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Question

Why is the specific mode of Christ's death -- crucifixion, "hanging on a tree" -- theologically significant, and how do Deuteronomy 21:22-23, Galatians 3:13, Acts 5:30, Acts 10:39, and 1 Peter 2:24 develop this?

Topics

CRUCIFIXION

  • The reproach of GAL 3:13; 5:11
  • Of Jesus (See JESUS, HISTORY OF)
  • Of two criminals MAT 27:38
  • Of disciples, foretold MAT 23:34
  • FIGURATIVE ROM 6:6; GAL 2:20; 5:24; 6:14

CROSS

  • Jesus crucified on MAT 27:32; MRK 15:21; LUK 23:26; ACT 2:23,36; 4:10; 1CO 1:23; 2:2,8; EPH 2:16; PHP 2:8; COL 1:20; 2:14; HEB 12:2
  • Carried by Simon MAT 27:32; MRK 15:21; LUK 23:26; by Jesus JHN 19:17
  • FIGURATIVE MAT 10:38; 16:24; MRK 8:34; 10:21; LUK 9:23; 14:27; 1CO 1:17,18; GAL 5:11; 6:14; PHP 3:18

HANGING

  • Capital punishment by GEN 40:19-22; JOS 8:29; 2SA 4:12; EST 7:10
  • The curse of death by DEU 21:22,23; GAL 3:13

GALLOWS

  • Used for execution of criminals EST 2:23; 5:14; 6:4; 7:9,10; 9:13,25
  • Reproach of being hanged upon GAL 3:13

CURSE

  • Denounced against the serpent GEN 3:14,15; Adam and Eve GEN 3:15-19; the ground GEN 3:17,18; Cain GEN 4:11-16; Canaan GEN 9:24-27; Meroz JDG 5:23; Gehazi 2KI 5:27
  • Barak commands Balaam to curse Israel NUM 22:6; 23:11
  • CURSES OF THE MOSAIC LAW DEU 27:1-26; JOS 8:30-34

ACCURSED

  • What so called DEU 21:23; JOS 6:17; 7:1; 1CH 2:7; ISA 65:20; GAL 1:8

TREE

  • Of life GEN 2:9; 3:22,24; REV 22:14
  • Of knowledge GEN 2:9,17; 3:3-6,11,12,17
  • FIGURATIVE PSA 1:3; JER 17:8
  • SYMBOLICAL DAN 4:10-12

ATONEMENT

  • MADE BY JESUS: Divinely ordained LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12; COL 1:19,20; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8
  • Made but once HEB 7:27; 9:24-28; 10:10,12,14; 1PE 3:18
  • Redemption by MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; 1TI 2:6; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9
  • Unclassified scriptures including 1PE 2:24; ISA 53:4-12; DAN 9:24-27

REDEMPTION

  • OF OUR SOULS PSA 111:9; 130:7; MAT 20:28; MRK 10:45; LUK 2:38; ACT 20:28; ROM 3:24-26; 1CO 1:30; 6:20; 7:23; GAL 1:4; 2:20; 4:4,5; EPH 1:7; 5:2; COL 1:14,20-22; 1TI 2:6; TIT 2:14; HEB 9:12,15; 1PE 1:18,19; REV 5:9,10

PETER

  • Biographical entry covers all relevant sermon contexts:
  • Pentecost sermon ACT 2:14-40
  • Temple healing/sermon ACT 3
  • Before council ACT 4:1-23
  • Imprisoned and scourged; defense before the council ACT 5:17-42 (includes 5:30)
  • Vision, Cornelius household ACT 10 (includes 10:39)
  • Advocates Gentile mission ACT 11:1-18; 15:7-11
  • Writes epistles 1PE 1:1; 2PE 1:1
  • PERSECUTION (of Jesus): ACT 2:23; 3:13-15; 4:27; 7:52; 13:27-29 — the "you killed him" accusatory formula across Acts
  • PUNISHMENT: Referenced by both HANGING and GALLOWS entries — the Deuteronomic context
  • SELF-DENIAL: Cross-bearing figurative usage connects to the crucifixion theme