G1632 — ἐκχέω (ekchéō)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G1632
Original: ἐκχέω
Transliteration: ekchéō
Pronunciation: ek-kheh'-o
Part of Speech: Verb
Root: From ἐκ (ek, "out of") + χέω (cheō, "to pour")
Occurrences: 28 unique verses in NT across 9 books
First Occurrence: Mat 9:17 — "the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From ἐκ (out of) and χέω (to pour); to pour forth; figuratively, to bestow, shed forth, spill, or gush out. Used of liquids (wine, water, blood), of the Spirit poured out as a gift, of wrath poured from vials in judgment, and of love shed abroad in the heart. Encompasses both literal outpouring and figurative lavish distribution.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Primary domain: 47.4 — Activities Involving Liquids or Masses / Movement of Liquids or Masses
Secondary domains: 23.112 (Live, Die / shedding of blood); 59.65 (Abundance / pour out lavishly); 20 (Violence, Harm, Destroy, Kill — shed blood); 15.135 (Linear Movement / disperse)
Other words in domain 47.1 (Movement of Liquids): ἀντλέω (G0501, draw water), βάλλω (G0906, throw/pour), ἐπιχέω (G2022, pour upon), καταχέω (G2708, pour down), κεράννυμι (G2767, mix), πρόσχυσις (G4378, sprinkling)

UBS Semantic Domains¶

search_relationships.py also places G1632 in these broader UBS domains:

047 — Activities Involving Liquids or Masses
015 — Linear Movement
059 — Quantity
090 — Case
014 — Physical Events and States
068 — Aspect
041 — Behavior and Related States
020 — Violence, Harm, Destroy, Kill
023 — Physiological Processes and States

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
poured out / was poured out / pour out	10	35.7%
is shed / was shed / he shed / to shed / they have shed	10	35.7%
I will pour out	2	7.1%
be spilled / is spilled	2	7.1%
he hath shed forth	1	3.6%
is shed abroad	1	3.6%
gushed out	1	3.6%
ran greedily after	1	3.6%
runneth out	1	3.6%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Revelation	9	2.2
Acts	6	0.6
Matthew	3	0.3
Luke	3	0.3
Mark	2	0.3
Romans	2	0.5
Titus	1	2.2
John	1	0.1
Jude	1	—

Pattern: Heavily concentrated in Revelation (bowls of wrath, 32% of all uses) and Acts (Spirit outpouring narratives, 21%). Present in all four Gospels and in Pauline writings. The word spans every major NT genre: narrative (Gospels/Acts), apocalyptic (Revelation), and epistolary (Romans, Titus, Jude). No occurrences in the General Epistles apart from Jude.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Christ's Blood Shed for Atonement¶

The Last Supper formula and the blood of the new covenant. - Mat 26:28 — "this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins" - Mark 14:24 — "This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many" - Luke 22:20 — "This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you"

2. Outpouring of the Holy Spirit¶

Eschatological and Pentecostal gift-language; the Spirit as a liquid poured from heaven. - Acts 2:17 — "I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh" - Acts 2:18 — "on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit" - Acts 2:33 — "he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear" - Acts 10:45 — "on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Ghost" - Tit 3:6 — "Which he shed on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Saviour"

3. Wrath Poured from Vials (Apocalyptic Judgment)¶

The seven bowl plagues of Revelation 16 — the most concentrated cluster in the NT. - Rev 16:1 — "pour out the vials of the wrath of God upon the earth" - Rev 16:2–4, 8, 10, 12, 17 — each angel in turn "poured out his vial" on earth, sea, rivers, sun, throne, Euphrates, air

4. Violent Shedding of Innocent Blood¶

Martyrdom and murder — blood of prophets, righteous Abel, Stephen. - Mat 23:35 — "all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel" - Luke 11:50 — "the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the foundation of the world" - Acts 22:20 — "when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed" - Rom 3:15 — "Their feet are swift to shed blood" - Rev 16:6 — "they have shed the blood of saints and prophets"

5. Love Poured into the Heart¶

A metaphorical outpouring of divine love via the Spirit. - Rom 5:5 — "the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost"

6. Spilled or Gushed Liquid (Literal, Non-Theological)¶

Ordinary physical spilling — wine, bowels, money. - Mat 9:17 — "the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish" - Mark 2:22 — "the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred" - Luke 5:37 — "the new wine will burst the bottles, and be spilled" - John 2:15 — "poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables" - Acts 1:18 — "he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out"

