H7677 — שַׁבָּתוֹן (shabbâthôwn)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H7677
Original: שַׁבָּתוֹן
Transliteration: shabbâthôwn
Pronunciation: shab-baw-thone
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Root: H7676 שַׁבָּת (shabbâth) — the Sabbath; intensified by the ôwn suffix
Occurrences: 11 tokens / 10 unique verses
Books: 2 (Exodus, Leviticus)
First Occurrence: Exo 16:23 — "the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

From H7676; a sabbatism or special holiday: — rest, sabbath.

The ôwn suffix is an intensifying or abstracting suffix in Hebrew (compare שִׁלְטוֹן from שָׁלַט; עִנְיָן from עָנָה). Applied to שַׁבָּת, it produces "sabbath-ness" or "a full sabbath rest." BDB glosses it as a solemn rest.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
of rest (in "sabbath of rest")	7	70%
a sabbath	2	20%
the rest (in "the rest of the holy sabbath")	1	10%

The dominant pattern "sabbath of rest" (שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן — shabbath shabbâthôwn) is a construct chain where H7676 is the head noun and H7677 serves as a genitive intensifier: "a sabbath of sabbath-ness" or "a complete sabbath rest."

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Book Verses	Per 100
Leviticus	7	859	0.8
Exodus	3	1,213	0.2

The word is concentrated in Leviticus, specifically in the festival calendar (Lev 23) and sabbatical year law (Lev 25). All Exodus occurrences are in the legal/tabernacle sections (Exo 16, 31, 35).

Semantic Categories¶

1. Weekly Seventh-Day Sabbath¶

Shabbâthôwn applied to the recurring seventh-day Sabbath, emphasizing its character as a complete rest. It appears in contexts stressing death-penalty enforcement or holiness.

Exo 16:23 — "To morrow [is] the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD: bake [that] which ye will bake [to day]…"
Exo 31:15 — "in the seventh [is] the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth [any] work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death"
Lev 23:3 — "the seventh day [is] the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work [therein]"

2. Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur)¶

The Day of Atonement bears the full shabbâthôwn designation as a permanent statute, paired with soul-affliction. The only day that combines cessation from work with mandatory fasting.

Lev 16:31 — "It [shall be] a sabbath of rest unto you, and ye shall afflict your souls, by a statute for ever"
Lev 23:32 — "It [shall be] unto you a sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth [day] of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath"

3. Annual Festival Convocations¶

Specific appointed feast-days beyond Yom Kippur are also designated shabbâthôwn — a holy convocation with a rest character, though not the full weekly sabbath.

Lev 23:24 — Feast of Trumpets: "in the first [day] of the month, shall ye have a sabbath (shabbâthôwn), a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation"
Lev 23:39 — Feast of Tabernacles: "on the first day [shall be] a sabbath (shabbâthôwn), and on the eighth day [shall be] a sabbath (shabbâthôwn)" [two tokens in one verse]

4. Sabbatical Year — Land Rest¶

The seventh year when the land itself observes a shabbâthôwn; no sowing, pruning, or reaping of volunteer growth.

Lev 25:4 — "in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, a sabbath for the LORD: thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard"
Lev 25:5 — "neither gather the grapes of thy vine undressed: [for] it is a year of rest unto the land"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-vv	Typical Pattern
שְׁבִיעִי (seventh)	H7637	6x	The sabbath of rest falls on the seventh day/month/year
קֹדֶשׁ (holy)	H6944	5x	"An holy day, a sabbath of rest" — holiness and cessation linked
יוֹם (day)	H3117	4x	Marks a specific calendar day
מְלָאכָה (work/labor)	H4399	3x	Defined by prohibition of labor
חֹדֶשׁ (month)	H2320	3x	Festival contexts — appointed by month and day
מִקְרָא (convocation)	H4744	2x	Holy assembly required on these days
עָנָה (afflict)	H6031	2x	Fasting command on the Day of Atonement
נֶפֶשׁ (souls)	H5315	2x	"Afflict your souls" — paired with H6031
מוּת (death)	H4191	2x	Capital penalty for work on the weekly sabbath

Word Family / Cognates¶

H7673 שָׁבַת (shâbath) — root verb: to cease, desist, rest; the act of stopping work
H7676 שַׁבָּת (shabbâth) — the Sabbath institution; the specific seventh day; parent of H7677
H7677 שַׁבָּתוֹן (shabbâthôwn) — this word: the intensified "sabbath-rest" quality applied to specific holy occasions

Synonyms¶

No direct synonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for H7677.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for H7677.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
שַׁבָּת (shabbâth)	H7676	both translated "sabbath"	H7676 is the institution itself (the Sabbath); H7677 is an attributive noun meaning "sabbath-rest-ness," typically appended to H7676 to intensify or applied independently to other holy days
מְנוּחָה (mᵉnûwchâh)	H4496	both translated "rest"	H4496 = general repose, resting place, or peace; not tied to appointed calendar days. H7677 = specifically sacred calendar rest under Mosaic law

Semantic Domains¶

UBS / Relationship Domains¶

[002003003012] Non-Engage — the core relationship domain: formal cessation from labor on holy days, sabbatical years, and sacred convocations.

LXX Mapping¶

Greek Equivalent	Strong's	Co-occ	PMI	Notes
ἀνάπαυσις (anápausis)	G372	9x	8.92	Primary LXX rendering — "intermission, rest, recreation." The LXX renders shabbâthôwn as a rest-word rather than a sabbath-word
σάββατον (sábbaton)	G4521	7x	7.46	Secondary — appears in verses that contain both the sabbath name and the rest concept
ἕβδομος (hébdomos)	G1442	6x	6.99	"Seventh" — co-occurs because shabbâthôwn nearly always falls on the seventh day/year

The preference for G372 (anápausis) over G4521 (sabbaton) in translating shabbâthôwn shows the LXX translators understood the -ôwn form as emphasizing the rest quality, not simply repeating the sabbath name.