Raw Greek Parsing Data¶

Galatians 3:1-5¶

Gal 3:1¶

Greek: Ω ανοητοι Γαλαται, τις υμας εβασκανεν, οις κατ' οφθαλμους Ιησους Χριστος προεγραφη εσταυρωμενος; Key parsing: - εβασκανεν (baskainō G940) — Aor Act Ind 3S: "bewitched" — completed action - προεγραφη (prographō G4270) — Aor Pass Ind 3S: "was publicly set forth/portrayed" - εσταυρωμενος (stauroō G4717) — Perf Pass Ptcp Nom Sg M: "having been crucified" — perfect tense = ongoing state resulting from past act

Gal 3:2¶

Greek: τουτο μονον θελω μαθειν αφ' υμων, εξ εργων νομου το Πνευμα ελαβετε η εξ ακοης πιστεως; Key parsing: - ελαβετε (lambanō G2983) — Aor Act Ind 2P: "did you receive" — definite past event - εξ εργων νομου: "from works of law" (ek + gen pl + gen sg) - εξ ακοης πιστεως: "from hearing of faith" — ακοη (akoē G189) Gen Sg F + πιστις (pistis G4102) Gen Sg F

Gal 3:3¶

Greek: ουτως ανοητοι εστε; εναρξαμενοι Πνευματι νυν σαρκι επιτελεισθε; Key parsing: - εναρξαμενοι (enarchomai G1728) — Aor Mid Ptcp Nom Pl M: "having begun" - Πνευματι — Dat Sg N: instrumental dative — "by the Spirit" - σαρκι — Dat Sg F: instrumental dative — "by the flesh" - επιτελεισθε (epiteleō G2005) — Pres M/P Ind 2P: "are you being perfected/completed"

Gal 3:5¶

Greek: ο ουν επιχορηγων υμιν το Πνευμα και ενεργων δυναμεις εν υμιν, εξ εργων νομου η εξ ακοης πιστεως; Key parsing: - επιχορηγων (epichorēgeō G2023) — Pres Act Ptcp Nom Sg M: "the one supplying/providing" - ενεργων (energeō G1754) — Pres Act Ptcp Nom Sg M: "the one working/producing" - Both present participles: ongoing action — God continually supplies the Spirit and works miracles

Galatians 3:10¶

Greek: Οσοι γαρ εξ εργων νομου εισιν, υπο καταραν εισιν, γεγραπται γαρ οτι Επικαταρατος πας ος ουκ εμμενει πασιν τοις γεγραμμενοις εν τω βιβλιω του νομου του ποιησαι αυτα. Key parsing: - υπο καταραν (hypo kataran) — "under a curse" — hypo + accusative = under authority/dominion - γεγραπται (graphō G1125) — Perf Pass Ind 3S: "it stands written" — permanent authority of Scripture - Επικαταρατος (epikataratos G1944) — Nom Sg M: predicative adjective — "cursed [is]" - εμμενει (emmenō G1696) — Pres Act Ind 3S: "continues in/abides in" — present = habitual/continuous - του ποιησαι (tou poiēsai) — Aor Act Inf with articular genitive: purpose/result — "to do them"

Galatians 3:13-14¶

Gal 3:13¶

Greek: Χριστος ημας εξηγορασεν εκ της καταρας του νομου γενομενος υπερ ημων καταρα, οτι γεγραπται Επικαταρατος πας ο κρεμαμενος επι ξυλου, Key parsing: - εξηγορασεν (exagorazō G1805) — Aor Act Ind 3S: "bought out/redeemed" — completed, definitive act - εκ της καταρας του νομου: "out of the curse of the law" — ek + gen = extraction FROM - γενομενος (ginomai G1096) — Aor Mid Ptcp Nom Sg M: "having become" — manner/means - υπερ ημων: "on behalf of us" — substitutionary preposition - καταρα (katara G2671) — Nom Sg F: "a curse" — predicate nominative: Christ BECAME a curse - κρεμαμενος (kremannymi G2910) — Pres Mid Ptcp Nom Sg M: "the one hanging" — present = characteristic/ongoing state

