Verses¶
Primary Verses¶
Exodus 28 — The High Priestly Garments (Full Chapter)¶
28:1 And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's sons. 28:2 And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty. 28:3 And thou shalt speak unto all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron's garments to consecrate him, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office. 28:4 And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office. 28:5 And they shall take gold, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen. 28:6-8 [Ephod construction — gold, blue, purple, scarlet, fine twined linen with cunning work; two shoulderpieces joined; curious girdle of the same work.] 28:9 And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel: 28:10 Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth. 28:11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold. 28:12 And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial. 28:13-14 [Gold ouches and wreathen chains.] 28:15 And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it. 28:16-20 [Foursquare, doubled; four rows of precious stones — sardius/topaz/carbuncle; emerald/sapphire/diamond; ligure/agate/amethyst; beryl/onyx/jasper — set in gold.] 28:21 And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes. 28:22-28 [Chains and rings fastening breastplate to ephod, bound with blue lace.] 28:29 And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment upon his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy place, for a memorial before the LORD continually. 28:30 And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron's heart, when he goeth in before the LORD: and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the LORD continually. 28:31-34 [The robe of the ephod — all of blue; hole in top; pomegranates of blue/purple/scarlet on hem; bells of gold between them.] 28:35 And it shall be upon Aaron to minister: and his sound shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the LORD, and when he cometh out, that he die not. 28:36 And thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and grave upon it, like the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 28:37 And thou shalt put it on a blue lace, that it may be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be. 28:38 And it shall be upon Aaron's forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the LORD. 28:39 And thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen, and thou shalt make the mitre of fine linen, and thou shalt make the girdle of needlework. 28:40 And for Aaron's sons thou shalt make coats, and thou shalt make for them girdles, and bonnets shalt thou make for them, for glory and for beauty. 28:41 And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him; and shalt anoint them, and consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office. 28:42 And thou shalt make them linen breeches to cover their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall reach: 28:43 And they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sons, when they come in unto the tabernacle of the congregation, or when they come near unto the altar to minister in the holy place; that they bear not iniquity, and die: it shall be a statute for ever unto him and his seed after him.
Four Modes of Priestly Nasa in Exodus 28: 1. Shoulders/Ephod (v. 12): nasa shemotam — bear their NAMES (strength/representation) 2. Heart/Breastplate (v. 29): nasa shemot — bear their NAMES (love/memorial) 3. Heart/Urim-Thummim (v. 30): nasa mishpat — bear their JUDGMENT (decision/discernment) 4. Forehead/Gold Plate (v. 38): nasa avon ha-qodashim — bear INIQUITY of holy things (sin-bearing/acceptance)
Exodus 29 — Priestly Consecration Ceremony (Full Chapter)¶
29:1-3 [Consecration materials: young bullock, two rams, unleavened bread/cakes/wafers in a basket.] 29:4 And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash them with water. 29:5 And thou shalt take the garments, and put upon Aaron the coat, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the curious girdle of the ephod: 29:6 And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and put the holy crown upon the mitre. 29:7 Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. 29:8-9 [Sons receive coats, girdles, bonnets; priest's office is perpetual statute; consecrate Aaron and his sons.] 29:10-14 [Bullock for sin offering — hands on head, blood on altar horns, flesh/skin/dung burned outside camp.] 29:15-18 [First ram as burnt offering — hands on head, blood sprinkled, whole ram burned on altar.] 29:19-20 [Second ram (ram of consecration) — hands on head; blood put on tip of right ear, thumb of right hand, great toe of right foot of Aaron and sons.] 29:21 And thou shalt take of the blood that is upon the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be hallowed, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him. 29:22-25 [Fat, rump, liver caul, kidneys, right shoulder of the ram of consecration — placed in their hands, waved, burned on altar.] 29:26-28 [Breast waved, shoulder heaved — priestly portion forever.] 29:29 And the holy garments of Aaron shall be his sons' after him, to be anointed therein, and to be consecrated in them. 29:30 And that son that is priest in his stead shall put them on seven days, when he cometh into the tabernacle of the congregation to minister in the holy place. 29:31-34 [Ram of consecration seethed and eaten in the holy place by Aaron and sons; remainder burned by morning.] 29:33 And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy. 29:35 Seven days shalt thou consecrate them. 29:36-37 [Daily bullock for sin offering/atonement for altar; seven days of atonement for altar; altar becomes most holy.] 29:38-42 [Two lambs daily — continual (tamid) burnt offering.] 29:43-46 [God will meet with Israel; tabernacle sanctified by glory; God will dwell among them.]
