H4899 — מָשִׁיחַ (mâshîyach)¶

Core Data¶

Strong's: H4899
Original: מָשִׁיחַ
Transliteration: mâshîyach
Pronunciation: maw-shee'-akh
Part of Speech: Masculine noun
Root: מָשַׁח (mâshach, H4886) — primitive root; to rub with oil, to anoint, to consecrate
Occurrences: 38 unique verses (44 tokens) in 10 books
First Occurrence: Lev 4:3 — "If the priest that is anointed do sin..."
Hapax Legomenon: No

Lexicon Definition¶

Anointed; usually a consecrated person (as a king, priest, or saint); specifically, the Messiah. From H4886 (mâshach). KJV: anointed, Messiah.

Translation Distribution (KJV)¶

Translation	Verses	%
anointed (all forms)	36	~95%
Messiah / the Messiah	2	~5%

Note: The DB records full contextual phrases ("his anointed", "mine anointed", "that is anointed", etc.) rather than the bare gloss. All resolve to the same underlying word; essentially the entire corpus is rendered "anointed" except Dan 9:25–26.

Distribution by Book¶

Book	Count	Per 100 Verses
Habakkuk	1	1.8
1 Samuel	11	1.4
2 Samuel	6	0.9
Lamentations	1	0.6
Daniel	2	0.6
Leviticus	4	0.5
Psalms	10	0.4
1 Chronicles	1	0.1
Isaiah	1	0.1
2 Chronicles	1	0.1

Density pattern: concentrated in Samuel (David's inviolability narratives) and Psalms (royal/covenant petitions). Highest per-100 is Habakkuk (prophetic doxology). The two Daniel occurrences carry the word's only explicit "Messiah" translation.

Semantic Categories¶

1. Anointed Priest (Levitical office)¶

Lev 4:3 — "If the priest that is anointed do sin according to the sin of the people; then let him bring for his sin... a bullock without blemish"
Lev 4:5 — "And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock's blood, and bring it to the tabernacle"
Lev 6:22 — "And the priest of his sons that is anointed in his stead shall offer it: it is a statute for ever"

2. The LORD's Anointed King — Inviolability¶

1 Sam 24:6 — "The LORD forbid that I should do this thing unto my master, the LORD'S anointed, to stretch forth mine hand against him"
1 Sam 26:9 — "Who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD'S anointed, and be guiltless?"
1 Sam 26:11 — "The LORD forbid that I should stretch forth mine hand against the LORD'S anointed"
2 Sam 1:14 — "How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?"

3. Davidic Covenant Recipient (God's enduring loyalty)¶

2 Sam 22:51 — "He sheweth mercy to his anointed, unto David, and to his seed for evermore"
Psa 132:10 — "For thy servant David's sake turn not away the face of thine anointed"
Psa 132:17 — "I have ordained a lamp for mine anointed"

4. Corporate National Prayers for the Anointed¶

Psa 2:2 — "The kings of the earth... take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed"
Psa 20:6 — "Now know I that the LORD saveth his anointed; he will hear him from his holy heaven"
Psa 28:8 — "The LORD is their strength, and he is the saving strength of his anointed"
Hab 3:13 — "Thou wentest forth for the salvation of thy people, even for salvation with thine anointed"

5. Non-Davidic Anointed (expanded use)¶

Isa 45:1 — "Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden" (a pagan king)
Psa 105:15 / 1 Chr 16:22 — "Touch not mine anointed, and do my prophets no harm" (applied to the patriarchs)
Lam 4:20 — "The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the LORD, was taken in their pits" (the king at Jerusalem's fall)

6. Eschatological Messiah (titular use)¶

Dan 9:25 — "from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks"
Dan 9:26 — "And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself"

Common Collocations¶

Word	Strong's	Co-occurrences	Typical Pattern
יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh)	H3068	22x (58%)	"the LORD's anointed" — the defining construction
דָּוִד (Dâvid)	H1732	9x (24%)	David as the anointed archetype
יָד (yâd)	H3027	8x (21%)	"stretch forth his hand against the anointed"
מֶלֶךְ (melek)	H4428	6x (16%)	anointed in parallel with king
שָׁלַח (shâlach)	H7971	6x (16%)	"stretch/send his hand against"
כֹּהֵן (kôhên)	H3548	5x (13%)	priestly anointing context

Word Family / Cognates¶

H4886 מָשַׁח (mâshach) — root verb; to rub with oil, to anoint, to consecrate (69 occurrences)

Synonyms¶

No synonyms returned by search_relationships.py for H4899.

Antonyms¶

No antonyms returned by search_relationships.py for H4899.

Easily Confused Words¶

Word	Strong's	Shared Translation	Key Difference
מָשַׁח (mâshach)	H4886	both translated "anointed"	mashach is the verbal act of anointing; mashiyach is the nominal office of the one anointed

UBS Semantic Domains¶

Code	Domain Label	Notes
001002007005	Leaders	Core royal/governing-office sense of mashiyach as the anointed ruler.
001002007008	Priests	Levitical office sense in passages such as Lev 4 and 6, where mashiyach denotes the consecrated priest.

LXX Mapping¶

Greek Equivalent	Co-occ	PMI Score	Notes
Χριστός (Christós) G5547	34x	32.22	Near-exclusive LXX equivalent; the Greek word is a direct calque of the Hebrew
σωτηρία (sōtēría) G4991	4x	7.36	Rendered "salvation" in contexts emphasizing deliverance

The LXX bridge is essentially one-to-one: mâshîyach → Christós. The PMI score of 32.22 is among the strongest alignment scores in the corpus.