Hebrew Parsing — Raw Output¶
Psalm 110:1¶
Hebrew: לְדָוִד מִזְמוֹר נְאֻם יְהוָה לַאדֹנִי שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד־אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| שֵׁב | ישׁב | Verb.Qal.Impv.2ms | sit |
| לִימִינִי | ימין | Noun.fs.Abs+1us | my right-hand side |
| עַד | עד | Prep | unto |
| אָשִׁית | שׁית | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will put |
| אֹיְבֶיךָ | איב | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.mp+2ms | your enemies |
| הֲדֹם | הדם | Noun.ms.Abs | footstool |
| לְרַגְלֶיךָ | רגל | Noun.fd.Abs+2ms | your feet |
Key: shev (ישׁב, Qal Imperative 2ms) = "Sit!" — a command from YHWH to Adonai. The verb yashav means to sit, dwell, remain. As an imperative, it commands the Lord to take His seat — an enthronement command. "Until I make" (ad-ashiyth) sets a temporal boundary: the sitting continues until enemies are subdued.
Psalm 110:4¶
Hebrew: נִשְׁבַּע יְהוָה וְלֹא יִנָּחֵם אַתָּה־כֹהֵן לְעוֹלָם עַל־דִּבְרָתִי מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| נִשְׁבַּע | שׁבע | Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms | swore |
| יְהוָה | יהוה | PropN | YHWH |
| וְלֹא | Conj + Neg | and not | |
| יִנָּחֵם | נחם | Verb.Niphal.Impf.3ms | will repent |
| אַתָּה | אתה | PersPron.2ms | you |
| כֹהֵן | כהן | Noun.ms.Abs | priest |
| לְעוֹלָם | עולם | Noun.ms | forever |
| עַל־דִּבְרָתִי | דברה | Noun.fs.Cst | according to the manner of |
| מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק | PropN | Melchizedek |
Key: kohen (noun, not verb) — "you are a priest." The Niphal of shava (swore) + Niphal of nacham (will not repent) = divine oath with irrevocable force. "Forever" (le-olam) makes this an eternal appointment. The same psalm that commands sitting (v.1) declares eternal priesthood (v.4) — both in the same oracle about the same person.
Zechariah 6:12¶
Hebrew: הִנֵּה־אִישׁ צֶמַח שְׁמוֹ וּמִתַּחְתָּיו יִצְמָח וּבָנָה אֶת־הֵיכַל יְהוָה
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| צֶמַח | צמח | Noun.ms.Abs | sprout/Branch |
| יִצְמָח | צמח | Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms | he will sprout |
| בָנָה | בנה | Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms | he built/will build |
| הֵיכַל | היכל | Noun.ms.Cst | palace/temple |
Zechariah 6:13¶
Hebrew: וְהוּא יִבְנֶה אֶת־הֵיכַל יְהוָה וְהוּא־יִשָּׂא הוֹד וְיָשַׁב וּמָשַׁל עַל־כִּסְאוֹ וְהָיָה כֹהֵן עַל־כִּסְאוֹ וַעֲצַת שָׁלוֹם תִּהְיֶה בֵּין שְׁנֵיהֶם
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| יִבְנֶה | בנה | Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms | he will build |
| יִשָּׂא | נשׂא | Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms | he will bear |
| הוֹד | הוד | Noun.ms.Abs | splendor/glory |
| יָשַׁב | ישׁב | Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms | he sat / will sit |
| מָשַׁל | משׁל | Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms | he ruled / will rule |
| כִּסְאוֹ | כסא | Noun.ms+3ms | his throne |
| הָיָה | היה | Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms | he was / will be |
| כֹהֵן | כהן | Noun.ms.Abs | priest |
| כִּסְאוֹ | כסא | Noun.ms+3ms | his throne |
| עֲצַת | עצה | Noun.fs.Cst | counsel of |
| שָׁלוֹם | שׁלום | Noun.ms.Abs | peace |
| שְׁנֵיהֶם | שׁנים | Noun.d+3mp | the two of them |
Critical findings: 1. yashav (Qal Perfect 3ms) = "he sat/will sit" — same root as Psa 110:1's shev (imperative). In prophetic perfect, the perfect tense depicts a future event as already accomplished. 2. mashal (Qal Perfect 3ms) = "he ruled/will rule" — paired with yashav: "he will sit AND rule upon his throne" 3. hayah kohen = "he will be a priest" — also on his throne (al-kis'o repeated twice) 4. The verse explicitly COMBINES sitting-ruling with priesting on the SAME throne for the SAME individual. 5. "The counsel of peace between them both" (atsat shalom bein shneyhem) — peace between the two offices (king and priest) in one person, or between the two persons of the oracle (YHWH and the Branch).
