Skip to content

Topics Research

Question

What is the complete step-by-step ritual sequence of the Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16? Does the ritual have a chiastic structure? How do the two goats function? What does Lev 16:16's three-term formula cover? What does Lev 23:29's 'afflict your souls' mean?

Topics

ATONEMENT

  • For tabernacle and furniture: LEV 16:15-20,33
  • In consummation of the Levites: NUM 8:21
  • For those defiled by the dead: NUM 6:11
  • Made for houses: LEV 14:53
  • For sin (see below)
  • By meat offerings: LEV 5:11-13
  • By jewels: NUM 31:50
  • By money: EXO 30:12-16; LEV 5:15,16; 2KI 12:16
  • By incense: NUM 16:46-50
  • DAY OF
  • Time of: EXO 30:10; LEV 23:27; 25:9; NUM 29:7
  • How observed: EXO 30:10; LEV 16:2-34; 23:27-32; NUM 29:7-11; ACT 27:9; HEB 5:3; 9:7,19,22
  • MADE BY ANIMAL SACRIFICES: EXO 29:36; 30:12-16; LEV 1:4; 4:20,22-35; 5:6-10; 6:7; 9:7; 10:17; 12:6-8; 14:12-32; 16:6,10,11,15-19,24-34; 17:11; 19:22; NUM 15:22-28; 28:22,30; 29:5,10,11; HEB 9:22
  • MADE BY JESUS: Divinely ordained (LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12; COL 1:19,20; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8); Made but once (HEB 7:27; 9:24-28; 10:10,12,14; 1PE 3:18); Redemption by (MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9)
  • TYPIFIED: GEN 4:4 with HEB 11:4; GEN 22:2 with HEB 11:17,19; EXO 12:5,11,14 with 1CO 5:7; EXO 24:8 with HEB 9:20; LEV 16:30,34 with HEB 9:7,12,28; LEV 17:11 with HEB 9:22
  • Unclassified scriptures: PSA 40:6,7; ISA 53:4-12; DAN 9:24-27; ZEC 13:1; MAT 26:28; JHN 1:29,36; ROM 3:24-26; 4:25; 5:1,2,6-11; 1CO 1:17,18; 15:3; 2CO 5:18,19; GAL 1:3,4; EPH 1:7; 2:13-18; COL 1:14,19-22; HEB 1:3; 2:9,17; 9:12-15,25,26; 10:1-20; 12:24; 13:12,20,21; 1PE 1:18-20; 2:24; 3:18; 1JN 1:7; 2:2; REV 1:5; 5:9; 7:14; 12:11

SCAPEGOAT

  • General scriptures concerning: LEV 16:7-10,20-34

PURIFICATION

  • (Sanitary and symbolical)
  • For women: Before marriage (EST 2:12); After childbirth (LEV 12:6-8; LUK 2:22); After menstruation (LEV 15:19-33)
  • By blood: EXO 24:5-8; LEV 14:6,7; HEB 9:12-14,19-22
  • By abstaining from sexual intercourse: EXO 19:15
  • Penalty for non-observance: LEV 7:20,21; NUM 19:13,20
  • Water of purification: NUM 19:17-21; 31:23
  • Figurative: PSA 26:6; 51:7; EZK 36:25; HEB 10:22
  • Related scriptures: GEN 35:2; EXO 19:10,14; LEV 8:6; 14:8,9; 15:4-13,16-27; 16:4,24,26,28; 17:15; NUM 8:6,7,21; HEB 9:10

INCENSE

  • Formula: EXO 30:34,35
  • Uses: EXO 30:36-38; LEV 16:12; NUM 16:17,40,46; DEU 33:10
  • Offered morning and evening: EXO 30:7,8; 2CH 13:11
  • On the golden altar: EXO 30:1-7; 40:5,27
  • In making atonement: LEV 16:12,13; NUM 16:46,47; LUK 1:10
  • Offered by Nadab and Abihu in unauthorized manner: LEV 10:1,2
  • Figurative: Of prayer (PSA 141:2); Of praise (MAL 1:11)
  • Symbolical: Of the prayers of saints (REV 5:8; 8:3,4)

SPRINKLING

  • Of blood: LEV 14:7,51; 16:14; HEB 9:13,19,21; 11:28; 12:24; 1PE 1:2
  • Of water: NUM 8:7; EZK 36:25; HEB 9:19; 10:22

BLOOD

  • Is the life: GEN 9:4; LEV 17:11,14; DEU 12:23
  • SACRIFICIAL: Without shedding of, no remission (HEB 9:22)
  • OF SIN OFFERING: Sprinkled seven times before the curtain (LEV 4:5,6,17); On horns of altar of sweet incense and at bottom of altar of burnt offering (EXO 30:10; LEV 4:7,18,25,30; 5:9; 9:9,12)
  • OF ATONEMENT: Sprinkled on the mercy seat (LEV 16:14,15,18,19,27; 17:11)
  • OF CHRIST: MAT 26:28; ROM 3:24,25; HEB 9:12-14; 10:19,20; 13:12,20; 1PE 1:2,18,19; 1JN 1:7; REV 1:5; 5:9; 7:14; 12:11

SANCTUARY

  • In the tabernacle: HEB 9:2
  • Divine dwelling place: EXO 25:8
  • Reverence for: LEV 19:30; 26:2
  • In charge of high priest: EXO 27:21; LEV 24:3; NUM 18:5
  • Symbolical: HEB 8:2,5

SELF-DENIAL

  • General scriptures: GEN 22:1-12; MAT 16:24,25; ROM 6:6,13,16,19; 12:1; GAL 2:20; PHP 3:7,8; HEB 11:25; 13:13
  • Instances: Abraham (GEN 13:9); Moses (HEB 11:25; NUM 16:15); Daniel (DAN 1:8; 10:3)

FASTING

  • Observed on occasions of public calamities: 2SA 1:12
  • Afflictions: PSA 35:13; DAN 6:18
  • Accompanied by prayer: DAN 9:3
  • Confession of sin: 1SA 7:6; NEH 9:1,2
  • Humiliation: DEU 9:18; NEH 9:1
  • Unclassified scriptures: EZR 8:21-23; PSA 35:13; 69:10; ISA 58:3-7; DAN 10:3; JOL 1:14; 2:12,13; ZEC 7:5; 8:19; MAT 6:16-18; ACT 27:9

LINEN

  • Exported from Egypt (1KI 10:28) and Syria (EZK 27:16)
  • Curtains of the tabernacle: EXO 26:1; 27:9
  • Vestments of priests: EXO 28:5-8,15,39-42
  • For men: GEN 41:42; EZK 9:2; LUK 16:19
  • Figurative: Pure and white, of righteousness (REV 15:6; 19:8,14)

GOAT

  • Ceremonially clean: DEU 14:4; LEV 11:1-8
  • Used for food: GEN 27:9; 1SA 16:20
  • For paschal feast: EXO 12:5; 2CH 35:7
  • As sacrifice by Abraham: GEN 15:9
  • CONSECRATION (from naves_semantic): PSA 51:17; ROM 6:13,16,19; 12:1; HEB 13:12,20,21
  • HOLINESS (from naves_semantic): LEV 10:8-10; 11:44,45; 19:2; 20:7,26; EXO 19:6; 28:36; HEB 12:14