G2631 — κατάκριμα (katakrima)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G2631
Original: κατάκριμα
Transliteration: katakrima
Pronunciation: kat-ak'-ree-mah
Part of Speech: Neuter noun
Root: From κατά (kata, G2596, "down/against") + κρίμα (krima, G2917, "judgment/verdict") — an intensified adverse verdict
Occurrences: 3 verses (3 tokens) in NT
First Occurrence: Rom 5:16 — "for the judgment was by one to condemnation"
Hapax Legomenon: No (3 occurrences, but all in Romans)

Lexicon Definition¶

From G2632 (katakrinō); an adverse sentence (the verdict): — condemnation.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 56 — Courts and Legal Procedures
Subdomain: 56.005 — Judge, Condemn, Acquit
Other words in subdomain: δικαιόω (dikaioo, G1344), δικαίωμα (dikaioma, G1345), δικαίωσις (dikaiosis, G1347), κρίμα (krima, G2917), κρίσις (krisis, G2920), καταδικάζω (katadikazo, G2613), δικαστής (dikastes, G1348)

Domain Neighbors (56.005 — Judge, Condemn, Acquit)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Total vv	Primary KJV Translation(s)
G610	ἀπόκριμα	1	sentence
G1231	διαγινώσκω	2	enquire
G1341	δικαιοκρισία	1	righteous judgment
G1344	δικαιόω	17	justified
G1345	δικαίωμα	7	ordinances, righteousness
G1347	δικαίωσις	2	justification
G1348	δικαστής	3	a judge
G2613	καταδικάζω	3	condemned
G2917	κρίμα	24	judgment, condemnation

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
condemnation	3	100%

Uniformly translated "condemnation" in every occurrence. No translation ambiguity.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Romans	3	0.7

Exclusive to Romans, all within the Adam-Christ typology of ch. 5 and its application in ch. 8. Absent from all other NT books.

Morphological Distribution¶

Reference	Form	Parsing
Rom 5:16	κατάκριμα	Accusative Singular Neuter
Rom 5:18	κατάκριμα	Accusative Singular Neuter
Rom 8:1	κατάκριμα	Nominative Singular Neuter

In Rom 5:16 and 5:18 the word is the goal of a prepositional phrase (εἰς κατάκριμα — "unto condemnation"). In Rom 8:1 it stands as a subject complement: "no condemnation."

Semantic Categories¶

1. The Judicial Verdict Resulting from Adam's Transgression¶

Rom 5:16 — "for the judgment was by one to condemnation (katakrima), but the free gift is of many offences unto justification"
Rom 5:18 — "as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation (katakrima); even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life"

In both verses katakrima names the adverse judicial outcome that followed from Adam's single act. It is the sentence pronounced, not the act of judging itself (which is krima/krisis).

2. The Sentence from Which Believers Are Freed¶

Rom 8:1 — "There is therefore now no condemnation (katakrima) to them which are in Christ Jesus"

Here katakrima is negated. The entire force of the word — the adverse verdict that stood over humanity from Adam — is declared absent for those "in Christ Jesus." The negation (ouden) is categorical: not reduced condemnation but none at all.

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
δικαίωσις (dikaiosis)	G1347	1x (33%)	Direct antithesis: εἰς κατάκριμα ... εἰς δικαίωσιν (Rom 5:18)
κρίμα (krima)	G2917	1x (33%)	Judgment-to-condemnation sequence: τὸ κρίμα ... εἰς κατάκριμα (Rom 5:16)
χάρισμα (charisma)	G5486	1x (33%)	Gift contrasted with condemnation (Rom 5:16)
δώρημα (dorema)	G1434	1x (33%)	"the gift" vs. "condemnation" (Rom 5:16)
ζωή (zoe)	G2222	1x (33%)	δικαίωσιν ζωῆς set against katakrima (Rom 5:18)
Χριστός (Christos)	G5547	1x (33%)	"in Christ Jesus" — the sphere of no-condemnation (Rom 8:1)
πνεῦμα (pneuma)	G4151	1x (33%)	Spirit-walk context of no-condemnation (Rom 8:1)
σάρξ (sarx)	G4561	1x (33%)	Flesh-walk context from which katakrima comes (Rom 8:1)

Word Family / Cognates¶

G2596 κατά (kata) — preposition: down, against (intensifying prefix)
G2917 κρίμα (krima) — judgment, verdict (the base noun)
G2919 κρίνω (krino) — to judge, decide (root verb)
G2920 κρίσις (krisis) — judgment, the act/process of judging
G2632 κατακρίνω (katakrino) — to condemn, judge against (the verb from which katakrima derives)
G2633 κατάκρισις (katakrisis) — condemnation as an act/process (2 Cor 3:9, 7:3)

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
κρίμα (krima)	G2917	condemnation (4x KJV)	krima is a neutral verdict — can be favorable or adverse; katakrima is always the adverse sentence
κρίσις (krisis)	G2920	condemnation (2x KJV)	krisis is the process/act of judging; katakrima is the fixed result — the sentence already rendered
ὑπόκρισις (hupokrisis)	G5272	condemnation (1x KJV)	hupokrisis means hypocrisy/pretense; entirely different semantic field — shared translation is misleading
κατάκρισις (katakrisis)	G2633	condemnation (2x KJV)	katakrisis is the act of condemning (process); katakrima is the sentence pronounced (product)

Hebrew Source¶

No Hebrew sources found via LXX mapping. This word is a distinctly Pauline coinage with no OT Greek precedent.