Leviticus 8 — Consecration Enacted (Full Chapter)¶
8:1-5 [LORD commands Moses to take Aaron, sons, garments, anointing oil, bullock, two rams, basket of unleavened bread; gather congregation.] 8:6 And Moses brought Aaron and his sons, and washed them with water. 8:7 And he put upon him the coat, and girded him with the girdle, and clothed him with the robe, and put the ephod upon him, and he girded him with the curious girdle of the ephod, and bound it unto him therewith. 8:8 And he put the breastplate upon him: also he put in the breastplate the Urim and the Thummim. 8:9 And he put the mitre upon his head; also upon the mitre, even upon his forefront, did he put the golden plate, the holy crown; as the LORD commanded Moses. 8:10-12 [Moses anointed tabernacle and all therein; sprinkled altar seven times; poured anointing oil on Aaron's head.] 8:13 [Moses clothed Aaron's sons — coats, girdles, bonnets.] 8:14-17 [Bullock for sin offering — hands laid, blood on altar horns, burned outside camp.] 8:18-21 [Ram for burnt offering — hands laid, blood sprinkled, whole ram burned.] 8:22-24 [Ram of consecration — hands laid; blood on right ear tip, right thumb, right great toe of Aaron and sons.] 8:25-29 [Fat, shoulder, bread placed on their hands, waved; Moses took breast and waved it.] 8:30 And Moses took of the anointing oil, and of the blood which was upon the altar, and sprinkled it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon his sons' garments with him; and sanctified Aaron, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him. 8:31-32 [Eat flesh and bread at door of tabernacle; remainder burned.] 8:33 And ye shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle of the congregation in seven days, until the days of your consecration be at an end: for seven days shall he consecrate you. 8:34-36 [As done this day, so the LORD commanded; abide at the door day and night seven days, that ye die not; Aaron and sons did all things commanded.]
Leviticus 10:16-20 — The Junction Text¶
10:16 And Moses diligently sought the goat of the sin offering, and, behold, it was burnt: and he was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, the sons of Aaron which were left alive, saying, 10:17 Wherefore have ye not eaten the sin offering in the holy place, seeing it is most holy, and God hath given it you to bear the iniquity of the congregation, to make atonement for them before the LORD? 10:18 Behold, the blood of it was not brought in within the holy place: ye should indeed have eaten it in the holy place, as I commanded. 10:19 And Aaron said unto Moses, Behold, this day have they offered their sin offering and their burnt offering before the LORD; and such things have befallen me: and if I had eaten the sin offering to day, should it have been accepted in the sight of the LORD? 10:20 And when Moses heard that, he was content.
Context (Lev 10:1-15): Nadab and Abihu offered strange fire and were consumed (vv. 1-2). Moses: "I will be sanctified in them that come nigh me" (v. 3). Remaining sons forbidden to mourn (v. 6) or leave tabernacle (v. 7). Wine prohibition for priests (vv. 8-11). Instructions for eating priestly portions (vv. 12-15).
Numbers 18:1-7 — Bearing Iniquity of the Sanctuary¶
18:1 And the LORD said unto Aaron, Thou and thy sons and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary: and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood. 18:2-4 [Levites to minister alongside but not touch vessels of sanctuary or altar, lest they die. A stranger shall not come nigh.] 18:5 And ye shall keep the charge of the sanctuary, and the charge of the altar: that there be no wrath any more upon the children of Israel. 18:6 [Levites given as a gift to the LORD for tabernacle service.] 18:7 Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and within the vail; and ye shall serve: I have given your priest's office unto you as a service of gift: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death.
Zechariah 3:1-10 — The Prophetic Garment Exchange (Full Chapter)¶
3:1 And he shewed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him. 3:2 And the LORD said unto Satan, The LORD rebuke thee, O Satan; even the LORD that hath chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee: is not this a brand plucked out of the fire? 3:3 Now Joshua was clothed with filthy garments [begadim tso'im], and stood before the angel. 3:4 And he answered and spake unto those that stood before him, saying, Take away the filthy garments from him. And unto him he said, Behold, I have caused thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with change of raiment [machalatsot]. 3:5 And I said, Let them set a fair mitre [tsaniyph tahor] upon his head. So they set a fair mitre upon his head, and clothed him with garments. And the angel of the LORD stood by. 3:6-7 [The angel protested unto Joshua: If thou walk in my ways and keep my charge, thou shalt judge my house and keep my courts.] 3:8 Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou, and thy fellows that sit before thee: for they are men wondered at: for, behold, I will bring forth my servant the BRANCH. 3:9 For behold the stone that I have laid before Joshua; upon one stone shall be seven eyes: behold, I will engrave the graving thereof, saith the LORD of hosts, and I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day. 3:10 In that day, saith the LORD of hosts, shall ye call every man his neighbour under the vine and under the fig tree.
