Raw Greek Parsing Data¶
Romans 4:25¶
Greek: ὃς παρεδόθη διὰ τὰ παραπτώματα ἡμῶν καὶ ἠγέρθη διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν ἡμῶν.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ὃς | ὅς | G3739 | R-NSM |
| παρεδόθη | παραδίδωμι | G3860 | V-API-3S (Aorist Passive Indicative — DIVINE PASSIVE) |
| διὰ | διά | G1223 | PREP |
| τὰ | ὁ | G3588 | T-APN |
| παραπτώματα | παράπτωμα | G3900 | N-APN (Accusative Plural — "our offences") |
| ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | G1473 | P-1GP |
| καὶ | καί | G2532 | CONJ |
| ἠγέρθη | ἐγείρω | G1453 | V-API-3S (Aorist Passive Indicative — DIVINE PASSIVE) |
| διὰ | διά | G1223 | PREP |
| τὴν | ὁ | G3588 | T-ASF |
| δικαίωσιν | δικαίωσις | G1347 | N-ASF (Accusative Singular — "our justification") |
| ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | G1473 | P-1GP |
Key observations: - Both main verbs (paredothe, egerthe) are aorist passive indicative 3S — divine passives with God as agent - dia + accusative = "on account of" — Christ was delivered BECAUSE OF our offenses, raised BECAUSE OF our justification - paraptomata (plural) → dikaiosis (singular) — many offenses but one justification
Romans 5:15¶
Greek: Ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα· εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι οἱ πολλοὶ ἀπέθανον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡ χάρις τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἡ δωρεὰ ἐν χάριτι τῇ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς ἐπερίσσευσεν.
Key parsings: - παράπτωμα G3900 — N-NSN (nominative, subject) - χάρισμα G5486 — N-NSN (grace-gift, counterpart to offense) - παραπτώματι G3900 — N-DSN (dative of cause — "by the offense of one") - πολλῷ μᾶλλον — "much more" (comparative intensifier — pollo mallon) - ἐπερίσσευσεν G4052 — V-AAI-3S (aorist active — grace "abounded" as decisive completed act)
Romans 5:17¶
Greek: εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι ὁ θάνατος ἐβασίλευσεν διὰ τοῦ ἑνός, πολλῷ μᾶλλον οἱ τὴν περισσείαν τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς δωρεᾶς τῆς δικαιοσύνης λαμβάνοντες ἐν ζωῇ βασιλεύσουσιν διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.
Key parsings: - παραπτώματι G3900 — N-DSN (dative of cause) - ἐβασίλευσεν G936 — V-AAI-3S (death "reigned" — past) - πολλῷ μᾶλλον — "much more" (second occurrence) - περισσείαν G4050 — N-ASF ("abundance" — the concrete surplus of grace) - βασιλεύσουσιν G936 — V-FAI-3P (believers "shall reign" — future, contrasting death's past reign)
Romans 5:20¶
Greek: νόμος δὲ παρεισῆλθεν ἵνα πλεονάσῃ τὸ παράπτωμα· οὗ δὲ ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία, ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν ἡ χάρις,
Key parsings: - πλεονάσῃ G4121 — V-AAS-3S (aorist active SUBJUNCTIVE — purpose: "that the offense MIGHT abound") - ἐπλεόνασεν G4121 — V-AAI-3S (aorist active indicative — sin "abounded" — factual) - ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν G5248 — V-AAI-3S (aorist active indicative — grace "super-abounded") The verb escalation: pleonazo (sin multiplies) → huperperisseuo (grace super-abounds) — Paul uses a DIFFERENT, INTENSIFIED verb for grace's response, not the same verb with a bigger modifier
Matthew 20:28¶
Greek: ὥσπερ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἦλθεν διακονηθῆναι, ἀλλὰ διακονῆσαι καὶ δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ λύτρον ἀντὶ πολλῶν.
Key parsings: - δοῦναι G1325 — V-2AAN (aorist active infinitive — "to give") - λύτρον G3083 — N-ASN (accusative — "a ransom") - ἀντὶ G473 — PREP ("in place of, instead of" — substitutionary marker) - πολλῶν G4183 — A-GPM ("of many" — genitive plural)
1 Timothy 2:6¶
Greek: ὁ δοὺς ἑαυτὸν ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων, τὸ μαρτύριον καιροῖς ἰδίοις·
Key parsings: - δοὺς G1325 — V-2AAP-NSM (aorist active participle — "the one having given") - ἀντίλυτρον G487 — N-ASN (accusative — "a corresponding ransom") - ὑπὲρ G5228 — PREP ("on behalf of") - πάντων G3956 — A-GPM ("of all")
Colossians 2:14¶
Greek: ἐξαλείψας τὸ καθ' ἡμῶν χειρόγραφον τοῖς δόγμασιν ὃ ἦν ὑπεναντίον ἡμῖν, καὶ αὐτὸ ἦρκεν ἐκ τοῦ μέσου, προσηλώσας αὐτὸ τῷ σταυρῷ·
Key parsings: - ἐξαλείψας G1813 — V-AAP-NSM (aorist active participle — "having blotted out") - χειρόγραφον G5498 — N-ASN (accusative — "the handwriting/IOU") - δόγμασιν G1378 — N-DPN (dative — "consisting of/by ordinances") - ὑπεναντίον G5227 — A-NSN ("contrary to, hostile toward") - ἦρκεν G142 — V-RAI-3S (perfect active — "has taken away" — completed action with ongoing result) - προσηλώσας G4338 — V-AAP-NSM (aorist active participle — "having nailed")
Philemon 1:18-19¶
Greek v.18: εἰ δέ τι ἠδίκησέν σε ἢ ὀφείλει, τοῦτο ἐμοὶ ἐλλόγα· Greek v.19: ἐγὼ Παῦλος ἔγραψα τῇ ἐμῇ χειρί, ἐγὼ ἀποτίσω· ἵνα μὴ λέγω σοι ὅτι καὶ σεαυτόν μοι προσοφείλεις.