Gal 3:14¶

Greek: ινα εις τα εθνη η ευλογια του Αβρααμ γενηται εν Ιησου Χριστω, ινα την επαγγελιαν του Πνευματος λαβωμεν δια της πιστεως. Key parsing — THE DOUBLE HINA CLAUSE: - First ινα: "in order that" — purpose clause #1 - η ευλογια του Αβρααμ (eulogia tou Abraam) — "the blessing of Abraham" — Nom Sg F - γενηται (ginomai G1096) — Aor Mid Subj 3S: "might come/happen" - εις τα εθνη: "unto the Gentiles" — direction/recipient - εν Ιησου Χριστω: "in Jesus Christ" — sphere/instrumentality - Second ινα: "in order that" — purpose clause #2 - την επαγγελιαν του Πνευματος (epangelian tou Pneumatos) — "the promise of the Spirit" — Acc Sg F - λαβωμεν (lambanō G2983) — Aor Act Subj 1P: "we might receive" - δια της πιστεως: "through the faith" — means/instrument

Critical grammatical observation: Both hina-clauses depend on the same main clause (3:13 — "Christ redeemed us from the curse"). The curse-redemption has a DOUBLE purpose: (a) Abrahamic blessing reaches Gentiles, and (b) we receive the Spirit's promise through faith. These are not sequential but simultaneous results of the same redemptive act.

Galatians 3:19¶

Greek: Τι ουν ο νομος; των παραβασεων χαριν προσετεθη, αχρις αν ελθη το σπερμα ω επηγγελται, διαταγεις δι' αγγελων εν χειρι μεσιτου. Key parsing: - των παραβασεων χαριν: "for the sake of transgressions" (gen pl + postpositive prep) - προσετεθη (prostithēmi G4369) — Aor Pass Ind 3S: "was added" — divine passive - αχρις αν ελθη (achris an elthē): "until [the time when] should come" — temporal limit clause - ελθη (erchomai G2064) — Aor Act Subj 3S: subjunctive = indefinite temporal reference - το σπερμα (sperma G4690) — Nom Sg N: "the seed" — Christ - ω επηγγελται (epangellomai G1861) — Perf Pass Ind 3S: "to whom it has been promised" — perfect = enduring state of the promise - διαταγεις (diatassō G1299) — Aor Pass Ptcp Nom Sg M: "having been ordained/arranged"

Galatians 3:22-24¶

Gal 3:22¶

Greek: αλλα συνεκλεισεν η γραφη τα παντα υπο αμαρτιαν ινα η επαγγελια εκ πιστεως Ιησου Χριστου δοθη τοις πιστευουσιν. Key parsing: - συνεκλεισεν (synkleiō G4788) — Aor Act Ind 3S: "shut together/concluded" - η γραφη: "the Scripture" — agent (personified Scripture) - τα παντα: "all things/everyone" — neuter plural = comprehensive universality - υπο αμαρτιαν: "under sin" — hypo + acc = under authority - δοθη (didōmi G1325) — Aor Pass Subj 3S: "might be given" — divine passive

Gal 3:23¶

Greek: Προ του δε ελθειν την πιστιν υπο νομον εφρουρουμεθα συνκλειομενοι εις την μελλουσαν πιστιν αποκαλυφθηναι. Key parsing: - Προ του ελθειν την πιστιν: "before faith came" — articular infinitive with πρό = temporal - εφρουρουμεθα (phroureō G5432) — Impf Pass Ind 1P: "we were being guarded" — imperfect = continuous past action - συνκλειομενοι (synkleiō G4788) — Pres Pass Ptcp Nom Pl M: "being shut up" — contemporaneous with the guarding - εις την μελλουσαν πιστιν: "unto the about-to-be faith" — εις + acc = direction/purpose - αποκαλυφθηναι (apokalyptō G601) — Aor Pass Inf: "to be revealed"

