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Question

Why does the author of Hebrews connect Jesus suffering "outside the gate" (Heb 13:12) with the chattat whose carcass was burned outside the camp (Lev 4:12,21; 16:27), and what does this spatial logic reveal about purification?

Topics

ATONEMENT

  • For tabernacle and furniture: LEV 16:15-20,33
  • In consummation of the Levites: NUM 8:21
  • For those defiled by the dead: NUM 6:11
  • Made for houses: LEV 14:53
  • By meat offerings: LEV 5:11-13
  • By jewels: NUM 31:50
  • By money: EXO 30:12-16; LEV 5:15,16; 2KI 12:16
  • By incense: NUM 16:46-50
  • DAY OF
  • Time of: EXO 30:10; LEV 23:27; 25:9; NUM 29:7
  • How observed: EXO 30:10; LEV 16:2-34; 23:27-32; NUM 29:7-11; ACT 27:9; HEB 5:3; 9:7,19,22
  • MADE BY ANIMAL SACRIFICES: EXO 29:36; 30:12-16; LEV 1:4; 4:20,22-35; 5:6-10; 6:7; 9:7; 10:17; 12:6-8; 14:12-32; 16:6,10,11,15-19,24-34; 17:11; 19:22; NUM 15:22-28; 28:22,30; 29:5,10,11; HEB 9:22
  • MADE BY JESUS
  • Divinely ordained: LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12,17-22; 2:4-10; COL 1:19,20; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8
  • A mystery: 1CO 2:7
  • Made but once: HEB 7:27; 9:24-28; 10:10,12,14; 1PE 3:18
  • Redemption by: MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; 1TI 2:6; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9
  • Typified: GEN 4:4 with HEB 11:4; GEN 22:2 with HEB 11:17,19; EXO 12:5,11,14 with 1CO 5:7; EXO 24:8 with HEB 9:20; LEV 16:30,34 with HEB 9:7,12,28; LEV 17:11 with HEB 9:22
  • UNCLASSIFIED: PSA 40:6,7; ISA 53:4-12; DAN 9:24-27; ZEC 13:1; MAT 26:28; LUK 22:20; JHN 1:29,36; ROM 3:24-26; 5:1-21; 1CO 1:17,18; 15:3; 2CO 5:18,19; GAL 1:3,4; 4:4,5; EPH 1:7; 2:13-18; 5:2,25; COL 1:14,19-22; HEB 1:3; 2:9,17; 9:12-15,25,26; 10:1-20; 12:24; 13:12,20,21; 1PE 1:18-20; 2:24; 3:18; 1JN 1:7; 2:2; 4:10; REV 1:5; 5:9; 7:14; 12:11

SANCTIFICATION

  • Firstborn of Israelites sanctified: EXO 13:2
  • All Israel sanctified: EXO 19:10,14
  • Material things sanctified by anointing: EXO 40:9-11
  • The Lord is the Sanctifier: EXO 31:13; LEV 20:8; 21:8; 22:9
  • The altar sanctifies the gift: EXO 29:37; 30:29
  • Tabernacle sanctified by God's presence: EXO 29:43; 40:34,35
  • UNCLASSIFIED: EXO 31:13; 33:16; LEV 21:1-23; JER 1:5; EZK 37:28; JHN 17:17,19; ACT 26:17,18; ROM 15:16; 1CO 1:2,30; 6:11; GAL 2:20; EPH 1:3,4; 5:25-27; 1TH 4:3,4; 5:23; 2TH 2:13,14; 2TI 2:11,21; HEB 2:11; 9:14; 10:10,14; 12:10; 13:12,21; 1PE 1:2; 2PE 1:2-4; 1JN 1:9; REV 7:14

PURIFICATION

  • For women: Before marriage (EST 2:12); After childbirth (LEV 12:6-8; LUK 2:22); After menstruation (LEV 15:19-33)
  • Of Jews before Passover: JHN 11:55
  • For those who had recently killed in battle: NUM 31:19-24
  • By fire, for things that resist fire: NUM 31:23
  • By blood: EXO 24:5-8; LEV 14:6,7; HEB 9:12-14,19-22
  • By abstaining from sexual intercourse: EXO 19:15
  • Washing parts of animal sacrifices in water: LEV 1:9,13; 9:14; 2CH 4:6
  • Penalty for non-observance: LEV 7:20,21; NUM 19:13,20
  • Water of: NUM 19:17-21; 31:23
  • Washing hands, symbolical of innocency: DEU 21:6; PSA 26:6; MAT 27:24
  • FIGURATIVE: PSA 26:6; 51:7; EZK 36:25; HEB 10:22
  • SCRIPTURES: GEN 35:2; EXO 19:10,14; 29:4; 30:18-21; 40:12,30-32; LEV 8:6; 14:8,9; 15:4-13,16-27; 16:4,24,26,28; 17:15; 22:3; NUM 8:6,7,21; 19:7,8,19; 2CH 4:6; HEB 9:10

