TR: kisse → thrónos (Throne / Royal Seat)¶
The Chain¶
Hebrew OT LXX (Greek OT) Greek NT
────────── ──────────────── ────────
כִּסֵּא (kisse) → θρόνος (thrónos) → θρόνος (thrónos)
H3678, 124v 111 co-occ with H3678 50v in NT
"throne, seat" near 1:1 rendering "throne, seat"
OT Usage (Hebrew)¶
| Strong's | Word | Occurrences | Primary Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| H3678 | כִּסֵּא (kisse) | 124 | throne, royal seat (lit. "covered/canopied seat") |
From the root כִּסֵּה (kisse), meaning "covered" — the throne as a canopied seat of authority. Appears in 22 OT books; densest in 1 Kings (29x, 3.6 per 100v).
Key OT passages: - Gen 41:40 — "only in the throne will I be greater than thou" (Pharaoh to Joseph — political delegation) - 2 Sam 7:13 — "I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever" (Davidic covenant) - Isa 6:1 — "I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up" (Isaiah's vision) - Jer 3:17 — "they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the LORD" - Lam 5:19 — "Thou, O LORD, remainest for ever; thy throne from generation to generation"
[Word study: TODO(need H3678 study)]
LXX Bridge¶
| Hebrew | Greek Translation | LXX Co-occ | PMI Score | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| כִּסֵּא H3678 | θρόνος G2362 | 111x | 7.49 | Dominant — near total correspondence |
| כִּסֵּא H3678 | καθίζω G2523 | 25x | 4.75 | Verbal rendering: "cause to sit on throne" |
| כִּסֵּא H3678 | κάθημαι G2521 | 22x | 4.90 | "sit upon the throne" |
Semantic continuity: The LXX translators chose θρόνος for כִּסֵּא with exceptional consistency (PMI 7.49 is very high). No semantic shift — both words denote a royal seat carrying the authority of its occupant. The concept of throne-as-power is fully preserved.
NT Usage (Greek)¶
| Strong's | Word | Occurrences | Primary Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| G2362 | θρόνος (thrónos) | 50 | throne, seat of authority |
NT distribution: 36 of 50 uses in Revelation (72%). The word concentrates in heavenly throne-room scenes (Rev 4–5, 7, 20, 22).
Key NT passages: - Heb 1:8 — "Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever" (quoting Ps 45:6 / H3678) - Rev 4:2 — "a throne was set in heaven, and [one] sat on the throne" - Rev 22:3 — "the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it; and his servants shall serve him" - Rev 3:21 — "I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne"
[Word study: G2362]
Direct OT→NT Quotations¶
| NT Verse | Quotes OT | Shared Word | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:8 | Ps 45:6 | כִּסְאֲךָ → θρόνος σου | "Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever" — Davidic psalm applied to Christ |
| Mat 5:34 / Acts 7:49 | Isa 66:1 | כִּסֵּא → θρόνος | "Heaven is my throne" — God's universal sovereignty |
Continuity and Shifts¶
What stays the same: - Core meaning: throne = seat of ultimate authority; the one on the throne rules - Divine throne described as eternal and exalted (Lam 5:19 → Heb 1:8) - Davidic covenant throne promise (2 Sam 7:13 → Luke 1:32, Acts 2:30)
What shifts: - OT usage spreads across human kings, God, and celestial imagery (124v, 22 books); NT concentrates almost entirely on God/Christ/heavenly court (72% in Revelation) - NT introduces the "throne of grace" (Heb 4:16) — no direct OT parallel; new NT theological development - NT adds the throne of the Lamb alongside God's throne (Rev 22:3) — a Christological expansion of the OT divine throne concept - NT counter-thrones for Satan and the Beast (Rev 2:13; 13:2) — theologically new, no OT equivalent
Generated from: gather_word_data.py (H3678 + G2362) Last updated: 2026-04-01