Gal 3:24¶

Greek: ωστε ο νομος παιδαγωγος ημων γεγονεν εις Χριστον, ινα εκ πιστεως δικαιωθωμεν· Key parsing: - γεγονεν (ginomai G1096) — Perf Act Ind 3S: "has become" — perfect = enduring result - παιδαγωγος ημων: "our pedagogue" — predicate nominative - εις Χριστον: "unto Christ" — directional (leading toward) - δικαιωθωμεν (dikaioō G1344) — Aor Pass Subj 1P: "we might be justified" — aorist = point-in-time

Galatians 3:26-29¶

Gal 3:26¶

Greek: Παντες γαρ υιοι Θεου εστε δια της πιστεως εν Χριστω Ιησου· - Παντες (pas G3956) — Nom Pl M: "all [of you]" — comprehensive - υιοι Θεου: "sons of God" — predicate nominative (NOT teknon/children — deliberate choice of huios/sons denoting legal standing) - δια της πιστεως: "through the faith" — instrumental means - εν Χριστω Ιησου: "in Christ Jesus" — sphere of sonship

Gal 3:27¶

Greek: οσοι γαρ εις Χριστον εβαπτισθητε, Χριστον ενεδυσασθε. - εβαπτισθητε (baptizō G907) — Aor Pass Ind 2P: "you were baptized" - ενεδυσασθε (endyō G1746) — Aor Mid Ind 2P: "you clothed yourselves with" — middle voice = self-involvement

Gal 3:29¶

Greek: ει δε υμεις Χριστου, αρα του Αβρααμ σπερμα εστε, κατ' επαγγελιαν κληρονομοι. - Χριστου: gen sg — "of Christ" = belonging to Christ - σπερμα: Nom Sg N — "seed" (singular!) — christological identification - κατ' επαγγελιαν: "according to promise" — basis of heirship - κληρονομοι (kleronomos G2818) — Nom Pl M: "heirs" — predicate nominative

Galatians 4:1-7¶

Gal 4:1¶

Greek: Λεγω δε, εφ' οσον χρονον ο κληρονομος νηπιος εστιν, ουδεν διαφερει δουλου κυριος παντων ων, - κληρονομος (kleronomos G2818) — Nom Sg M: "the heir" - νηπιος (nēpios G3516) — Nom Sg M: "an infant/minor child" - διαφερει (diapherō G1308) — Pres Act Ind 3S: "differs" — gnomic present - δουλου (doulos G1401) — Gen Sg M: genitive of comparison — "from a slave" - κυριος παντων ων: "though being lord of all" — concessive participle

Gal 4:2¶

Greek: αλλα υπο επιτροπους εστιν και οικονομους αχρι της προθεσμιας του πατρος. - υπο επιτροπους... και οικονομους: "under guardians and stewards" — hypo + acc = under authority - αχρι της προθεσμιας: "until the appointed time" - του πατρος: "of the father" — the father sets the schedule

Gal 4:3¶

Greek: ουτως και ημεις, οτε ημεν νηπιοι, υπο τα στοιχεια του κοσμου ημεθα δεδουλωμενοι· - δεδουλωμενοι (douloō G1402) — Perf Pass Ptcp Nom Pl M: "having been enslaved" — perfect = resultant state of slavery

Gal 4:4¶

Greek: οτε δε ηλθεν το πληρωμα του χρονου, εξαπεστειλεν ο Θεος τον Υιον αυτου, γενομενον εκ γυναικος, γενομενον υπο νομον, - το πληρωμα του χρονου: "the fullness of the time" — parallel to prothesmia tou patros (4:2) - εξαπεστειλεν (exapostellō G1821) — Aor Act Ind 3S: "sent forth" — decisive divine act - γενομενον εκ γυναικος: "having been born of a woman" — aorist middle participle, accusative (agreeing with ton Huion) - γενομενον υπο νομον: "having been born under law" — same construction: Christ shared the condition of those he came to redeem