7. Figurative "Running After" in Error¶

A Septuagintal idiom for rushing headlong into sin — "poured out" in the sense of abandoning self to something. - Jude 1:11 — "ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
αἷμα (haima, blood)	G0129	10x (36%)	"blood shed/poured out" (Last Supper, martyrs, Rev 16:6)
φιάλη (phialē, vial/bowl)	G5357	8x (29%)	"poured out his vial" (Rev 16 wrath cycle)
ἄγγελος (angelos, angel)	G0032	7x (25%)	"the angel poured out" (Rev 16 agents)
γίνομαι (ginomai, become)	G1096	6x (21%)	consequence verb following outpouring
καινός (kainos, new)	G2537	5x (18%)	"new covenant / new wine" (Supper + wineskins)
πνεῦμα (pneuma, spirit)	G4151	5x (18%)	"Spirit poured out" (Acts 2, 10; Titus 3)
ἅγιος (hagios, holy)	G0040	4x (14%)	"Holy Spirit poured out"
ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi, perish)	G0622	4x (14%)	bottles/wine perishing when poured
οἶνος (oinos, wine)	G3631	3x (11%)	"new wine" parable (Mat/Mark/Luke)
διαθήκη (diathēkē, covenant)	G1242	3x (11%)	"blood of the new covenant"
νέος (neos, young/new)	G3501	3x (11%)	"new wine" (paired with kainos)
ἀσκός (askos, wineskin)	G0779	3x (11%)	wineskin parable
ναός (naos, temple)	G3485	3x (11%)	voice "from the temple" (Rev 16 bowl cycle)

Word Family / Cognates¶

χέω (cheō) — root verb: to pour (not independently attested in NT)
ἐπιχέω (epicheō) G2022 — to pour upon (Luk 10:34, Good Samaritan)
καταχέω (katacheō) G2708 — to pour down (Mat 26:7; Mark 14:3, anointing)
αἱματεκχυσία (haimatekchysia) G0130 — shedding of blood (Heb 9:22) — compound of αἷμα + ἔκχυσις (noun form of ekcheō)
πρόσχυσις (proschysis) G4378 — sprinkling (Heb 11:28, Passover)

Synonyms¶

search_relationships.py surfaced no dedicated synonym set for G1632 beyond the pouring verbs already represented in the cognate and overlap material.

Antonyms¶

search_relationships.py surfaced no dedicated antonym pair for G1632.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
βάλλω (ballō)	G0906	"pour/cast"	ballō = throw or cast (general); ekcheō = specifically pour a liquid
ἐπιχέω (epicheō)	G2022	"pour"	epicheō = pour upon/on (directional); ekcheō = pour out (emptying)
καταχέω (katacheō)	G2708	"pour"	katacheō = pour down over (anointing); ekcheō = pour out / discharge
κεράννυμι (kerannymi)	G2767	"mingle, pour"	kerannymi = mix by pouring (Rev 14:10 mixed in wrath); ekcheō = pour out entirely
ἀντλέω (antleō)	G0501	"draw (water)"	antleō = draw out (Jhn 2:8); ekcheō = pour out the drawn liquid

Hebrew Source (LXX Reverse Mapping)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score	Notes
שָׁפַךְ (shaphak)	H8210	99	7.46	Primary bridge — "spill, pour out" blood/wrath/spirit
דָּם (dam)	H1818	49	5.04	"Blood" — collocation of shaphak + dam
יְסוֹד (yesod)	H3247	9	6.47	"Foundation" — blood poured at altar base
נָקִי (naqi)	H5355	10	5.55	"Innocent" — as in "innocent blood shed"
חֵמָה (chemah)	H2534	15	4.66	"Wrath, hot fury" — wrath poured out
קֶרֶן (qeren)	H7161	8	4.65	"Horn" of altar — blood applied/poured at horns
סֹלְלָה (solelah)	H5550	4	6.16	"Siege mound" — earth poured up
זַעַם (zaam)	H2195	4	5.23	"Indignation" — poured out as wrath

Dominant bridge: shaphak (H8210) → ekcheō (G1632). The LXX uses ekcheō to translate shaphak overwhelmingly, carrying across its triad of uses: literal spilling of liquid, shedding of blood (violence/sacrifice), and outpouring of Spirit or wrath.