Grammar Reference Library Entries Read¶
Passages¶
dan-8-14.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/passages/dan-8-14.md
- nitsdaq = Niphal.Perf.3ms of tsadaq — ONLY Niphal occurrence in entire OT
- Prophetic perfect with waw = future certainty
- Sanctuary is RECIPIENT of vindication (passive voice)
- qodesh without article yet definite from context
- erev boqer = asyndetic noun pair functioning as single time unit
dan-12-4-sealing.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/passages/dan-12-4-sealing.md
- Dual Qal imperative pair: setom (H5640) + vachatom (H2856) — two sealing verbs in imperative mood
- ad eth qets = preposition ad ("until") + construct chain "time of end" — temporal boundary with terminus
- Post-boundary coda: yeshotetu rabbim (Piel impf 3mp of shut, "many shall rove about") + vetirbbeh hadda'ath (Qal impf 3fs of rabah, "knowledge shall increase")
- The sealed content opens AT the time of the end, not gradually before it
dan-12-7-11-12.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/passages/dan-12-7-11-12.md
- Dan 12:7: time, times, and a half = mo'ed mo'adim vachetsiy — dual + plural
- Oath formula with both hands raised — double solemn oath
- Dan 12:11-12: 1,290 and 1,335 day periods measured from tamid removal
Hebrew Stem References¶
stem-hiphil.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/hebrew/stem-hiphil.md
- Primary causative stem — subject causes object to do/become the Qal action
- Functions: (1) causative-factitive, (2) productive/internal, (3) declarative/estimative, (4) denominative
- Key for maskilim study: matsdiqey (Dan 12:3) is Hiphil participle of tsadaq = "those CAUSING to be righteous"
- yatsdiq (Isa 53:11) is Hiphil imperfect = "shall justify/cause to be righteous"
- haven (Dan 8:16) is Hiphil imperative of biyn = "CAUSE to understand"
- yavinu (Dan 11:33) is Hiphil imperfect of biyn = "they CAUSE to understand [the many]"
stem-hithpael.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/hebrew/stem-hithpael.md
- Reflexive-iterative stem — action subject performs on/for/within itself
- Functions: (1) reflexive, (2) reciprocal, (3) iterative/habitual, (4) middle voice, (5) estimative/pretend, (6) denominative
- Key for maskilim study: Dan 12:10 verbs yitbararu (Hithpael of barar) and yitlabbenu (Hithpael of laban)
- The Hithpael = "purify THEMSELVES," "make THEMSELVES white" — reflexive/self-directed
- Contrast with Dan 11:35 where external agents refine/purge/make white
stem-niphal.md¶
Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/grammar-reference/hebrew/stem-niphal.md
- Simple passive/reflexive stem
- Functions: (1) simple passive (subject receives action), (2) reflexive, (3) tolerative/middle
- Key for maskilim study: nitsdaq (Dan 8:14) = Niphal of tsadaq — sanctuary receives vindication
- yitsarfu (Dan 12:10) = Niphal of tsaraph — the many "are refined" (passive)
stem-piel.md (referenced but not central)¶
- Intensive/factitive stem
- Dan 11:35: barar in Piel = intensive purging
Grammar reference entries read, 2026-05-12