Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶
Exodus 25:31 (Lampstand Construction)¶
Hebrew: וְעָשִׂיתָ מְנֹרַת זָהָב טָהוֹר מִקְשָׁה תֵּעָשֶׂה הַמְּנוֹרָה יְרֵכָהּ וְקָנָהּ גְּבִיעֶיהָ כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ וּפְרָחֶיהָ מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְ | ו | Conj | and |
| עָשִׂיתָ | עשׂה | Qal.Perf.2ms | make |
| מְנֹרַת | מנורה | Noun.fs.Cst | lamp stand |
| זָהָב | זהב | Noun.ms.Abs | gold |
| טָהוֹר | טהר | Adj.ms.Abs | pure |
| מִקְשָׁה | מקשׁה | Noun.fs.Abs | hammered work |
| תֵּעָשֶׂה | עשׂה | Niphal.Impf.3fs | shall be made |
| הַמְּנוֹרָה | מנורה | Art + Noun.fs.Abs | the lampstand |
| יְרֵכָהּ | ירך | Noun.fs.Abs + 3fs | its base/thigh |
| וְקָנָהּ | קנה | Conj + Noun.ms.Abs + 3fs | and its shaft/branch |
| גְּבִיעֶיהָ | גביע | Noun.mp.Abs + 3fs | its cups/bowls |
| כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ | כפתור | Noun.mp.Abs + 3fs | its knobs/bulbs |
| וּפְרָחֶיהָ | פרח | Conj + Noun.mp.Abs + 3fs | and its blossoms |
| מִמֶּנָּה | מן | Prep + 3fs | from it |
| יִהְיוּ | היה | Qal.Impf.3mp | they shall be |
Key Observations¶
- מִקְשָׁה (miqshah): "hammered work" / "beaten work" -- from qashash, to beat/hammer. The lampstand was made from a single piece of gold, beaten into shape (not cast or assembled). This implies the lampstand's identity comes from suffering/transformation.
- תֵּעָשֶׂה (te'aseh): Niphal imperfect = "it SHALL BE MADE" -- passive voice emphasizes divine design, not human artistry
- מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ (mimmenah yihyu): "from it they shall be" -- all parts (bowls, knobs, blossoms) are "from it" = organic unity, one piece
- The lampstand is the most detailed piece of furniture described, and it is the only one specified as one solid piece of beaten gold
Leviticus 16:30 (Day of Atonement -- Kaphar + Taher)¶
Hebrew: כִּי־בַיּוֹם הַזֶּה יְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיכֶם לְטַהֵר אֶתְכֶם מִכֹּל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה תִּטְהָרוּ
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| כִּי | כי | Conjunction | for/because |
| בַ | ב + ה | Prep + Art | in the |
| יּוֹם | יום | Noun.ms.Abs | day |
| הַזֶּה | זה | Dem.Pron.ms | this |
| יְכַפֵּר | כפר | Piel.Impf.3ms | he will atone/cover |
| עֲלֵיכֶם | על + 2mp | Prep + suff | upon you |
| לְטַהֵר | טהר | Piel.InfCon | to cleanse/purify |
| אֶתְכֶם | את + 2mp | Object marker + suff | you |
| מִכֹּל | מן + כל | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | from all |
| חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם | חטאת + 2mp | Noun.fp.Abs + suff | your sins |
| לִפְנֵי | ל + פנה | Prep + Noun.mp.Cst | before the face of |
| יְהוָה | יהוה | PropN.ms | YHWH |
| תִּטְהָרוּ | טהר | Qal.Impf.2mp | you shall be clean |
Key Observations¶
- יְכַפֵּר (yekapper): Piel imperfect of kaphar = intensive/causative "he will MAKE atonement." The Piel stem intensifies the covering action.
- לְטַהֵר (letaher): Piel infinitive construct of taher = "to cleanse/purify." The purpose clause: atonement is FOR THE PURPOSE OF cleansing.
- תִּטְהָרוּ (tittaharu): Qal imperfect 2mp of taher = "you SHALL BE clean." The RESULT of atonement.
- Theological sequence: kaphar (atonement/covering) -> taher (cleansing) -> liphnei YHWH (before the LORD's face). This maps the sanctuary journey: atonement at the altar -> cleansing at the laver -> presence before God.
- The two verbs (kaphar and taher) appear together only in this concentrated Day of Atonement context, demonstrating that atonement and purification are inseparable but sequential.
- לִפְנֵי יְהוָה (liphnei YHWH): "before the face of YHWH" -- the destination of the entire Day of Atonement process. The sinner ends up face-to-face with God, which is exactly where the sanctuary journey leads (from gate to Most Holy Place).