G265 — ἁμάρτημα (hamartema)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G265
Original: ἁμάρτημα
Transliteration: hamártēma
Pronunciation: ham-ar'-tay-mah
Part of Speech: Neuter noun
Root: from ἁμαρτάνω (G264) — "to miss the mark, to sin"; the -μα (-ma) suffix denotes the result or product of the verbal action, making this "the thing sinned" — i.e., a concrete sinful act
Occurrences: 4 unique verses (4 tokens) across 3 books
First Occurrence: Mark 3:28 — "All sins shall be forgiven unto the sons of men"
Hapax: No
Textual Note: The Greek parser finds ἁμαρτήματος in Mark 3:29 (some manuscripts); the KJV Strong's tagging does not assign G265 there. The Critical Text (NA28/UBS5) reads ἁμαρτήματος in Mark 3:29; the Textus Receptus reads κρίσεως ("judgment/condemnation"). The 4-verse count follows the KJV concordance.

Lexicon Definition¶

From G264 (hamartanō); a sin (properly concrete) — sin. The -μα suffix marks the concrete result of the action, distinguishing this from the abstract ἁμαρτία (G266). Where G266 can denote the state, principle, or power of sin, G265 denotes specifically the sinful deed committed.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 088 — Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior
Subdomain: 088.038 — Sin, Wrongdoing, Guilt
Glosses: sin, wrongdoing
Other words in subdomain: ἁμαρτάνω (G264), ἁμαρτία (G266), ἁμαρτωλός (G268), ἀγνόημα (G51), ἀναμάρτητος (G361), ἄμεμπτος (G273)

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
sins	2	50%
of sins	1	25%
sin	1	25%

All four occurrences are rendered as a form of "sin" — no variation in the English translation.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Mark	2	0.30
Romans	1	0.23
1 Corinthians	1	0.23

Extremely rare word — only 3 books, all NT. Appears exclusively in Synoptic and Pauline literature. No occurrences in the Johannine or General Epistles. The low frequency makes each occurrence significant for semantic analysis.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Sinful Acts Subject to Forgiveness¶

Mark 3:28 — "Verily I say unto you, All sins [hamartēmata] shall be forgiven unto the sons of men, and blasphemies wherewith soever they shall blaspheme"
Mark 4:12 — "That seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and [their] sins [hamartēmata] should be forgiven them"

Both Markan uses pair hamartēmata with aphiēmi (G863, "forgive/release"). The concrete acts of sin are forgivable objects — things that can be sent away.

2. Past Sinful Acts Covered by Propitiation¶

Romans 3:25 — "Whom God hath set forth [to be] a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins [hamartēmatōn] that are past, through the forbearance of God"

Paul chose the concrete hamartēma (not the abstract hamartia) to specify the particular past deeds that God's forbearance had passed over. Collocates with hilastērion (G2435, propitiation), haima (G129, blood), and dikaiosynē (G1343, righteousness).

3. Sin as a Concrete Bodily Act¶

1 Corinthians 6:18 — "Flee fornication. Every sin [hamartēma] that a man doeth is without the body; but he that committeth fornication sinneth against his own body"

The only singular occurrence. Paul distinguishes between hamartēma (the concrete sinful deed a person does) and the verb hamartanō (G264, "sins against his own body"). The concrete-act sense is emphatic: "every sinful deed that a man performs."

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
ἀφίημι (aphiēmi)	G863	2x (50%)	"sins shall be forgiven" — hamartēmata as object of forgiveness
ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos)	G444	2x (50%)	"sons of men" / "a man doeth" — sins belonging to human agents
πᾶς (pas)	G3956	2x (50%)	"all sins" / "every sin" — universalizing scope of concrete acts
ἱλαστήριον (hilastērion)	G2435	1x (25%)	propitiation for past hamartēmata (Rom 3:25)
αἷμα (haima)	G129	1x (25%)	blood as the means addressing concrete sins (Rom 3:25)
δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē)	G1343	1x (25%)	God's righteousness declared in remitting past sins (Rom 3:25)

Word Family / Cognates¶

G264 ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō) — root verb: to sin, miss the mark (43 occurrences)
G266 ἁμαρτία (hamartia) — abstract noun: sin as state/principle/power (174 occurrences)
G268 ἁμαρτωλός (hamartōlos) — adjective/noun: sinful, sinner (47 occurrences)
G361 ἀναμάρτητος (anamartētos) — adjective: without sin (1 occurrence — John 8:7)

Synonyms (from UBS Greek)¶

G3900 παράπτωμα (paraptōma) — a fall, trespass: a lapse or deviation (23 occurrences)
G3847 παράβασις (parabasis) — transgression: stepping across a known boundary (7 occurrences)
G3876 παρακοή (parakoē) — disobedience: failure to listen/heed (3 occurrences)
G3892 παρανομία (paranomia) — lawbreaking: acting contrary to law (1 occurrence)
G2275 ἥττημα (hēttēma) — defeat, fault: being worsted/diminished (2 occurrences)
G763 ἀσέβεια (asebeia) — ungodliness: irreverence toward God (6 occurrences)
G51 ἀγνόημα (agnoēma) — sin of ignorance: error committed unknowingly (1 occurrence — Heb 9:7)
G458 ἀνομία (anomia) — lawlessness: disregard for the law (15 occurrences)

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
ἁμαρτία (hamartia)	G266	"sin(s)"	G266 is abstract — sin as condition, guilt-state, ruling power, or sin-offering; G265 is concrete — the specific sinful deed committed. The -μα suffix marks the result/product.
חַטָּאָה (chattaʼah)	H2403	"sins" (in KJV)	H2403 is the broad Hebrew sin-word covering offense, sin-offering, and purification; G265 only ever means the concrete sinful act.
פֶּשַׁע (pesha)	H6588	"sins" (in KJV)	H6588 is rebellion/revolt — willful transgression against authority; G265 is the sinful act without necessarily implying rebellion.

Hebrew Source (via LXX)¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score	Notes
חַטָּאָה (chattaʼah)	H2403	11	13.98	Primary — the broad Hebrew sin-word is the dominant source
עָוֺן (ʻavon)	H5771	7	11.05	Iniquity/guilt — the guilt-bearing aspect of sin
פֶּשַׁע (pesha)	H6588	4	9.22	Rebellion/transgression
חָטָא (chataʼ)	H2398	3	5.60	The verbal root "to sin"

The LXX translators used ἁμάρτημα to render chattaʼah (H2403) when the context emphasized the concrete sinful act rather than the sin-offering or abstract guilt.

Domain Neighbors (Louw-Nida 088.038)¶

Strong's	Lemma	Glosses
G264	ἁμαρτάνω	to sin, engage in wrongdoing
G266	ἁμαρτία	sin, wrongdoing
G268	ἁμαρτωλός	sinful, sinner
G51	ἀγνόημα	sin of ignorance
G361	ἀναμάρτητος	sinless, guiltless
G273	ἄμεμπτος	blameless
G338	ἀναίτιος	guiltless, innocent