Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶
Leviticus 23:5 (Passover institution)¶
Hebrew: בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לַחֹ֖דֶשׁ בֵּ֣ין הָעַרְבָּ֑יִם פֶּ֖סַח לַיהוָֽה׃
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| בַּ | ב + ה | Prep + Art | in the |
| חֹ֣דֶשׁ | חדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | month |
| הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון | ה + ראשׁון | Art + Adj.ms.Abs | the first |
| בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה | ב + ארבע | Prep + Noun.fs.Abs | on four |
| עָשָׂ֛ר | עשׂר | Noun.s.Abs | -teen (= fourteenth) |
| לַחֹ֖דֶשׁ | ל + ה + חדשׁ | Prep + Art + Noun.ms.Abs | of the month |
| בֵּ֣ין | בין | Noun.ms.Cst | between/interval of |
| הָעַרְבָּ֑יִם | ה + ערב | Art + Noun.md.Abs | the evenings |
| פֶּ֖סַח | פסח | Noun.ms.Abs | Passover |
| לַיהוָֽה | ל + יהוה | Prep + PropN.ms | to YHWH |
Key observations: - בֵּין הָעַרְבָּיִם (bein ha'arbayim) = "between the evenings" -- the precise timing for the Passover sacrifice - Traditionally interpreted as between noon and sunset (approx. 3-5 PM) - This matches the timing of Christ's death ("about the ninth hour" = 3 PM, Mat 27:46) - פֶּסַח לַיהוָה (pesach la-YHWH) = "a Passover to/for YHWH" -- the feast belongs to YHWH
Leviticus 23:10 (Firstfruits/Wave Sheaf)¶
Hebrew: דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־תָבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲנִי֙ נֹתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם וּקְצַרְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־קְצִירָ֑הּ וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם אֶת־עֹ֛מֶר רֵאשִׁ֥ית קְצִירְכֶ֖ם אֶל־הַכֹּהֵֽן׃
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| דַּבֵּ֞ר | דבר | Verb.Piel.Impv.2ms | speak |
| אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י | אל + בן | Prep + Noun.mp.Cst | to sons of |
| יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ | ישׂראל | PropN | Israel |
| וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ | ו + אמר | Conj + Verb.Qal.Perf.2ms | and say |
| אֲלֵהֶ֔ם | אל + 3mp | Prep + suffix | to them |
| כִּֽי־תָבֹ֣אוּ | כי + בוא | Conj + Verb.Qal.Impf.2mp | when you come |
| אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ | אל + ה + ארץ | Prep + Art + Noun | to the land |
| אֲשֶׁ֤ר | אשׁר | Rel.pronoun | which |
| אֲנִי֙ | אני | Pron.1s | I |
| נֹתֵ֣ן | נתן | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms | am giving |
| לָכֶ֔ם | ל + 2mp | Prep + suffix | to you |
| וּקְצַרְתֶּ֖ם | ו + קצר | Conj + Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp | and you harvest |
| אֶת־קְצִירָ֑הּ | את + קציר + 3fs | Obj + Noun.ms + suffix | its harvest |
| וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם | ו + בוא | Conj + Verb.Hiphil.Perf.2mp | and you shall bring |
| אֶת־עֹ֛מֶר | את + עמר | Obj + Noun.ms.Cst | a sheaf of |
| רֵאשִׁ֥ית | ראשׁית | Noun.fs.Cst | firstfruits/beginning of |
| קְצִירְכֶ֖ם | קציר + 2mp | Noun.ms + suffix | your harvest |
| אֶל־הַכֹּהֵֽן | אל + ה + כהן | Prep + Art + Noun.ms | to the priest |
Key observations: - עֹמֶר רֵאשִׁית קְצִירְכֶם (omer reshith qetsirkhem) = "a sheaf of the beginning/firstfruits of your harvest" - reshith (ראשׁית, H7225) = "beginning, firstfruit, chief" -- same word as Gen 1:1 "In the beginning" - This is a construct chain: sheaf-of-beginning-of-your-harvest - Note: reshith is used here, NOT bikkurim; the wave sheaf is the reshith of barley harvest
Leviticus 23:11 (Wave Sheaf Timing)¶
Hebrew: וְהֵנִ֧יף אֶת־הָעֹ֛מֶר לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם מִֽמָּחֳרַת֙ הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת יְנִיפֶ֖נּוּ הַכֹּהֵֽן׃
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְהֵנִ֧יף | ו + נוף | Conj + Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms | and he shall wave |
| אֶת־הָעֹ֛מֶר | את + ה + עמר | Obj + Art + Noun.ms | the sheaf |
| לִפְנֵ֥י | ל + פנה | Prep + Noun.mp.Cst | before (lit. "to the face of") |
| יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PropN | YHWH |
| לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם | ל + רצון + 2mp | Prep + Noun.ms + suffix | for your acceptance/pleasure |
| מִֽמָּחֳרַת֙ | מן + מחרת | Prep + Noun.fs.Cst | on the morrow after |
| הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת | ה + שׁבת | Art + Noun.s.Abs | the Sabbath |