Leviticus 16:2¶
Hebrew: וְאַל־יָבֹא בְכָל־עֵת אֶל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת אֶל־פְּנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| יָבֹא | בוא | Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms | he will come |
| קֹּדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | holiness/holy place |
| מִבֵּית | מן + בית | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | from the house of |
| לַפָּרֹכֶת | ל + ה + פרכת | Prep + Art + Noun.fs.Abs | to the curtain |
| כַּפֹּרֶת | כפרת | Noun.fs.Abs | mercy seat/cover |
Key phrase: mibbeyth lapparoketh = "from within the curtain" (literally "from the house/interior of the curtain"). This is the exact Hebrew construction behind Heb 6:19's "within the veil." The spatial referent is unambiguous: inside the poreketh = inside the Most Holy Place, before the mercy seat on the ark.
Leviticus 16:12¶
Hebrew: וְהֵבִיא מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| הֵבִיא | בוא | Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms | he brought in |
| מִבֵּית | מן + בית | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | from the interior of |
| לַפָּרֹכֶת | ל + ה + פרכת | Prep + Art + Noun.fs.Abs | the curtain |
Same construction: mibbeyth lapparoketh = bring incense "within the veil" — into the Most Holy Place.
Leviticus 16:15¶
Hebrew: וְהֵבִיא אֶת־דָּמוֹ אֶל־מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| הֵבִיא | בוא | Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms | he brought in |
| דָּמוֹ | דם | Noun.ms+3ms | his blood |
| מִבֵּית | מן + בית | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | from the interior of |
| לַפָּרֹכֶת | ל + ה + פרכת | Prep + Art + Noun.fs.Abs | the curtain |
Same construction: Bring blood "within the veil" — into the Most Holy Place.
Pattern in Leviticus 16: The phrase mibbeyth lapparoketh occurs 3 times (vv.2,12,15). Every time it means the space BEHIND the inner curtain — the Most Holy Place. This is the OT linguistic background for Heb 6:19's esoteron tou katapetasmatos.
Exodus 26:31¶
Hebrew: וְעָשִׂיתָ פָרֹכֶת תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ מָשְׁזָר מַעֲשֵׂה חֹשֵׁב יַעֲשֶׂה אֹתָהּ כְּרֻבִים
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| פָרֹכֶת | פרכת | Noun.fs.Abs | curtain/veil |
| כְּרֻבִים | כרוב | Noun.mp.Abs | cherubim |
Note: The poreketh is made with cherubim woven into it — echoing the cherubim that guard the way to the tree of life (Gen 3:24). Construction method: maaseeh choshev = "work of a skillful designer/weaver."
Exodus 26:33¶
Hebrew: וְהִבְדִּילָה הַפָּרֹכֶת לָכֶם בֵּין הַקֹּדֶשׁ וּבֵין קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים
| Word | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| הִבְדִּילָה | בדל | Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3fs | she/it separated |
| הַפָּרֹכֶת | פרכת | Noun.fs.Abs | the curtain |
| בֵּין | בין | Noun.ms.Cst | between |
| הַקֹּדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | the holy [place] |
| קֹדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Cst | holy of |
| הַקֳּדָשִׁים | קדשׁ | Noun.mp.Abs | the holies |
Critical: hivdilah (Hiphil of badal, "separate") — the veil SEPARATES between the holy and the holy of holies. This is the same verb used in Genesis 1 for God's creation-acts of separation (light from darkness, waters from waters). The veil performs a creation-level act of division. The poreketh is "the separatrix" — an active participle functioning as a noun.
Hebrew parsing completed: 2026-05-14