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Word Studies

From Word Studies Library

krisis — G2920 (judgment/decision)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2920-krisis.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, 47 NT occurrences, from G2919 krino (to judge)
  • Definition: A decision (subjective or objective); a tribunal; justice (especially divine law)
  • Translation: "judgment" (55%), "of judgment" (19%), "condemnation" (4%), "damnation" (4%)
  • Distribution: Concentrated in Matthew (12x) and John (11x). Revelation has 4 occurrences (1.0/100v). Absent from Paul's main letters.
  • Semantic Categories:
  • Day of Judgment (eschatological) — Mat 10:15; 12:36; Heb 9:27; 1Jn 4:17
  • Judicial Process / Legal Setting — Mat 5:22; Jhn 5:22,27; 1Ti 5:24
  • Present Cosmic Condemnation — Jhn 3:19; 12:31; 16:11
  • Just and Righteous Character of Judgment — Jhn 5:30; 7:24; 2Th 1:5
  • Prophetic/Apocalyptic Judgment — Rev 14:7 "the hour of his judgment"; Rev 16:7; 19:2
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7's "hora tes kriseos autou" (the hour of His judgment) uses krisis in its eschatological-judicial sense. The genitive "autou" (His) marks this as God's own judgment. Krisis translates the LXX rendering of Aramaic dina in Dan 7:10,26 — the same forensic term used in Daniel's throne-room scene.

krino — G2919 (to judge)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2919-krino.md

  • Core: Verb, 110+ NT occurrences
  • Translation: "judge" (80%+), "determine," "condemn"
  • Key for this study: Rev 16:5 uses ekrinas (aorist — "thou hast judged thus"); Rev 19:2 uses ekrinen (aorist — "he hath judged the great whore"). Both aorist forms indicate completed judicial action.

krima — G2917 (verdict)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2917-krima.md

  • Core: Neuter noun, 27 NT occurrences
  • Definition: A decision; sentence; verdict (typically adverse)
  • Key for this study: Related to krisis but emphasizes the verdict/sentence rather than the judicial process. Part of the judgment word group.

dikaios — G1342 (righteous/just)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G1342-dikaios.md

  • Core: Adjective, 76 unique verses (81 tokens), from G1349 dike (justice)
  • Translation: "righteous" (39.5%), "just" (35.5%)
  • Distribution: Revelation has 5 occurrences (1.2/100v): Rev 15:3; 16:5; 16:7; 19:2; 22:11
  • Key for this study: In the vindication declarations, dikaios always pairs with alethinos:
  • Rev 15:3: "just (dikaiai) and true (alethinai) are thy ways"
  • Rev 16:5: "Thou art righteous (dikaios)" + 16:7: "true (alethinai) and righteous (dikaiai) are thy judgments"
  • Rev 19:2: "true (alethinai) and righteous (dikaiai) are his judgments" This pairing is the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew tsedeq + emeth pair. The horn cast emeth to the ground (Dan 8:12); the vindication declarations restore it.

alethinos — G228 (true/genuine)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G228-alethinos.md

  • Core: Adjective, 27 tokens in 25 verses (6 books), from alpha-privative + lanthano ("unhidden")
  • Translation: "true" (88%+)
  • Distribution: Concentrated in Johannine literature (80%). Revelation has 10 occurrences (2.5/100v).
  • Key collocations: With dikaios (3x = 12%) — always in the vindication declarations (Rev 15:3; 16:7; 19:2). With pistos (5x = 20%) — "faithful and true" (Rev 3:14; 19:11; 21:5; 22:6).
  • Semantic range: Three overlapping domains: what actually exists vs. illusion (70), what corresponds to fact vs. falsehood (72), what is authentic vs. counterfeit (73). In the vindication declarations, all three dimensions are active: God's judgments are real (not illusory), factual (not false), and authentic (not counterfeit).

euangelion — G2098 (gospel)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2098-euangelion.md

