WG: Judgment¶
Overview¶
The judgment concept in the Greek NT centers on the κρίν- word family — a cluster of cognates covering the act of judging, the verdict rendered, the person who judges, and the place of judgment. These words appear together across eschatological, ethical, and forensic contexts.
Word Group Members¶
| Strong's | Word | Transliteration | POS | Occurrences | Role in Concept | Library Entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G2920 | κρίσις | krísis | fem. noun | 47 | The process/act of judging | G2920-krisis |
| G2919 | κρίνω | krinō | verb | 114 | The action (to judge, decide) | G2919-krino.md |
| G2917 | κρίμα | krima | neut. noun | 28 | The result (verdict, sentence) | G2917-krima.md |
| G2923 | κριτής | kritēs | masc. noun | 17 | The agent (the judge) | TODO(need G2923 study) |
| G2922 | κριτήριον | kritērion | neut. noun | 3 | The place (court, tribunal) | TODO(need G2922 study) |
| G2632 | κατακρίνω | katakrinō | verb | 18 | Intensified action (to condemn) | TODO(need G2632 study) |
| G2631 | κατάκριμα | katakrima | neut. noun | 3 | Intensified result (condemnation) | G2631-katakrima.md |
| G350 | ἀνακρίνω | anakrinō | verb | 16 | Investigative scrutiny (to examine, interrogate, sift) | G350-anakrino.md |
| G351 | ἀνάκρισις | anakrisis | fem. noun | 1 | The investigation (judicial hearing) | TODO(need G351 study) |
| G1252 | διακρίνω | diakrinō | verb | 19 | Thorough distinction (to evaluate, distinguish) | TODO(need G1252 study) |
Relationships¶
Shared Root¶
All members derive from the root κρίνω (krinō, "to separate, distinguish, decide"): - κρίσις (-sis suffix) → the process/act - κρίμα (-ma suffix) → the product/result - κριτής (-tēs suffix) → the agent - κριτήριον (-tērion suffix) → the instrument/place - κατα-κρίνω (kata- prefix) → intensified ("judge against" → condemn) - κατά-κριμα → intensified result - ἀνα-κρίνω (ana- prefix) → "judge upward/thoroughly" → investigate, scrutinize, sift evidence - ἀνά-κρισις → the investigation itself - δια-κρίνω (dia- prefix) → "judge through" → distinguish, evaluate, make a distinction
Co-occurrence (appear in same verses)¶
| Word A | Word B | Shared Verses | Typical Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| κρίσις (G2920) | κρίνω (G2919) | 1 | Rev 19:2 — "true and righteous are his judgments: for he hath judged" |
| κρίσις (G2920) | κατακρίνω (G2632) | 4 | Mat 12:41–42, Luk 11:31–32 — "rise in judgment... and condemn it" |
| κρίνω (G2919) | κρίμα (G2917) | 2 | Mat 7:2 ("judge... judgment"), Rom 2:3 |
| κρίνω (G2919) | κατακρίνω (G2632) | 2 | 1 Cor 11:32, Rom 2:1 |
Despite being cognates, these words rarely appear in the same verse — they occupy distinct syntactic slots. κρίσις names the event/process, κρίμα names the verdict, and κρίνω performs the action.
Semantic Distinctions¶
| Aspect | κρίσις (G2920) | κρίμα (G2917) | κρίνω (G2919) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Focus | The process/standard | The result/sentence | The act itself |
| Temporal | "day of judgment" | "the judgment has been rendered" | "he judges" |
| Positive use | "judgment, mercy, faith" (Mat 23:23) | Rare (Rom 11:33 "judgments") | "judge righteous judgment" |
| Negative use | "damnation of hell" (Mat 23:33) | "damnation" (Mark 12:40) | "judge not" (Mat 7:1) |
Roles in the Concept¶
- Action: κρίνω (G2919) — the act of judging, deciding, distinguishing
- Process/Standard: κρίσις (G2920) — the judicial process, the standard of judgment, the event
- Result: κρίμα (G2917) — the verdict, sentence, decree that results from judging
- Agent: κριτής (G2923) — the judge who renders the verdict
- Place: κριτήριον (G2922) — the court or tribunal
- Intensified Action: κατακρίνω (G2632) — to condemn ("judge against")
- Intensified Result: κατάκριμα (G2631) — condemnation (the sentence of condemnation)
- Investigative Scrutiny: ἀνακρίνω (G350) — to investigate, sift, examine ("judge upward/thoroughly")
- Investigation: ἀνάκρισις (G351) — the judicial hearing or inquiry itself
- Thorough Distinction: διακρίνω (G1252) — to evaluate, distinguish, separate thoroughly
Key Passages Where Multiple Group Words Appear Together¶
- Rev 19:2 — κρίσις + κρίνω: "true and righteous are his judgments (kriseis): for he hath judged (ekrinen) the great whore"
- Mat 12:41–42 — κρίσις + κατακρίνω: "rise in judgment (krisei)... and shall condemn (katakrinousin) it"
- John 5:22, 24, 27, 29, 30 — κρίσις used five times in a single discourse on divine judicial authority
- Mat 7:1–2 — κρίνω + κρίμα: "Judge (krinete) not... for with what judgment (krimati) ye judge (krinete)"
Generated from: search_strongs.py, greek_parser.py, co-occurrence queries Last updated: 2026-03-31