Raw Greek Parsing Output¶
Romans 3:25 — hilasterion + dikaiosyne¶
ὃν hos G3739 Rel.Pron Acc Sg M whom
προέθετο protithemai G4388 Aor Mid Ind 3S set forth
ὁ Θεός ho theos G2316 Nom Sg M God
ἱλαστήριον hilasterion G2435 Acc Sg N propitiation/mercy seat
διὰ dia G1223 Prep through
πίστεως pistis G4102 Gen Sg F faith
ἐν τῷ αὐτοῦ αἵματι en to autou haimati in his blood
εἰς eis G1519 Prep for/unto
ἔνδειξιν endeixis G1732 Acc Sg F demonstration/declaration
τῆς δικαιοσύνης tes dikaiosynes G1343 Gen Sg F of [his] righteousness
αὐτοῦ autou G846 Gen Sg M his
διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν dia ten paresin G3929 Acc Sg F because of the passing over
τῶν προγεγονότων ἁμαρτημάτων ton progegonton hamartematon G265 Gen Pl N of past sins
Key vocabulary: - hilasterion (G2435) = the mercy seat / propitiation. Acc Sg N. Same word used in Heb 9:5 for the kapporeth. God set forth Christ AS the hilasterion. - dikaiosyne (G1343) = righteousness. Gen Sg F. God's righteousness is what is being declared/demonstrated. - The kaphar→tsedeq bridge of Dan 9:24 becomes hilasterion→dikaiosyne in Rom 3:25.
Romans 3:26 — dikaios + dikaioo¶
πρὸς τὴν ἔνδειξιν pros ten endeixin G1732 for the demonstration
τῆς δικαιοσύνης tes dikaiosynes G1343 of [his] righteousness
αὐτοῦ autou G846 his
ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ en to nyn kairo G2540 at the present time
εἰς τὸ εἶναι eis to einai G1510 in order that he might be
αὐτὸν auton G846 him(self)
δίκαιον dikaion G1342 just/righteous (Adj Acc Sg M)
καὶ kai G2532 and
δικαιοῦντα dikaiounta G1344 the one justifying (Pres Act Ptcp Acc Sg M)
τὸν ἐκ πίστεως ton ek pisteos G4102 the one of faith
Ἰησοῦ Iesou G2424 of Jesus
Key vocabulary: - dikaion (G1342) = "just" — God himself IS righteous - dikaiounta (G1344) = "the one justifying" — Present Active Participle: God IS ACTIVELY justifying - Both dikaios + dikaioo in the same clause: "that he might be just [dikaion] AND the justifier [dikaiounta]" - This is the NT synthesis of the kaphar→tsedeq bridge: propitiation demonstrates that God is both righteous and the one who makes righteous.
Hebrews 9:23 — Heavenly Sanctuary Cleansing¶
Ἀνάγκη ananke G318 Nom Sg F necessity
τὰ ὑποδείγματα ta hypodeigmata G5262 Acc Pl N the patterns/copies
τῶν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς ton en tois ouranois G3772 in the heavens
τούτοις toutois G3778 Dat Pl N with these [sacrifices]
καθαρίζεσθαι katharizesthai G2511 Pres Pass Inf to be purified/cleansed
αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ ἐπουράνια auta de ta epourania G2032 Acc Pl N the heavenly things themselves
κρείττοσιν θυσίαις kreittosiv thysiais G2378 Dat Pl F with better sacrifices
παρὰ ταύτας para tautas G3778 than these
Key vocabulary: - katharizesthai (G2511) = "to be cleansed/purified" — Present Passive Infinitive of katharizo. This is the LXX's standard rendering of taher (H2891). - ta epourania (G2032) = "the heavenly things" — distinct from the earthly "patterns" (hypodeigmata). The heavenly realities needed their own (better) purification. - The earthly DOA formula: kaphar → taher (Lev 16:30) - The heavenly equivalent: better sacrifices → katharizesthai (Heb 9:23) - The Dan 9:24 elevation: kaphar → tsedeq (beyond cleansing to vindication)
Hebrews 1:9 — Anointing Vocabulary¶
ἠγάπησας egapesas G25 Aor Act Ind 2S thou hast loved
δικαιοσύνην dikaiosynen G1343 Acc Sg F righteousness
καὶ kai G2532 Conj and
ἐμίσησας emisesas G3404 Aor Act Ind 2S thou hast hated
ἀνομίαν anomian G458 Acc Sg F iniquity/lawlessness
διὰ τοῦτο dia touto G3778 because of this
ἔχρισέν echrisen G5548 Aor Act Ind 3S anointed
σε se G4771 Acc Sg thee
ὁ Θεός ho theos G2316 Nom Sg M God
ὁ Θεός σου ho theos sou G2316 Nom Sg M thy God
ἔλαιον ἀγαλλιάσεως elaion agalliaseos G20 Gen Sg F oil of gladness
παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους σου para tous metochous sou G3353 above thy fellows
Key vocabulary: - echrisen (G5548) = "anointed" — Aorist Active Indicative 3S of chrio. God is the subject who anoints. - dikaiosynen (G1343) = "righteousness" — what the anointed one loved. Same word as in Rom 3:25-26. - anomian (G458) = "lawlessness" — what was hated. LXX rendering of pesha and avon. - Quoting Psalm 45:7. The anointing follows moral qualification: righteousness loved → then anointed. - This connects to Dan 9:24: "everlasting righteousness" (tsedeq→dikaiosyne) + "anoint the most holy" (mashach→chrio). Both vocabulary streams appear in Heb 1:9.