RED HEIFER

  • Of purification: NUM 19

BLOOD

  • Is the life: GEN 9:4; LEV 17:11,14; DEU 12:23; MAT 27:4,24
  • Forbidden as food: GEN 9:4; LEV 3:17; 7:26,27; 17:10-14; DEU 12:16,23; ACT 15:20,29
  • SACRIFICIAL:
  • Without shedding of, no remission: HEB 9:22
  • Of sin offering: Sprinkled seven times before the curtain (LEV 4:5,6,17); On horns of altar of sweet incense and at bottom of altar of burnt offering (EXO 30:10; LEV 4:7,18,25,30)
  • Of atonement: Sprinkled on mercy seat: LEV 16:14,15,18,19,27; 17:11
  • OF CHRIST: MAT 26:28; MRK 14:24; LUK 22:20; JHN 6:53-56; 19:34; ACT 20:28; ROM 3:24,25; 5:9; EPH 1:7; 2:13,16; COL 1:14,20; HEB 9:12-14; 10:19,20,29; 12:24; 13:12,20; 1PE 1:2,18,19; 1JN 1:7; REV 1:5,6; 5:9; 7:14; 12:11

DEFILEMENT

  • Laws relating to: LEV 7:18-21; 11:43; 22:2-7
  • Caused by: Leprosy (LEV 13:3,44-46; 14; 22:4-7); Gonorrhea (LEV 15:1-15); Copulation (LEV 15:17); Childbirth (LEV 12:2-8); Menses (LEV 15:19-33); Touching the dead (NUM 19:11-22; 31:19,20); Touching carcass of unclean animal (LEV 11:39,40; 17:15,16)
  • Of priests: LEV 16:26,28; NUM 19:7-10; EZK 44:25,26

LEPROSY

  • Law concerning: LEV 13; 14; 22:4; NUM 5:1-3; 12:14; DEU 24:8
  • Sent as judgment on: Miriam (NUM 12:1-10); Gehazi (2KI 5:27); Uzziah (2CH 26:20,21)
  • Isolation of lepers: LEV 13:46; NUM 5:2; 12:14; 2KI 15:5; 2CH 26:21
  • Four lepers outside Samaria: 2KI 7:3

BANISHMENT

  • General scriptures: EZR 7:26
  • Of Adam and Eve, from Eden: GEN 3:22-24
  • Of Cain, to be "a fugitive and vagabond": GEN 4:14
  • Of Jews, from Rome: ACT 18:2
  • Of John, to Patmos: REV 1:9

SANITATION

  • FILTH, DISPOSITION OF: EXO 29:14,34; LEV 4:11,12,21; 6:30; 7:17,19; 8:17,32; 9:11; 16:27,28; 19:6; DEU 23:12,13; HEB 13:11
  • QUARANTINE: LEV 13:2-5,31-33,45,46; 14:2,3,8,34-38; 15:19; NUM 5:2,3; 31:11-20; DEU 23:10,11
  • Instances of: NUM 12:10,14,15; 2KI 7:3; 15:5; 2CH 26:21
  • CONTAGION: LEV 5:2,3; 7:19,21; 11:24-28,31-40; 13:2-59; 15:2-13,16-28; 22:4-8; NUM 5:2-4; 19:11-16,22; DEU 23:10,11

CAMP

  • Of the Israelites around the tabernacle: NUM 2; 3

HOLINESS

  • General scriptures concerning: GEN 17:1; 35:2; EXO 19:6; 22:31; 28:36; 39:30; LEV 10:8-10; 11:44,45; 19:2; 20:7,26; DEU 14:2; 18:13; 26:19; ISA 4:3; 35:8; 52:1,11; HEB 12:10,14; 1PE 1:14-16; 2PE 3:11,12
  • (Extensive additional references spanning OT and NT)

SACRIFICES

  • HEB 13:15; ROM 12:1; PHP 2:17

SUFFERING

  • ACT 9:16; ROM 8:17-23; HEB 2:9,10,14,18; 1PE 2:21,24; 4:13,14
  • Christ's suffering "outside the gate" (HEB 13:12) is classified under both ATONEMENT and SANCTIFICATION in Nave's.

UNCLEAN

  • LEV 5:2,3; 7:20,21; 11; 17:15; 21:1-15; 22:2-8
  • Connection to "outside the camp" via NUM 5:2-4 and LEV 13:46.