  • Core: Neuter noun, 77 tokens in 74 verses, from eu ("good") + angello ("announce")
  • Translation: "gospel" (94.6%)
  • Distribution: Overwhelmingly Pauline (78% in Paul's letters). Revelation has only 1 occurrence (Rev 14:6) — the sole instance qualified as "everlasting" (aionion).
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:6 "euangelion aionion" — the only NT occurrence of this phrase. The adjective aionios (G166) makes this gospel not a new message but the eternal one, unchanged from creation to consummation.

aionios — G166 (eternal/everlasting)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G166-aionios.md

  • Core: Adjective, modifying euangelion in Rev 14:6
  • Key for this study: The qualifier "everlasting" means this gospel is not confined to the eschatological period. It is the same message given in Eden (Gen 3:15), to Abraham (Gal 3:8), through Moses, and now proclaimed globally for the last time.

phobeo — G5399 (to fear/reverence)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G5399-phobeo.md

  • Core: Verb, 90 unique verses (110 tokens), deponent (middle/passive voice only)
  • Translation: "fear" (27%), "afraid" (24%)
  • Voice/Tense: Rev 14:7 uses Phobethete (aorist passive imperative, 2nd plural) — a decisive call to action, not ongoing fear. The aorist imperative commands a specific act of reverence.
  • Semantic range: Both terror before danger AND reverent awe before God. In Rev 14:7, the context is worship — "Fear God and give glory to him" — placing it in the reverence/worship domain (053.007).
  • Key pattern: The "Fear God" command traces through Deu 6:13 → Ecc 12:13 → 1Pe 2:17 → Rev 14:7, forming the farewell-address pattern.

proskyneo — G4352 (to worship)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4352-proskyneo.md

  • Core: Verb, 54 unique verses (65 tokens), from pros (toward) + kyon (dog — to kiss the hand)
  • Translation: "worship/worshipped" (~100%)
  • Distribution: Revelation dominates (22 occurrences, 41% of all uses, 5.4/100v).
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 proskynesate (aorist active imperative) commands worship of the Creator. Rev 14:9,11 use proskyneo of beast worship. The same verb marks the worship divide: proskyneo the Creator (14:7) vs. proskyneo the beast (14:9). LXX equivalent: H7812 shachah (to bow down/prostrate).

hupomone — G5281 (patience/endurance)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G5281-hupomone.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, 31 unique verses (32 tokens), from hupomeno (to stay under)
  • Translation: "patience" (77.4%)
  • Distribution: Revelation has 7 occurrences (1.7/100v) — all in chs. 1-3 and 13-14.
  • Revelation occurrences: Rev 1:9; 2:2; 2:3; 2:19; 3:10; 13:10; 14:12
  • The hupomone inclusio: Rev 13:10 ("here is the patience and the faith of the saints") opens; Rev 14:12 ("here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus") closes. Same vocabulary, expanded content. The inclusio brackets the three angels' messages within a call to endurance.

pistis — G4102 (faith)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4102-pistis.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, 243 NT occurrences, from peitho (to persuade)
  • Translation: "faith" (68.9%)
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:12 "ten pistin Iesou" — the genitive Iesou can be:
  • Objective genitive: "faith IN Jesus" (trust directed toward Jesus)
  • Subjective genitive: "faith/faithfulness OF Jesus" (the quality of faith that Jesus himself possessed)
  • Both senses are likely intended. The remnant has faith in Jesus AND the kind of faith Jesus demonstrated.

entole — G1785 (commandment)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G1785-entole.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, 65 unique verses (71 tokens), from entellomai (to command)
  • Translation: "commandment(s)" (93.8%)
  • Distribution: Johannine concentration (34% of all uses in John + 1 John + 2 John). Revelation 3 occurrences (0.7/100v): Rev 12:17; 14:12; 22:14.
  • Key for this study: In all three Revelation occurrences, entolai refers to "the commandments of God" (tas entolas tou Theou) — the divine law. The remnant chain (Rev 12:17 → 14:12 → 22:14) consistently identifies commandment-keeping as a defining marker.

tereo — G5083 (to keep/guard)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G5083-tereo.md

  • Core: Verb, 68 unique verses (75 tokens), from teros (a watch)
  • Translation: "keep" (79%), "reserve" (10%), "observe" (6%)
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:12 uses terountes (present active participle) — "those keeping" the commandments. The present tense indicates ongoing, continuous obedience, not a one-time act. tereo implies guarding from loss — watching over the commandments as a valued possession.

