G5464 — χάλαζα (chálaza)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: G5464
Original: χάλαζα
Transliteration: chálaza
Pronunciation: khal'-ad-zah
Part of Speech: Feminine noun (n-f)
Occurrences: 4 tokens in 3 unique verses (1 book)
First Occurrence: Rev 8:7 — "The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood"
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

Probably from χαλάω; hail:—hail.

Louw-Nida Semantic Domain¶

Domain: 2 — Natural Substances
Subdomain: 2.4 — Water
Other words in subdomain: ἄνυδρος (G504), ἰκμάς (G2429), κρύσταλλος (G2930), ὕδωρ (G5204), ὑετός (G5205), χιών (G5510)

UBS Semantic Domains¶

[002] Natural Substances — search_relationships.py keeps χάλαζα in the physical-substance / weather-material field alongside water, snow, and other natural elements.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Count	%
hail	3	100%

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Revelation	3	0.7

Exclusively a Revelation word. All three occurrences fall within the judgment sequences (trumpets and bowls), giving it a narrow but concentrated apocalyptic profile.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Hail as Theophanic Judgment (Trumpet Plague)¶

Rev 8:7 — "The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth: and the third part of trees was burnt up, and all green grass was burnt up."
Rev 11:19 — "And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunderings, and an earthquake, and great hail."

In Rev 8:7, hail initiates the first trumpet judgment — mixed with fire and blood, devastating vegetation. In Rev 11:19, hail accompanies the heavenly temple's opening alongside lightning, thunder, and earthquake as signs of divine presence and judgment.

2. Hail as Extreme Divine Wrath (Bowl Plague)¶

Rev 16:21 — "And there fell upon men a great hail out of heaven, [every stone] about the weight of a talent: and men blasphemed God because of the plague of the hail; for the plague thereof was exceeding great."

The final and most severe occurrence. The hailstones are described as talent-weight (~75 lbs each), provoking blasphemy rather than repentance. Both the nominative (χάλαζα) and genitive (χαλάζης) forms appear in this verse.

Morphological Forms Attested¶

Form	Parsing	Occurrences
χάλαζα	Nominative Singular Feminine	Rev 8:7, 11:19, 16:21
χαλάζης	Genitive Singular Feminine	Rev 16:21

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
πῦρ (pyr)	G4442	1x	"hail and fire" — paired agents of destruction (Rev 8:7)
αἷμα (haima)	G129	1x	"hail and fire mingled with blood" (Rev 8:7)
ἀστραπή (astrape)	G796	1x	"lightnings... and great hail" — theophanic storm (Rev 11:19)
βροντή (bronte)	G1027	1x	"thunderings... and great hail" — theophanic storm (Rev 11:19)
σεισμός (seismos)	G4578	1x	"earthquake, and great hail" — theophanic storm (Rev 11:19)
πληγή (plege)	G4127	1x	"the plague of the hail" — hail itself called a plague (Rev 16:21)
βλασφημέω (blasphemeo)	G987	1x	"men blasphemed God because of the plague of the hail" (Rev 16:21)

With only 3 verses, all collocations are 1x. The patterns cluster around two motifs: (a) hail paired with fire/blood as destructive agents, and (b) hail within theophanic storm phenomena (lightning, thunder, earthquake).

Synonyms¶

search_relationships.py surfaced a narrow storm-and-judgment cluster rather than strict lexical equivalents: - G5510 χιών (chiōn) — snow; the nearest frozen-precipitation neighbor. - G5205 ὑετός (hyetos) — rain; adjacent weather / precipitation term. - G5204 ὕδωρ (hydōr) — water; the broader material category behind hail. - G4442 πῦρ (pyr) — fire; recurring paired judgment agent in Rev 8:7. - G417 ἄνεμος (anemos) — wind; storm-sequence neighbor within apocalyptic weather imagery. - G5456 φωνή (phōnē) — voice / sound; theophanic storm accompaniment in Rev 11:19.

Antonyms¶

No direct antonyms were returned by search_relationships.py for G5464.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
בָּרָד (barad)	H1259	"hail"	OT Hebrew word for hail; used in the Egyptian plague narrative (Exod 9) and prophetic judgment (Isa 28:2, Ezek 38:22); χάλαζα is the NT Greek equivalent
χαίρω (chairo)	G5463	"hail" (greeting)	Entirely different meaning: "to rejoice, greet" — KJV "hail" as greeting vs. weather phenomenon; no semantic overlap

Domain Neighbors (Louw-Nida 2.4 — Water)¶

Word	Strong's	Total Verses	Primary KJV	Key Difference
ἄνυδρος (anydros)	G504	4	dry, without water	Absence of water; used of waterless places and spirits
ἰκμάς (ikmas)	G2429	1	moisture	Soil moisture in the parable of the sower
κρύσταλλος (krystallos)	G2930	2	crystal	Frozen/clear substance; describes heavenly sea and river
ὕδωρ (hydor)	G5204	59	water	Generic liquid water; broadly distributed across NT
ὑετός (hyetos)	G5205	6	rain	Rainfall — natural blessing or ordinary weather
χιών (chion)	G5510	3	snow	Snow — used for whiteness comparisons, not judgment

χάλαζα is the only word in this subdomain used exclusively as a vehicle of divine judgment.

Hebrew Source¶

Hebrew Source	Strong's	Co-occurrences	PMI Score
בָּרָד (barad)	H1259	21	29.60
עֶשֶׂב (eseb)	H6212	4	10.89
מָטַר (matar)	H4305	3	10.46
אֵשׁ (esh)	H784	7	8.65

The primary Hebrew equivalent is H1259 בָּרָד (barad), with 21 LXX co-occurrences and the highest PMI score by far. The secondary associations (vegetation, rain, fire) reflect the OT hail-plague contexts where these words co-occur.