| יְנִיפֶ֖נּוּ | נוף + 3ms | Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms + suffix | he shall wave it |
| הַכֹּהֵֽן | ה + כהן | Art + Noun.ms | the priest |
Key observations: - לִרְצֹנְכֶם (lirtsonekhem) = "for your acceptance/pleasure" -- the wave sheaf secures divine acceptance for the offerer - When applied to Christ's resurrection: His rising guarantees our acceptance before God - ratsown (H7522) = favor, delight, pleasure, acceptance - מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת (mimmocharath hashshabbath) = "from the morrow after the Sabbath" - This is the contested phrase: which Sabbath? The weekly Sabbath or the festival Sabbath (Nisan 15)? - If weekly Sabbath: always a Sunday -- fits Christ's Sunday resurrection - If festival Sabbath (Nisan 15): the day after Unleavened Bread begins - Both interpretations place the wave sheaf on a day corresponding to Christ's resurrection
Leviticus 23:15 (Counting to Pentecost)¶
Hebrew: וּסְפַרְתֶּ֤ם לָכֶם֙ מִמָּחֳרַ֣ת הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת מִיֹּום֙ הֲבִ֣יאֲכֶ֔ם אֶת־עֹ֖מֶר הַתְּנוּפָ֑ה שֶׁ֥בַע שַׁבָּתֹ֖ות תְּמִימֹ֥ת תִּהְיֶֽינָה׃
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וּסְפַרְתֶּ֤ם | ו + ספר | Conj + Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp | and you shall count |
| לָכֶם֙ | ל + 2mp | Prep + suffix | for yourselves |
| מִמָּחֳרַ֣ת | מן + מחרת | Prep + Noun.fs.Cst | from the morrow after |
| הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת | ה + שׁבת | Art + Noun.s.Abs | the Sabbath |
| מִיֹּום֙ | מן + יום | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | from the day |
| הֲבִ֣יאֲכֶ֔ם | בוא + 2mp | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon + suffix | of your bringing |
| אֶת־עֹ֖מֶר | את + עמר | Obj + Noun.ms.Cst | the sheaf of |
| הַתְּנוּפָ֑ה | ה + תנופה | Art + Noun.fs.Abs | the wave offering |
| שֶׁ֥בַע | שׁבע | Noun.s.Abs | seven |
| שַׁבָּתֹ֖ות | שׁבת | Noun.fp.Abs | sabbaths/weeks |
| תְּמִימֹ֥ת | תמים | Adj.fp.Abs | complete/perfect |
| תִּהְיֶֽינָה | היה | Verb.Qal.Impf.3fp | they shall be |
Key observations: - The count begins from mimmocharath hashshabbath (morrow after the Sabbath) = the day of the wave sheaf - שֶׁבַע שַׁבָּתוֹת תְּמִימֹת (sheva shabbatot temimot) = "seven complete/perfect weeks/sabbaths" - temimot = "complete, without defect" -- same adjective used for unblemished sacrificial animals - The count: 7 complete weeks = 49 days, then the 50th day = Pentecost (Lev 23:16)
Leviticus 23:17 (Leavened Pentecost Loaves)¶
Hebrew: מִמֹּושְׁבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם תָּבִ֣יאּוּ׀ לֶ֣חֶם תְּנוּפָ֗ה שְׁ֚תַּיִם שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים סֹ֣לֶת תִּהְיֶ֔ינָה חָמֵ֖ץ תֵּאָפֶ֑ינָה בִּכּוּרִ֖ים לַֽיהוָֽה׃
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| מִמֹּושְׁבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם | מן + מושׁב + 2mp | Prep + Noun.mp + suffix | from your dwellings |
| תָּבִ֣יאּוּ | בוא | Verb.Hiphil.Impf.2mp | you shall bring |
| לֶ֣חֶם | לחם | Noun.s.Cst | bread of |
| תְּנוּפָ֗ה | תנופה | Noun.fs.Abs | wave offering |
| שְׁ֚תַּיִם | שׁנים | Noun.fd.Abs | two |
| שְׁנֵ֣י | שׁנים | Noun.d.Cst | two (= two tenths) |
| עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים | עשׂרון | Noun.mp.Abs | tenth parts |
| סֹ֣לֶת | סלת | Noun.fs.Abs | fine flour |
| תִּהְיֶ֔ינָה | היה | Verb.Qal.Impf.3fp | they shall be |
| חָמֵ֖ץ | חמץ | Noun.s.Abs | leaven/leavened |
| תֵּאָפֶ֑ינָה | אפה | Verb.Niphal.Impf.3fp | they shall be baked |
| בִּכּוּרִ֖ים | בכורים | Noun.mp.Abs | first fruits |
| לַֽיהוָֽה | ל + יהוה | Prep + PropN | to YHWH |
Key observations: - חָמֵץ תֵּאָפֶינָה (chamets te'afenah) = "with leaven they shall be baked" -- UNIQUE in the entire feast system - Leaven is forbidden in grain offerings (Lev 2:11), at Passover (Exo 12:19), with blood (Exo 23:18) - Yet at Pentecost, leaven is COMMANDED in the wave loaves - שְׁתַּיִם (shtayim) = TWO loaves -- possibly representing Jews and Gentiles, both containing sin (leaven) yet offered to God - בִּכּוּרִים לַיהוָה (bikkurim la-YHWH) = "firstfruits to YHWH" -- using bikkurim (H1061), the agricultural firstfruits term - תֵּאָפֶינָה (te'afenah): Niphal (passive) imperfect = "they shall be baked" -- the baking process with leaven produces the final offering