ekdikesis — G1557 (vengeance/vindication)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G1557-ekdikesis.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, 9 unique verses (10 tokens), from ek + dike (out of justice)
  • Translation: "vengeance" (33%), "avenge" (33%), "punishment" (11%)
  • Key for this study: Rev 19:2 uses the verb form exedikesen (aorist — "hath avenged"). The aorist marks this as completed action. God has vindicated the blood of his servants. The ekdik- root carries both retributive and restorative senses: justice is done both to punish the oppressor and to restore the oppressed.

erchomai — G2064 (to come)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2064-erchomai.md

  • Core: Verb (deponent), 604 unique verses (664 tokens), suppletive paradigm (present erchomai, aorist elthon)
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 elthen (aorist active indicative 3rd singular) — "is come" (KJV). The aorist treats the judgment's arrival as accomplished fact, not merely impending. This is the constative/summary aorist: the arrival is viewed as a completed event. The judgment has come.

hora — G5610 (hour)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G5610-hora.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, "hour" — a fixed or appointed time
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 "he hora tes kriseos autou" — the definite article (he) marks this as THE hour, a specific appointed time. Not just any judgment moment but the particular hour God appointed for His forensic judgment.

doxa — G1391 (glory)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G1391-doxa.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, "glory/honor"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 "dote auto doxan" (give Him glory) — an aorist imperative commanding a specific act of honoring God. The reason (hoti clause) for giving glory is the coming of judgment. Glory is the appropriate response to God's vindication.

pipto — G4098 (to fall)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4098-pipto.md

  • Core: Verb, "to fall"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:8 uses epesen epesen (double aorist) — "is fallen, is fallen." The doubled verb intensifies the certainty and completeness of Babylon's fall. The aorist treats it as already accomplished (prophetic/proleptic aorist). OT parallel: Isa 21:9 "Babylon is fallen, is fallen" — identical double formulation.

oinos — G3631 (wine)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G3631-oinos.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "wine"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:8 "tou oinou tou thumou tes porneias autes" — a complex genitive chain: "the wine of the wrath of her fornication." Rev 14:10 repeats with "tou oinou tou thumou tou Theou" — "the wine of the wrath of God." The same wine metaphor applies to both Babylon's intoxicating influence and God's retributive judgment.

thumos — G2372 (wrath/fury)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2372-thumos.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "wrath/fury/passion" — intense, often sudden emotion
  • Key for this study: Used in both Rev 14:8 (Babylon's thumos) and 14:10 (God's thumos). Distinguished from orge (G3709): thumos = passionate fury/boiling anger; orge = settled, judicial wrath. The third angel uses BOTH: thumos in the cup's contents, orge in the cup itself (poterio tes orges).

orge — G3709 (anger/wrath)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G3709-orge.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, "anger/wrath" — settled indignation, judicial displeasure
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:10 "to poterio tes orges autou" — the cup of His indignation. Orge is the judicial, deliberate dimension of divine wrath. It operates in tandem with thumos: thumos is the content (passionate judgment), orge is the instrument (cup of settled judicial decree).

porneia — G4202 (fornication)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4202-porneia.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, "fornication/sexual immorality"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:8 "porneias autes" — Babylon's fornication is spiritual unfaithfulness. Rev 17:2 expands: "kings of the earth have committed fornication" with the harlot system. Rev 19:2 confirms: God judged "the great whore which did corrupt the earth with her fornication." The metaphor parallels the OT prophetic tradition (Hos 2; Eze 16; 23) of describing idolatry as adultery.

pege — G4077 (spring/fountain)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4077-pege.md

  • Core: Feminine noun, "spring/fountain/source"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 "pegas hydaton" — fountains of waters. Part of the creation formula. May echo Gen 7:11 ("fountains of the great deep") or the broader creation narrative of water sources.

poieo — G4160 (to make/do)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G4160-poieo.md

