Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶
Gen 6:11-13¶
v.11: wattisshachet ha'arets liphney ha'elohim wattimmale' ha'arets chamas shachath (Niphal Wayq 3fs) = 'the earth was corrupt' (reflexive/passive)
v.12: wayyar' 'elohim 'et-ha'arets wehinneh nishchatah ki-hishchit kol-basar 'et-darko 'al-ha'arets nishchatah (shachath, Niphal Perf 3fs) = 'it was corrupt' (stative passive) hishchit (shachath, Hiphil Perf 3ms) = 'had corrupted' (causative active — flesh as agent)
v.13: ... wehineni mashchitam 'et-ha'arets mashchitam (shachath, Hiphil Ptcp ms + 3mp) = 'I am about to destroy them' (Hiphil participle with imminent-future force — God as agent)
Key: Three forms of the same root: Niphal (earth was corrupt, reflexive), Hiphil perfect (flesh had corrupted, causative), Hiphil participle (God will destroy, causative/imminent). Corruption (sin) → Destruction (judgment). Same root, same principle.
Isa 66:24¶
Hebrew: weyats'u wera'u bephigrey ha'anashim happosh'im bi ki tola'tam lo' tamut we'ishsham lo' tikhbeh wehayu dera'on lekhol-basar
Word-by-word: phigrey (peger H6297, Noun mp Cst) = 'corpses of' ha'anashim (ish, Noun mp Abs, with article) = 'the men' happosh'im (pasha', Qal Ptcp mp Abs, with article) = 'the transgressors/rebels' tola'tam (tola'ath H8438, Noun fs Abs + 3mp) = 'their worm' lo' tamut (muth, Qal Impf 3fs) = 'shall not die' 'ishsham (esh H784, Noun s Abs + 3mp) = 'their fire' lo' tikhbeh (kabah H3518, Qal Impf 3fs) = 'shall not be quenched' dera'on (H1860, Noun ms Abs) = 'abhorrence/contempt'
Key: peger (H6297) = CORPSE, dead body. This is the word for a deceased body, not a living person. The worm feeds on dead bodies (decomposition); the fire consumes dead bodies (cremation). The scene describes the aftermath of destruction, not ongoing torment of living beings.
Mal 4:1 (= Mal 3:19 Heb)¶
Hebrew: ki-hinneh hayyom ba' bo'er kattannur wehayu khol-zedim wekhol-'oseh rish'ah qash welihat 'otam hayyom habba' 'amar YHWH tseba'ot 'asher lo'-ya'azob lahem shoresh we'anaph
Word-by-word: hayyom ba' (yom + bo', Qal Ptcp ms) = 'the day comes' bo'er (ba'ar, Qal Ptcp ms) = 'burning' kattannur (k + tannur, Noun ms Abs) = 'as an oven' wehayu (hayah, Qal Perf 3p) = 'and they shall be' qash (Noun ms Abs) = 'stubble' welihat (lahat H3857, Piel Perf 3ms) = 'and it shall burn up/devour' lo'-ya'azob (azab, Qal Impf 3ms) = 'shall not leave' shoresh (Noun ms Abs) = 'root' we'anaph (Noun ms Abs) = 'branch'
Key: qash (stubble) + lahat (Piel, 'devour/set ablaze') + lo ya'azob shoresh we'anaph ('shall not leave root or branch'). Complete consumption: the stubble is burned up so thoroughly that neither root nor branch remains. The Piel stem of lahat = intensive: thorough, complete devouring.