Hebrews 7 — Christ's Priestly Qualification (Full Chapter)¶
7:1-10 [Melchizedek: king of Salem, priest of most high God; without father/mother/descent; Abraham gave him tithes; Levi paid tithes through Abraham.] 7:11 If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood... what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron? 7:12 For the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessity a change also of the law. 7:13-14 [Christ pertains to Judah, not Levi.] 7:15-17 [After the similitude of Melchisedec — not carnal commandment but power of endless life.] 7:18-19 [Disannulling of the commandment for weakness; the law made nothing perfect; bringing in of a better hope.] 7:20-22 [With an oath — "Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec" — Jesus surety of a better testament.] 7:23-24 [Many priests because of death; this man continueth ever — unchangeable priesthood.] 7:25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. 7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy [hosios], harmless [akakos], undefiled [amiantos], separate from sinners [kechorismenos apo ton hamartolon], and made higher than the heavens [hypselos ton ouranon genomenos]; 7:27 Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up [anaphero] sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this he did once, when he offered up himself [heauton anenengkas]. 7:28 For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated [teteleiomenon — perfect passive participle of teleioo] for evermore.
Zechariah 14:16-21 — Eschatological Extension of "HOLINESS TO THE LORD"¶
14:16 And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles. 14:17-19 [Nations that refuse — no rain; Egypt punished.] 14:20 In that day shall there be upon the bells of the horses, HOLINESS UNTO THE LORD [qodesh la-YHWH]; and the pots in the LORD's house shall be like the bowls before the altar. 14:21 Yea, every pot in Jerusalem and in Judah shall be holiness unto the LORD of hosts: and all they that sacrifice shall come and take of them, and seethe therein: and in that day there shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of the LORD of hosts.
Hebrews 5:1-10 — Christ's Priestly Appointment¶
5:1 For every high priest taken from among men is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins: 5:2 Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way; for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity. 5:3 And by reason hereof he ought, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins. 5:4 And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. 5:5 So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. 5:6 As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec. 5:7 Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up [prosenenkas — aorist active participle of prosphero] prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; 5:8 Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered; 5:9 And being made perfect [teleiotheis], he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him; 5:10 Called of God an high priest [archiereus] after the order of Melchisedec.
Exodus 39:30-31 — Parallel Gold Plate Description¶
39:30 And they made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and wrote upon it a writing, like to the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 39:31 And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre; as the LORD commanded Moses.
Leviticus 16:4 — DOA Linen Garments¶
16:4 He shall put on the holy linen coat, and he shall have the linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded with a linen girdle, and with the linen mitre shall he be attired: these are holy garments; therefore shall he wash his flesh in water, and so put them on.
Secondary Verses¶
Forehead Chain — Gold Plate to Father's Name¶
Ezekiel 9:4 And the LORD said unto him, Go through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem, and set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all the abominations that be done in the midst thereof.
Revelation 7:3 Saying, Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, till we have sealed the servants of our God in their foreheads.
Revelation 14:1 And I looked, and, lo, a Lamb stood on the mount Sion, and with him an hundred forty and four thousand, having his Father's name written in their foreheads.
Revelation 22:4 And they shall see his face; and his name shall be in their foreheads.
Deuteronomy 6:8 And thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thine hand, and they shall be as frontlets between thine eyes.
Priestly Sin-Bearing Fulfilled¶
Isaiah 53:12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many [nasa chet rabbim], and made intercession [yaphgia] for the transgressors.
Hebrews 9:28 So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many [anenenkein hamartias]; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.
1 Peter 2:24 Who his own self bare our sins [anenengken... hamartias] in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.
Romans 8:34 Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.
Hebrews 7:25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
Garments of Righteousness¶
Isaiah 61:10 I will greatly rejoice in the LORD, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.
Ezekiel 21:26 — Prophetic Removal of Priestly Turban¶
Ezekiel 21:26 Thus saith the Lord GOD; Remove the diadem [mitsnepheth], and take off the crown: this shall not be the same: exalt him that is low, and abase him that is high.