  • Core: Verb, "to make/do/create"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:7 "to poiesanti" (aorist active participle, dative) — "him that made." The aorist points to a completed creative act. This participle identifies God as the Creator — the one who made heaven, earth, sea, and fountains. Exo 20:11 uses the same verb (asah, LXX epoiesen) for God's creative work.

martyrion — G3142 (testimony/witness)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G3142-martyrion.md

  • Core: Neuter noun, "testimony/witness/evidence"
  • Key for this study: Rev 11:19 "the ark of his testament (tes diathekes)" — the testimony/covenant contained in the ark. Rev 12:17 uses martyria ("testimony of Jesus").

mysterion — G3466 (mystery)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G3466-mysterion.md

  • Core: Neuter noun, "mystery/secret"
  • Key for this study: Rev 10:7 "the mystery of God should be finished" (telesthei, aorist passive subjunctive). The mystery that reaches completion is linked to the seventh trumpet (Rev 11:15-19) and the three angels' messages that follow. The mystery declared to the prophets finds its public proclamation in the three angels.

chronos — G5550 (time)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G5550-chronos.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "time/period"
  • Key for this study: Rev 10:6 "chronos ouketi estai" — "time shall be no longer." The cessation of prophetic time periods. After the 2300 years terminate in 1844, no further prophetic time period remains. The three angels' messages operate in a post-time-prophecy era.

tsadaq — H6663 (to be righteous/vindicated)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H6663-tsadaq.md

  • Core: Verb, 41 OT occurrences, primitive root
  • Stem distribution: Qal (22, be righteous), Hiphil (12, justify/declare righteous), Piel (5, prove right), Niphal (1, be vindicated), Hithpael (1, clear oneself)
  • Translation: "justify/justified" (~20), "righteous" (~11), "just" (~8), "cleansed" (Dan 8:14 Niphal)
  • The unique Niphal: Dan 8:14 nitsdaq is the ONLY Niphal of tsadaq in the OT — a hapax construction. The Niphal passive declares what God Himself vindicates.
  • The tsadaq root chain: Dan 8:14 nitsdaq (Niphal — sanctuary vindicated) → Dan 12:3 matsdiqey (Hiphil participle — "turn many to righteousness") → Rev 14:12 (saints keep commandments and faith — the human participants in vindication)

tsedeq — H6664 (righteousness)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H6664-tsedeq.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "righteousness/justice"
  • Key for this study: Dan 9:24 "tsedeq olamim" (everlasting righteousness). This is the result of the Messiah's work — the same root that produces nitsdaq in Dan 8:14. The everlasting righteousness brought in by Dan 9:24 is proclaimed by the "everlasting gospel" of Rev 14:6.

qodesh — H6944 (holiness/sanctuary)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H6944-qodesh.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "holiness/sanctuary/holy thing"
  • Key for this study: Dan 8:14 "nitsdaq qodesh" — the sanctuary shall be vindicated. The qodesh is the object of vindication. Rev 11:19 reveals the heavenly temple/sanctuary, setting up the three angels' messages.

tamid — H8548 (continual)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H8548-tamid.md

  • Core: Adverb/noun, 104 OT occurrences, "continual/perpetual"
  • 100% positive across all occurrences — always describes God's worship system
  • Key for this study: Dan 8:11 — the horn removes the tamid (continual ministry). Dan 7:25 — the horn changes times and laws. The first angel's message counters both by calling for worship of the Creator according to His law. The tamid's restoration is part of what nitsdaq accomplishes.

mishpat — H4941 (judgment/verdict)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H4941-mishpat.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "judgment/justice/ordinance"
  • Key for this study: Mishpat is the Hebrew equivalent of krisis. The LXX translates mishpat as krisis, confirming the vocabulary chain: mishpat (H4941) → krisis (G2920) → Rev 14:7.

shaphat — H8199 (to judge)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H8199-shaphat.md

  • Core: Verb, "to judge/govern"
  • Key for this study: The Hebrew judgment verb that produces mishpat. Dan 7:10,22,26 use the Aramaic cognate dina for the throne-room judgment.

emeth — H571 (truth/faithfulness)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/H571-emeth.md

