - Matt 5:4 — "Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted." - Luke 6:20 — "Blessed be ye poor: for yours is the kingdom of God." - Luke 6:21 — "Blessed are ye that hunger now: for ye shall be filled."

2. Blessedness in Persecution and Suffering¶

Those enduring persecution, reproach, or trial for the sake of Christ or righteousness are pronounced blessed. - Matt 5:10 — "Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake." - Matt 5:11 — "Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you." - 1 Pet 3:14 — "But and if ye suffer for righteousness' sake, happy are ye." - 1 Pet 4:14 — "If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye."

3. Blessedness of Faithful Servants — Watchfulness and Obedience¶

Those found faithfully serving, watching, or obeying when the Lord comes. - Matt 24:46 — "Blessed is that servant, whom his lord when he cometh shall find so doing." - Luke 12:37 — "Blessed are those servants, whom the lord when he cometh shall find watching." - Rev 16:15 — "Blessed is he that watcheth, and keepeth his garments." - Rev 22:14 — "Blessed are they that do his commandments."

4. Blessedness of Spiritual Perception — Seeing, Hearing, Believing¶

Those who perceive what God is doing, or who believe without physical evidence. - Matt 13:16 — "But blessed are your eyes, for they see: and your ears, for they hear." - Matt 16:17 — "Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it." - John 20:29 — "Blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed." - Luke 1:45 — "Blessed is she that believed."

5. Blessedness of Forgiveness — Sins Covered¶

Psalm 32 quotation applying the OT beatitude formula to forgiveness. - Rom 4:7 — "Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered." - Rom 4:8 — "Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin."

6. Divine Attribute — "The Blessed God"¶

Applied to God himself as an intrinsic quality, not a pronounced state. - 1 Tim 1:11 — "the glorious gospel of the blessed God" - 1 Tim 6:15 — "the blessed and only Potentate, the King of kings"

7. Revelation's Seven Beatitudes¶

A distinct literary cycle of seven pronouncements across the book. - Rev 1:3 — "Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy." - Rev 14:13 — "Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth." - Rev 19:9 — "Blessed are they which are called unto the marriage supper of the Lamb." - Rev 20:6 — "Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
θεός (theos)	G2316	12x (24%)	"kingdom of God" in beatitude reward clauses; "the blessed God"
κύριος (kyrios)	G2962	9x (18%)	"the Lord" as agent of blessing or return — "whom his lord shall find"
ἔρχομαι (erchomai)	G2064	7x (14%)	Parousia watchfulness — "when he cometh"
ἀκούω (akouo)	G191	5x (10%)	"hear the word of God" / "hear the words of this prophecy"
λόγος (logos)	G3056	5x (10%)	"word of God" / "words of this prophecy" paired with hearing
βασιλεία (basileia)	G932	4x (8%)	"kingdom of heaven/God" as reward in beatitudes
δοῦλος (doulos)	G1401	4x (8%)	"blessed is that servant" — faithful-servant parables
οὐρανός (ouranos)	G3772	4x (8%)	"kingdom of heaven" in Matthean beatitudes
πνεῦμα (pneuma)	G4151	4x (8%)	"poor in spirit"; "spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you"

Word Family / Cognates¶

G3106 μακαρίζω (makarizo) — verb: to pronounce blessed, count happy (3v — Luke 1:48, James 5:11)
G3108 μακαρισμός (makarismos) — noun: blessedness, the state of being blessed (3v — Rom 4:6, 4:9, Gal 4:15)

Synonyms¶

G2128 εὐλογητός (eulogetos) — blessed, praised (of God); 8v — focuses on praise/worship directed toward God ("Blessed be the God and Father"), whereas makarios describes a state of well-being pronounced upon persons

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
εὐλογέω (eulogeo)	G2127	"blessed" (17v)	eulogeo = to speak well of, invoke blessing upon; active bestowal. makarios = a state declared to already exist
εὐλογητός (eulogetos)	G2128	"blessed" (8v)	eulogetos = worthy of praise, applied exclusively to God. makarios = fortunate condition, applied to persons (and to God in 1 Tim)
בָּרַךְ (barak)	H1288	"blessed" (85v OT)	barak = to kneel, bless — relational act of bestowing/receiving. makarios corresponds to H835 esher — the state of happiness resulting from God's favor
אֶשֶׁר (esher)	H835	"blessed" (26v OT)	esher is the direct Hebrew equivalent — exclamatory beatitude "O the happiness of!" Both are state-descriptions, not acts

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score
אֶשֶׁר (esher)	H835	38	32.98
גֶּבֶר (geber)	H1397	4	8.28
אָדַם (adam)	H120	7	6.13
תָּמִיד (tamiyd)	H8548	3	5.63
חׇכְמָה (chokmah)	H2451	3	5.01

H835 esher is the dominant Hebrew source with a very high PMI score of 32.98 across 38 co-occurrences — a near one-to-one LXX bridge. The LXX translators consistently rendered the OT beatitude formula with makarios.