H1860 — דְּרָאוֹן (dᵉrâʼôwn)¶
Core Data¶
- Strong's: H1860
- Original: דְּרָאוֹן (alt. דֵּרָאוֹן)
- Transliteration: dᵉrâʼôwn
- Pronunciation: der-aw-one
- Part of Speech: Masculine noun
- Root: Unused root meaning "to repulse"
- Occurrences: 2 in OT (unique verses: 2; books: 2)
- First Occurrence: Isa 66:24 — "they shall be an abhorring unto all flesh"
- Hapax Legomenon: No (2 occurrences, but extremely rare)
Lexicon Definition¶
From an unused root meaning to repulse; an object of aversion:—abhorring, contempt.
The word denotes not merely disrespect but something that provokes active recoil — an object so repulsive it repels the observer. Both of its two biblical occurrences appear in eschatological contexts describing the fate of the wicked.
Translation Distribution (KJV)¶
| Translation | Count | % |
|---|---|---|
| an abhorring | 1 | 50% |
| contempt | 1 | 50% |
From search_strongs.py --lookup. Both renderings target the same semantic core: an object of revulsion.
Distribution by Book¶
| Book | Abbrev | Count | Book Verses | Per 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaiah | Isa | 1 | 1,292 | 0.1 |
| Daniel | Dan | 1 | 357 | 0.3 |
Both occurrences are in prophetic books; both are eschatological judgment passages.
Semantic Categories¶
1. Object of Horror — Eschatological Corpses¶
The redeemed behold the carcasses of transgressors; the word names what the transgressors become — something that causes active revulsion in those who see them.
- Isa 66:24 — "And they shall go forth, and look upon the carcases of the men that have transgressed against me: for their worm shall not die, neither shall their fire be quenched; and they shall be an abhorring unto all flesh."
2. Everlasting Contempt — Resurrection of the Wicked¶
The only OT text explicitly naming two resurrection outcomes. דְּרָאוֹן is the named condition of those who awake to judgment — paired with "shame" (H2781 חֶרְפָּה).
- Dan 12:2 — "And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame [and] everlasting contempt."
Common Collocations¶
With only 2 verses, each collocation appears once (50%). Theologically meaningful co-occurring words:
| Word | Strong's | Co-vv | Typical Pattern |
|---|---|---|---|
| עוֹלָם (ʻôwlâm) | H5769 | 1x | "everlasting contempt" — deraon modified by olam |
| חֶרְפָּה (cherpâh) | H2781 | 1x | "shame and everlasting contempt" — paired in Dan 12:2 |
| מוּת (mûwth) | H4191 | 1x | death/dying in eschatological frame (Isa 66:24) |
| אֵשׁ (ʼêsh) | H784 | 1x | fire that is not quenched (Isa 66:24) |
| פֶּגֶר (peger) | H6297 | 1x | corpse — the thing that is deraon (Isa 66:24) |
| יָשֵׁן (yâshên) | H3463 | 1x | "sleep in the dust" — resurrection context (Dan 12:2) |
Related Words¶
Word Family / Cognates¶
No documented Hebrew cognates; root is marked "unused" in the lexicon. The word appears to be a nominal form from a root that left no other biblical derivatives.
Synonyms¶
No synonym entries were returned by search_relationships.py for H1860.
Antonyms¶
No antonym entries were returned by search_relationships.py for H1860.
Easily Confused Words¶
| Word | Strong's | Shared Translation | Key Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| בּוּז (bûwz) | H937 | both → "contempt" | buz = active disrespect/disregard (relational, 11x); deraon = the state of being repulsive (object-focused, eschatological) |
| חֶרְפָּה (cherpâh) | H2781 | both in shame/contempt vocabulary | cherpah = reproach/disgrace before others (73x, wide social range); deraon = visceral revulsion, occurs only in final-judgment contexts |
| בִּזָּיוֹן (bizzâyôwn) | H963 | both → "contempt" | bizzayon = contempt/disesteem (1x, Esth 1:18, non-eschatological); deraon restricted to eschatological disgrace |
Semantic Domains¶
UBS / Relationship Domains¶
- [002001002005] Despise —
search_relationships.pyplaces dᵉrâʼôwn in the contempt/despising field alongside H936 בוז, H937 בּוּז, H938 בּוּז, H939 בּוּזָה, H947 בוס, and H959 בזה.
LXX Mapping¶
No LXX alignment data available in the tools database for H1860. The word's extreme rarity (2 occurrences) limits cross-reference data. The LXX treatment of Dan 12:2 varies between the Old Greek and Theodotion recensions; no PMI-weighted mapping was returned.
Generated from: gather_word_data.py, search_strongs.py, kjv.txt, search_relationships.py Last updated: 2026-04-27