Gal 4:5¶

Greek: ινα τους υπο νομον εξαγοραση, ινα την υιοθεσιαν απολαβωμεν. ANOTHER DOUBLE HINA CLAUSE (parallel to 3:14): - First ινα: "in order that" — purpose #1 - τους υπο νομον: "those under law" — substantivized prepositional phrase - εξαγοραση (exagorazō G1805) — Aor Act Subj 3S: "he might redeem/buy out" - Second ινα: "in order that" — purpose #2 - την υιοθεσιαν (huiothesia G5206) — Acc Sg F: "the adoption of sons" - απολαβωμεν (apolambanō G618) — Aor Act Subj 1P: "we might receive"

Structural parallel between 3:13-14 and 4:4-5: - 3:13: Christ redeemed [exēgorasen] us from the curse → 3:14: double purpose (blessing to Gentiles + Spirit through faith) - 4:5a: to redeem [exagorasē] those under law → 4:5b: that we might receive adoption - Same verb (exagorazō), same double-purpose structure, different but complementary results

Gal 4:6¶

Greek: Οτι δε εστε υιοι, εξαπεστειλεν ο Θεος το Πνευμα του Υιου αυτου εις τας καρδιας ημων, κραζον Αββα ο Πατηρ. - Οτι... εστε υιοι: "Because you are sons" — causal clause (the adoption is already accomplished) - εξαπεστειλεν (exapostellō G1821) — Aor Act Ind 3S: "sent forth" — same verb as 4:4 for sending the Son - το Πνευμα του Υιου αυτου: "the Spirit of his Son" — genitive of relationship - κραζον (krazō G2896) — Pres Act Ptcp Acc Sg N: "crying out" — present = continuous - Αββα ο Πατηρ: "Abba, Father" — Aramaic + Greek = the bilingual cry of intimate sonship

Gal 4:7¶

Greek: ωστε ουκετι ει δουλος αλλα υιος· ει δε υιος, και κληρονομος δια Θεου. - ουκετι ει δουλος: "you are no longer a slave" - αλλα υιος: "but a son" — the status change - ει δε υιος, και κληρονομος: "and if a son, then also an heir" — logical entailment - δια Θεου: "through God" — divine mediation of heirship

Romans 7:1-6¶

Rom 7:1¶

Key: κυριευει (kyrieuō G2961) — Pres Act Ind 3S: "has dominion over" — present = general principle - εφ' οσον χρονον ζη: "for as long a time as he lives" — same temporal construction as Gal 4:1

Rom 7:2¶

Key: δεδεται νομω (deō G1210) — Perf Pass Ind 3S: "has been bound by law" — perfect = ongoing state - κατηργηται (katargeō G2673) — Perf Pass Ind 3S: "has been released/discharged" — perfect = completed break

Rom 7:4¶

Key: εθανατωθητε τω νομω (thanatoō G2289) — Aor Pass Ind 2P: "you were put to death to the law" - δια του σωματος του Χριστου: "through the body of Christ" — means of the death - εις το γενεσθαι υμας ετερω: "so as to belong to another" — purpose - ινα καρποφορησωμεν τω Θεω: "that we might bear fruit unto God" — ultimate purpose

Rom 7:6¶

Key: κατηργηθημεν απο του νομου (katargeō G2673) — Aor Pass Ind 1P: "we were discharged/released from the law" - εν καινοτητι πνευματος: "in newness of spirit" — new mode of service - ου παλαιοτητι γραμματος: "not in oldness of letter" — old mode abandoned

Vocabulary comparison: Romans 7 vs. Galatians 3-4: - Romans 7: katargeō (G2673 — to discharge/render void) — marital/legal metaphor - Galatians 3-4: exagorazō (G1805 — to buy out) — marketplace/legal metaphor - Both are non-Levitical. Both describe a changed relationship to law. Neither uses sacrificial vocabulary.