Mal 4:1-3¶
====================================================================== Malachi 3:19 (= Mal 4:1 English) ======================================================================
Hebrew Lemma Parsing Gloss
ki ki Conj that hinneh hinneh Interj behold ha h Art the yom yom Noun.ms.Abs day ba bw' Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs come bo'er b'r Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs burn ka k Prep as tannur tannur Noun.ms.Abs furnace we w Conj and hayu hyh Verb.Qal.Perf.3p be kol kol Noun.ms.Cst whole zedim zed Adj.mp.Abs insolent/proud we w Conj and kol kol Noun.ms.Cst whole 'oseh 'sh Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Cst make/do rish'ah rish'ah Noun.fs.Abs guilt/wickedness qash qash Noun.ms.Abs stubble we w Conj and lihat lht Verb.Piel.Perf.3ms devour/set ablaze 'otam 'et Prep.+3mp them (obj marker) ha h Art the yom yom Noun.ms.Abs day ha h Art the ba bw' Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs come 'amar 'mr Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms say YHWH YHWH PropN.ms.Abs LORD tseba'ot tsaba' Noun.mp.Abs hosts 'asher 'asher Conj which/that lo' lo' Neg not ya'azob 'zb Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms leave lahem l Prep.+3mp to them shoresh shoresh Noun.ms.Abs root we w Conj and 'anap 'anap Noun.ms.Abs branch
====================================================================== Malachi 3:20 (= Mal 4:2 English) ======================================================================
Hebrew Lemma Parsing Gloss
we w Conj and zarechah zrch Verb.Qal.Perf.3fs flash up/rise lakem l Prep.+2mp to you yir'e yr' Adj.mp.Cst fearing shemi shem Noun.ms.Abs.+1cs my name shemesh shemesh Noun.s.Cst sun tsedaqah tsedaqah Noun.fs.Abs justice/righteousness u w Conj and marpe' marpe' Noun.ms.Abs healing bi b Prep in kenapeha kanap Noun.fd.Abs.+3fs her wings wi w Conj and yetsa'tem yts' Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp go out u w Conj and pishtem pwsh Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp paw the ground/frisk ke k Prep as 'egle 'egel Noun.mp.Cst calves marbeq marbeq Noun.ms.Abs fatted stall
====================================================================== Malachi 3:21 (= Mal 4:3 English) ======================================================================
Hebrew Lemma Parsing Gloss
we w Conj and 'assotem 'ss Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp tread down resha'im rasha' Adj.mp.Abs guilty/wicked ki ki Conj that yihyu hyh Verb.Qal.Impf.3mp be 'epher 'epher Noun.ms.Abs dust/ashes tachat tachat Noun.ms.Cst under kappot kap Noun.fp.Cst sole(s) raglekem regel Noun.fd.Abs.+2mp your feet ba b Prep in ha h Art the yom yom Noun.ms.Abs day 'asher 'asher Conj which 'ani 'ani PersPron.1s I 'oseh 'sh Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs make/do 'amar 'mr Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms say YHWH YHWH PropN.ms.Abs LORD tseba'ot tsaba' Noun.mp.Abs hosts
Psa 145:20¶
Hebrew: shomer YHWH et-kol-'ohabaw we'et kol-haresha'im yashmid
Word-by-word: shomer (shamar H8104, Qal Ptcp ms Abs) = 'preserves/guards' YHWH (PropN) = 'the LORD' 'et (Prep) = object marker kol (Noun ms Cst) = 'all' 'ohabaw (ahab, Qal Ptcp mp Abs + 3ms) = 'those loving him' we'et (Conj + Prep) = 'and' + object marker kol (Noun ms Cst) = 'all' haresha'im (rasha', Adj mp Abs with article) = 'the wicked' yashmid (shamad H8045, Hiphil Impf 3ms) = 'he will destroy'
Key: shamar (Qal Ptcp, 'preserves') vs. shamad (Hiphil Impf 3ms, 'will destroy'). Perfect antonym pair. Hiphil = causative active: God actively and deliberately destroys all the wicked.
Psa 37:10¶
Hebrew: we'od me'at we'ein rasha' wehitbonanta 'al-meqomo we'einennu
Word-by-word:
we (Conj) = 'and'
'od (Noun ms Cst) = 'duration/yet'
me'at (Noun ms Abs) = 'a little'
we (Conj) = 'and'
'ein (Noun ms Cst,
Key: 'ein rasha' = 'the wicked [is] not' (non-existence). 'einennu = 'he is not' (emphatic non-existence with 3ms suffix). TWO non-existence statements in one verse using the noun ayin (H369).