  • Core: Adverb/noun, 125 unique verses, from aman (to be firm)
  • Translation: "truth" cluster (58%), "true" (14.4%), "right" (2.4%), "faithfully" (1.6%)
  • Distribution: Psalms (37x), Isaiah (12x), Proverbs (11x), Daniel (6x, 1.7/100v)
  • Key for this study: Dan 8:12 — the horn "cast down the truth (emeth) to the ground." The vindication declarations restore what was cast down: alethinos (the Greek equivalent of emeth) appears in Rev 15:3; 16:7; 19:2, paired with dikaios (= tsedeq). The emeth-alethinos vocabulary chain connects the horn's attack to the vindication response.

ergon — G2041 (work/deed)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2041-ergon.md

  • Core: Neuter noun, "work/deed"
  • Key for this study: Rev 14:13 "their works do follow them" — erga akolouthe met' auton. The works of the faithful dead follow them into judgment. Connects to "judgment according to works" (Rev 20:12,13).

nomos — G3551 (law)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G3551-nomos.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "law"
  • Key for this study: While nomos does not appear in Rev 14, the concept is present through entole (commandments). The horn attacks "laws" (Dan 7:25, Aramaic dath); the first angel counters by affirming the Creator's authority (Fourth Commandment language); Rev 14:12 identifies those who keep God's commandments.

kyrios — G2962 (Lord)

Source: D:/bible/bible-studies/word-studies/G2962-kyrios.md

  • Core: Masculine noun, "Lord/master"
  • Key for this study: Rev 15:3 "Kyrie ho Theos ho Pantokrator" — Lord God Almighty; Rev 16:5 "Kyrie" — direct address to God in the vindication declarations. God is the Lord (Kyrios) to whom vindication is owed.

Word Groups

WG-judgment.md — Groups: G2920 krisis, G2919 krino, G2917 krima, G1341 dikaiokrasia, H4941 mishpat, H8199 shaphat, H1777 diyn. These form the complete judgment vocabulary from both testaments.

WG-righteousness.md — Groups: G1342 dikaios, G1343 dikaiosyne, G1344 dikaioo, G1345 dikaioma. The Greek righteousness cluster.

WG-hebrew-righteousness.md — Groups: H6663 tsadaq, H6664 tsedeq, H6666 tsedaqah, H6662 tsaddiq. The Hebrew righteousness cluster.

WG-worship.md — Groups: G4352 proskyneo, G4353 proskunetes, G3000 latreuo. The worship verb cluster.

WG-faith.md — Groups: G4102 pistis, G4100 pisteuo, G4103 pistos. The faith cluster.

WG-commandment.md — Groups: G1785 entole, G1781 entellomai. The commandment cluster.

WG-commandment-keeping.md — Groups: G5083 tereo, G5442 phulasso. The two "keep" verbs — tereo (guard/watch over) vs. phulasso (guard from escape).

WG-law.md — Groups: G3551 nomos, G3544 nomikos, G458 anomia. The law cluster.

WG-truth.md — Groups: G225 aletheia, G228 alethinos, G227 alethes. The truth cluster.

WG-fear.md — Groups: G5399 phobeo, G5401 phobos. The fear cluster.

WG-gospel.md — Groups: G2098 euangelion, G2097 euangelizo. The gospel cluster.

WG-angel.md — Groups: G32 aggelos, G743 archangelos. The angel/messenger cluster.

WG-continual-worship.md — Groups the tamid-related vocabulary.

WG-service-worship.md — Groups: G3000 latreuo, G2999 latreia. The service/worship cluster.

Translation Relationship: TR-basar-euangelizo.md — The basar→euangelizo gospel translation chain, linking OT "good tidings" (H1319 basar) to NT "gospel" (G2097/G2098).

Fresh Lookups (no library entry)

anapausis — G372 (rest/cessation)

Source: Fresh lookup (no library entry; Phase 3.5 generation did not complete)

  • Original: ἀνάπαυσις
  • Transliteration: anápausis
  • Part of Speech: Feminine noun
  • Occurrences: 5 in NT
  • Translation: "rest" (80%), "they rest" (20%)
  • Occurrences: Mat 11:29; 12:43; Luk 11:24; Rev 4:8 (replaced by Phlm 1:7 in some lists); Rev 14:11
  • Definition: From G373 anapauo; intermission; recreation; rest

Key for this study: Rev 14:11 "ouk echousin anapausin hemeras kai nuktos" — "they have no rest day nor night." The beast-worshippers are denied anapausis. Rev 14:13 uses the verb form anapahesontai (future passive, G373) — "they shall rest from their labours." Same root (anapauo/anapausis), opposite outcomes.