Key parsings: - ἠδίκησέν G91 — V-AAI-3S ("wronged" — aorist, completed act) - ὀφείλει G3784 — V-PAI-3S ("owes" — present, ongoing debt) - ἐλλόγα G1677 — V-PAM-2S ("put to account / charge" — present active IMPERATIVE — a command) - ἀποτίσω G661 — V-FAI-1S ("I will repay" — FUTURE — legally binding promissory note) - προσοφείλεις G4359 — V-PAI-2S ("you owe in addition" — present active, ongoing additional debt)
Asham framework mapping: 1. Specific debt identified: "if he wronged you or owes you" (v.18a) 2. Debt transferred to substitute: "put that on MY account" (v.18b — ellogeo) 3. Full restitution promised: "I WILL REPAY" (v.19a — apotiso, future indicative) 4. Surplus implied: "you owe me even your own self besides" (v.19b — prosopheilo) 5. Expected surplus response: "thou wilt also do MORE THAN I say" (v.21 — hyper ho lego)
Ephesians 1:7-8¶
Greek v.7: ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν διὰ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν παραπτωμάτων, κατὰ τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ Greek v.8: ἧς ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ καὶ φρονήσει
Key parsings: - ἀπολύτρωσιν G629 — N-ASF ("redemption" — ransom in full) - ἄφεσιν G859 — N-ASF ("forgiveness" — appositive to apolytrosis, explaining it) - παραπτωμάτων G3900 — N-GPN ("of the offenses" — genitive, what is forgiven) - πλοῦτος G4149 — N-ASN ("riches" — of his grace) - ἐπερίσσευσεν G4052 — V-AAI-3S ("he abounded" — aorist, grace overflowed toward us)
Asham-framework elements: apolytrosis (price paid) + aphesis (debt released) + paraptomaton (specific offenses) + ploutos tes charitos (riches = surplus) + eperisseusen (abounded = exceeded the debt)
1 Peter 1:18-19¶
Greek v.18: εἰδότες ὅτι οὐ φθαρτοῖς, ἀργυρίῳ ἢ χρυσίῳ, ἐλυτρώθητε... Greek v.19: ἀλλὰ τιμίῳ αἵματι ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου καὶ ἀσπίλου Χριστοῦ,
Key parsings: - ἐλυτρώθητε G3084 — V-API-2P ("you were ransomed" — aorist passive, divine passive) - φθαρτοῖς G5349 — A-DPN ("with corruptible things" — dative of means, REJECTED) - τιμίῳ G5093 — A-DSN ("with precious" — dative of means, ACCEPTED) - αἵματι G129 — N-DSN ("blood" — the actual ransom price) - ἀμνοῦ G286 — N-GSM ("of a lamb") - ἀμώμου G299 — A-GSM ("without blemish")
1 Corinthians 15:3¶
Greek: Χριστὸς ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν κατὰ τὰς γραφάς,
Key parsings: - ἀπέθανεν G599 — V-2AAI-3S ("died" — aorist, completed event) - ὑπὲρ G5228 — PREP ("on behalf of") - ἁμαρτιῶν G266 — N-GPF ("of sins" — genitive plural) - κατὰ τὰς γραφάς G1124 — "according to the scriptures" (accusative plural — multiple scriptural witnesses)
Matthew 6:12¶
Greek: καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν·
Key: opheilemata G3783 (debts) + opheiletais G3781 (debtors) + aphes/aphekamen G863 (forgive/we forgave)
Luke 11:4¶
Greek: καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, καὶ γὰρ αὐτοὶ ἀφίομεν παντὶ ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν·
Key: hamartias G266 (sins — replacing Matthew's opheilemata) + opheilonti G3784 (indebted/owing — participle) Critical: Luke uses "sins" (hamartia) where Matthew uses "debts" (opheilema), but RETAINS the debt verb (opheilo) in the second clause: "we forgive everyone OWING us." This hybrid usage shows the debt framework underlying even the "sin" terminology.
Matthew 18:27¶
Greek: σπλαγχνισθεὶς δὲ ὁ κύριος τοῦ δούλου ἐκείνου ἀπέλυσεν αὐτόν, καὶ τὸ δάνειον ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ.
Key parsings: - σπλαγχνισθεὶς G4697 — V-AOP-NSM ("being moved with compassion" — aorist PASSIVE participle — divine passive?) - ἀπέλυσεν G630 — V-AAI-3S ("released him") - δάνειον G1156 — N-ASN ("the loan/debt" — a specific financial term) - ἀφῆκεν G863 — V-AAI-3S ("forgave/released" — the debt-cancellation action)
Hebrews 10:14¶
Greek: μιᾷ γὰρ προσφορᾷ τετελείωκεν εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς τοὺς ἁγιαζομένους.
Key parsings: - μιᾷ G1520 — A-DSF ("by one" — dative of means) - προσφορᾷ G4376 — N-DSF ("offering" — generic term, NOT thysia) - τετελείωκεν G5048 — V-RAI-3S ("has perfected" — PERFECT tense: completed action with ongoing result) - διηνεκὲς G1336 — A-ASN ("forever, continually") - ἁγιαζομένους G37 — V-PPP-APM ("the ones being sanctified" — present passive participle: ongoing sanctification)