Psa 37:20¶
Hebrew: ki resha'im yo'bedu we'oyebey YHWH kiqar karim kalu be'ashan kalu
Word-by-word: ki (Conj) = 'for/because' resha'im (rasha', Adj mp Abs) = 'wicked' yo'bedu (abad H6, Qal Impf 3mp) = 'they shall perish' we (Conj) = 'and' 'oyebey (ayab, Qal Ptcp mp Cst) = 'enemies of' YHWH (PropN) = 'the LORD' kiqar (k + yaqar, Adj ms Cst) = 'as the glory/precious' karim (kar, Noun mp Abs) = 'pastures' kalu (kalah H3615, Qal Perf 3p) = 'they are consumed/finished' be'ashan (b + 'ashan, Noun ms Abs) = 'in/into smoke' kalu (kalah H3615, Qal Perf 3p) = 'they are consumed'
Key: abad (Qal Impf 3mp, 'shall perish') + kalah (Qal Perf 3p, 'consumed') × 2. Double kalah with smoke imagery: consumed into smoke = cessation of existence.
Psa 37:38¶
Hebrew: uphosh'im nishmedu yachdaw acharit resha'im nichratah
Word-by-word: phosh'im (pasha', Qal Ptcp mp Abs) = 'transgressors' nishmedu (shamad H8045, Niphal Perf 3p) = 'are destroyed' yachdaw (Adv) = 'together' acharit (Noun fs Cst) = 'end/future' resha'im (rasha', Adj mp Abs) = 'wicked' nichratah (karath H3772, Niphal Perf 3fs) = 'is cut off'
Key: shamad (Niphal Perf 3p, 'destroyed') + karath (Niphal Perf 3fs, 'cut off'). Prophetic perfects = future certainty. The 'end' (acharit) of the wicked is cutting off.
Psa 59:13¶
Hebrew: chattat-piemo debar-sephatemo weyillakdu big'onam ume'alah umikkachash yesapperu
Note: This is verse 13 in English numbering (v.14 in Hebrew). The kalah + ayin verse is actually v.14 in Hebrew numbering: kalleh bechamah kalleh we'einemo = 'Consume in wrath, consume, that they may not be.'
Key: kalah (Piel Imperative, 'consume!') × 2 + we'einemo ('and they are not'). The purpose of consumption is non-existence.
Psa 68:2¶
Hebrew: yaqum 'elohim yaphatsu 'oyebaw weyanusu mesan'aw mippanaw
Note: This is v.2 in English. The abad/wax simile is v.3 in English (v.3): kinedoph 'ashan tindoph, kihmos donag mippney-'esh yo'bedu resha'im mippney 'elohim
Word-by-word: kinedoph (k + nadaph, Niphal Inf Cst) = 'as is driven' 'ashan (Noun ms Abs) = 'smoke' tindoph (nadaph, Qal Impf 2ms) = 'drive away' kihmos (k + hamac, Niphal Inf Abs) = 'as melts' donag (Noun ms Abs) = 'wax' mippney (min + paneh, Prep) = 'before/from the face of' 'esh (Noun s Cst) = 'fire' yo'bedu (abad H6, Qal Impf 3mp) = 'let perish' resha'im (Adj mp Abs) = 'wicked' mippney (Prep) = 'from the presence of' 'elohim (Noun mp Abs) = 'God'
Key: abad (Qal Impf 3mp, 'let the wicked perish'). Two cessation similes: smoke driven away + wax melting. Both substances cease to exist. The wicked perish 'at the presence of God.'
Psa 92:7¶
Hebrew: 'ish-ba'ar lo' yeda' ukhesil lo'-yabin 'et-zo't
Note: This is v.7 in English (v.8 in Hebrew). The shamad + adey-ad verse is v.8 in English: bipro'ach resha'im kemo 'eseb wayatsitsu kol-po'aley 'aven lehishamdam 'adey-'ad
Word-by-word: bipro'ach (b + parach, Qal Inf Cst) = 'when spring/flourish' resha'im (Adj mp Abs) = 'wicked' kemo (Prep) = 'as' 'eseb (Noun ms Abs) = 'grass/herb' wayatsitsu (tsuts, Hiphil Wayq 3mp) = 'and flourish' kol (Noun ms Cst) = 'all' po'aley (pa'al, Qal Ptcp mp Cst) = 'workers of' 'aven (Noun ms Abs) = 'iniquity' lehishamdam (shamad H8045, Niphal Inf Cst + 3mp) = 'to be destroyed' 'adey-'ad = 'forever/perpetuity'
Key: shamad Niphal Infinitive + adey-ad = 'to be destroyed to perpetuity.' The grass simile emphasizes temporary flourishing followed by PERMANENT destruction.