The rest/no-rest antithesis: | | Rev 14:11 | Rev 14:13 | |---|-----------|-----------| | Subject | Beast worshippers | Those who die in the Lord | | Rest | ouk echousin anapausin (no rest) | anapahesontai (they shall rest) | | Duration | hemeras kai nuktos (day and night) | apo ton kopon (from their labours) | | Root | G372 anapausis | G373 anapauo |

This antithesis links to Sabbath-rest theology (Heb 4:9 — "there remaineth a rest for the people of God"). The creation Sabbath rest (Gen 2:2-3) provides the theological foundation for the rest promised to the faithful.

makarios — G3107 (blessed)

Source: Fresh lookup (no library entry; Phase 3.5 generation did not complete)

  • Original: μακάριος
  • Transliteration: makários
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Occurrences: 50 in NT
  • Translation: "Blessed" (60%), "blessed" (26%), "happy" (8%)
  • Key occurrences: Mat 5:3-11 (Beatitudes); Rev 1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:14 (Revelation beatitudes)

The Seven Revelation Beatitudes: Rev 1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:7; 22:14. Rev 14:13 is the second beatitude: "Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth." It sits within the three angels' messages as the counterpoint to the third angel's warning.

martyreo — G3140 (to testify/bear witness)

Source: Fresh lookup (no library entry; Phase 3.5 generation did not complete)

  • Original: μαρτυρέω
  • Transliteration: martyreō
  • Part of Speech: Verb
  • Occurrences: 86 total (79 unique in BLB)
  • Translation: "bear witness" (10.5%), "witness" (5.8%), "bare record" (5.8%), "testify" (4.7%)
  • Key for this study: Rev 19:10 "he martyria Iesou estin to pneuma tes propheteias" — "the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." Rev 12:17 identifies the remnant as having "the testimony (martyrian) of Jesus Christ." This links the remnant's identity to prophetic witness.

semeion — G4592 (sign/mark)

Source: Fresh lookup (no library entry; Phase 3.5 generation did not complete)

  • Original: σημεῖον
  • Transliteration: sēmeion
  • Part of Speech: Neuter noun
  • Occurrences: 77 in NT
  • Translation: "signs" (24.7%), "sign" (19.5%), "miracles" (15.6%)
  • Key for this study: Rev 13:13 (beast performs signs); Rev 15:1 (seven last plagues as a "sign"); Rev 16:14; 19:20. The seal/mark contrast: Rev 14:1 (Father's name on foreheads) vs. Rev 13:16-17 (mark of the beast). The sign vocabulary connects to the broader Revelation battle between true and counterfeit worship systems.

Additional Fresh Lookups (no library entry)

H6666 tsedaqah — feminine form of tsedeq, "righteousness." Part of the Hebrew righteousness word group. No separate library entry but covered by WG-hebrew-righteousness.md.

G1341 dikaiokrasia — "righteous judgment." Single NT occurrence: Rom 2:5 ("the righteous judgment of God"). Compound of dikaios + krisis. Combines both terms that appear separately in the vindication declarations.

H1777 diyn — Aramaic "to rule/judge." Dan 7:10,22,26 use this root for the judgment scene. The Aramaic dina corresponds to Hebrew mishpat and Greek krisis, completing the three-language chain: diyn (Aramaic) → mishpat (Hebrew) → krisis (Greek) → Rev 14:7.

G5278 hupomeno — verb "to endure," root of hupomone (G5281). Covered by the library entry for hupomone.

G3114 makrothumeo — "to be longsuffering." Related patience concept but distinct from hupomone. Makrothumeo = patience toward persons; hupomone = endurance under circumstances. The remnant exhibits hupomone — steadfastness under pressure — not merely longsuffering toward people.