G3631 — οἶνος (oinos)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G3631
Original: οἶνος
Transliteration: oinos
Pronunciation: oy'-nos
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Root: Primary word (possibly of Hebrew origin, cf. H3196 yayin)
Occurrences: 33 tokens in 25 unique verses across 9 books
First Occurrence: Mat 9:17 — "Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

A primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin); "wine" (literally or figuratively).

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain 006.019: Plant Products
Other words in domain: γλεῦκος (G1098, sweet wine), ἔλαιον (G1637, olive oil), ὄξος (G3690, sour wine/wine vinegar), σίκερα (G4608, beer/strong drink)
Domain 006.020: Medicines
Other words in domain: κολλούριον (G2854, eye salve), σμυρνίζω (G4669, myrrhed wine)

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
wine	23	92.0%
winepress	1	4.0%
with wine	1	4.0%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Titus	1	2.2
Revelation	8	2.0
1 Timothy	2	1.8
Ephesians	1	0.6
John	4	0.5
Luke	5	0.4
Mark	2	0.3
Romans	1	0.2
Matthew	1	0.1

Revelation has the highest raw count (8), with heavy concentration in chapters 14-19. The Gospels use oinos primarily in narrative (Cana, new wine/old wineskins), while the Pastoral Epistles address conduct (not given to much wine). Notably absent from Acts, Hebrews, the General Epistles, and all Pauline letters except Romans and Ephesians.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Literal Beverage (Everyday/Medicinal)¶

Luk 10:34 — "bound up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine"
1Ti 5:23 — "use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities"
Rev 6:6 — "three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine"
Rev 18:13 — "wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat" (trade commodity)

2. New Wine / New Wineskins (Parabolic)¶

Mat 9:17 — "Neither do men put new wine into old bottles... but they put new wine into new bottles"
Mar 2:22 — "no man putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine doth burst the bottles"
Luk 5:37-38 — "new wine will burst the bottles, and be spilled... new wine must be put into new bottles"

3. Miraculous Provision¶

Jhn 2:3 — "when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine"
Jhn 2:9-10 — "the water that was made wine... Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine"
Jhn 4:46 — "where he made the water wine"

4. Abstinence / Temperance¶

Luk 1:15 — "shall drink neither wine nor strong drink" (John the Baptist)
Luk 7:33 — "John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine"
Eph 5:18 — "be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit"
Rom 14:21 — "good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor any thing whereby thy brother stumbleth"

5. Qualification for Church Office¶

1Ti 3:8 — "not given to much wine" (deacons)
Tit 2:3 — "not given to much wine" (aged women)

6. Babylon's Wine of Fornication / God's Wrath¶

Rev 14:8 — "she made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication"
Rev 14:10 — "shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture"
Rev 16:19 — "the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath"
Rev 17:2 — "the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication"
Rev 18:3 — "all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication"
Rev 19:15 — "he treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty God"

7. Suffering / Crucifixion¶

Mar 15:23 — "they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
πίνω (pino)	G4095	6x	"drink wine" — drinking as the associated action
θυμός (thumos)	G2372	5x	"wine of the wrath (thumos)" — exclusively in Revelation
ἀσκός (askos)	G0779	4x	"wine into wineskins" — new wine/old wineskins parable
ἔθνος (ethnos)	G1484	4x	"all nations... wine" — Babylon makes nations drink
νέος (neos)	G3501	4x	"new wine" — the new wine that bursts old wineskins
ὀργή (orge)	G3709	3x	"wine of the wrath" — in God's judgment passages
πορνεία (porneia)	G4202	3x	"wine of fornication" — Babylon's intoxicating influence
μέγας (megas)	G3173	3x	"great city / great Babylon" — context of judgment wine
ἔλαιον (elaion)	G1637	3x	"oil and wine" — paired as staple goods
καινός (kainos)	G2537	3x	"new bottles" — paired with new wine in parable

Domain Neighbors (Louw-Nida 006.019 — Plant Products)¶

Word	Strong's	Total Verses	Primary KJV Translation	Key Difference
γλεῦκος (gleukos)	G1098	1	new wine / sweet wine	Fresh grape juice; used only at Pentecost (Acts 2:13)
ἔλαιον (elaion)	G1637	11	oil	Olive oil, not a fermented drink; often paired with oinos
ὄξος (oxos)	G3690	6	vinegar	Sour/cheap wine vinegar; given at the cross
σίκερα (sikera)	G4608	1	strong drink	Any fermented drink other than grape wine; Lk 1:15 only
σμυρνίζω (smyrnizo)	G4669	1	mingled with myrrh	Wine mixed with myrrh as anesthetic; Mk 15:23 only

Synonyms¶

No direct synonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for G3631.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms returned by search_relationships.py for G3631.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
יַיִן (yayin)	H3196	wine (OT)	Hebrew equivalent; primary OT word for fermented grape wine
חֲמַר (chamar)	A2562	wine (Aramaic)	Aramaic word for wine; Dan 5:1-4 only
תִּירוֹשׁ (tirosh)	H8492	wine / new wine (OT)	Fresh/unfermented grape juice; emphasis on harvest blessing

UBS Semantic Domains¶

Code	Domain Label	Notes
006	Artifacts	`search_relationships.py` groups oinos with concrete material-goods vocabulary, matching its treatment as a stored commodity, traded product, and poured substance in both ordinary and judgment contexts.

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score
יַיִן (yayin)	H3196	115	33.06
תִּירוֹשׁ (tirosh)	H8492	37	25.51
שֵׁכָר (shekar)	H7941	17	20.14
שָׁתָה (shathah)	H8354	41	18.06
חֲמַר (chamar)	A2562	6	13.72

The primary Hebrew source is yayin (H3196), the standard OT word for wine, with 115 LXX co-occurrences. Tirosh (H8492, new/fresh wine) is the second most common mapping.