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Question

How were the four spring feasts fulfilled in Christ's first advent and the early church? What evidence supports typological fulfillment on exact calendar dates?

Topics

PASSOVER

  • Institution of EXO 12:3-49; 23:15-18; 34:18; LEV 23:4-8; NUM 9:2-5,13,14; 28:16-25; DEU 16:1-8,16; PSA 81:3,5
  • Design of EXO 12:21-28
  • Special Passover, for those who were unclean, or on a journey, to be held in the second month NUM 9:6-12; 2CH 30:2-4
  • The lamb killed by Levites, for those who were ceremonially unclean 2CH 30:17; 35:3-11; EZR 6:20
  • Strangers authorized to celebrate EXO 12:48,49; NUM 9:14
  • Observed at the place designated by God DEU 16:5-7
  • Observed with unleavened bread (no yeast) EXO 12:8,15-20; 13:3,6; 23:15; LEV 23:6; NUM 9:11; 28:17; DEU 16:3,4; MRK 14:12; LUK 22:7; ACT 12:3; 1CO 5:8
  • Penalty for neglecting to observe NUM 9:13
  • Re-instituted by Ezekiel EZK 45:21-24
  • Observation of, renewed: By the Israelites upon entering Canaan JOS 5:10,11; By Hezekiah 2CH 30:1; By Josiah 2KI 23:22,23; 2CH 35:1,18; After the return from Babylonian captivity EZR 6:19,20
  • Observed by Jesus MAT 26:17-20; LUK 22:15; JHN 2:13,23; 13
  • Jesus in the temple courtyard at the time of LUK 2:41-50
  • Jesus crucified at the time of MAT 26:2; MRK 14:1,2; JHN 18:28
  • The lamb of, a type of Christ 1CO 5:7
  • The Lord's Supper ordained at MAT 26:26-28; MRK 14:12-25; LUK 22:7-20
  • Prisoner released at, by the Romans MAT 27:15; MRK 15:6; LUK 23:16,17; JHN 18:39
  • Peter imprisoned at the time of ACT 12:3
  • Christ called "our Passover," 1CO 5:7

FIRST FRUITS

  • First ripe of fruits, grain, oil, wine, and first of fleece, required as an offering EXO 22:29; LEV 2:12-16; NUM 18:12; DEU 18:4; 2CH 31:5; NEH 10:35,37,39; PRO 3:9; JER 2:3; ROM 11:16
  • Offerings of, must be free from blemish NUM 18:12
  • Presented at the tabernacle EXO 22:29; 23:19; 34:26; DEU 26:3-10
  • Belonged to the priests LEV 23:20; NUM 18:12,13; DEU 18:3-5
  • Freewill offerings of, given to the prophets 2KI 4:42
  • Wave offering of LEV 23:10-14,17
  • As a heave offering NUM 15:20; NEH 10:37; EZK 44:30
  • To be offered as a thank-offering upon entrance into the Land of Promise DEU 26:3-10
  • FIGURATIVE ROM 8:23; 11:16; 1CO 15:20,23; JAS 1:18

PENTECOST

  • Called: FEAST OF WEEKS EXO 34:22; DEU 16:10; FEAST OF HARVEST EXO 23:16; DAY OF FIRST FRUITS NUM 28:26; DAY OF PENTECOST ACT 2:1; 20:16; 1CO 16:8
  • Institution of EXO 23:16; 34:22; LEV 23:15-21; NUM 28:26-31; DEU 16:9-12,16
  • Holy Spirit given to the apostles on the first day of ACT 2

FEASTS

  • ANNUAL FESTIVALS (Instituted by Moses)
  • Designated as: SOLEMN FEASTS NUM 15:3; 2CH 8:13; LAM 2:6; EZK 46:9; SET FEASTS NUM 29:39; EZR 3:5; APPOINTED FEASTS ISA 1:14; HOLY CONVOCATIONS LEV 23:4
  • First and last days were SABBATIC LEV 23:39,40; NUM 28:18-25; 29:12,35; NEH 8:1-18
  • Kept with rejoicing LEV 23:40; DEU 16:11-14; 2CH 30:21-26; EZR 6:22; NEH 8:9-12,17; PSA 42:4; 122:4; ISA 30:29; ZEC 8:19
  • Divine protection given during EXO 34:24
  • The three principal were: PASSOVER, PENTECOST, TABERNACLES
  • All males were required to attend EXO 23:17; 34:23; DEU 16:16; PSA 42:4; 122:4; EZK 36:38; LUK 2:44; JHN 4:45; 7
  • Aliens (non-Jews) were permitted to attend JHN 12:20; ACT 2:1-11
  • Attended by women 1SA 1:3,9; LUK 2:41
  • Observed by Jesus MAT 26:17-20; LUK 2:41,42; 22:15; JHN 2:13,23; 5:1; 7:10; 10:22
  • Observed by Paul ACT 18:21; 19:21; 20:6,16; 24:11,17

LAMB OF GOD

  • A name of Jesus JHN 1:29; REV 6:16; 7:9,10,14,17; 12:11; 13:8; 14:1,4; 15:3; 17:14; 19:17; 21:9,14,22,23,27; 22:1,3

ATONEMENT

  • For tabernacle and furniture LEV 16:15-20,33
  • In consummation of the Levites NUM 8:21
  • For those defiled by the dead NUM 6:11
  • By meat offerings LEV 5:11-13
  • By jewels NUM 31:50
  • By money EXO 30:12-16; LEV 5:15,16; 2KI 12:16
  • By incense NUM 16:46-50
  • MADE BY JESUS:
  • Divinely ordained LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12; COL 1:19,20; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8
  • Made but once HEB 7:27; 9:24-28; 10:10,12,14; 1PE 3:18
  • Redemption by MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; 1TI 2:6; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9
  • Typified: GEN 4:4 with HEB 11:4; GEN 22:2 with HEB 11:17,19; EXO 12:5,11,14 with 1CO 5:7; EXO 24:8 with HEB 9:20; LEV 16:30,34 with HEB 9:7,12,28; LEV 17:11 with HEB 9:22
  • UNCLASSIFIED: PSA 40:6,7; ISA 53:4-12; DAN 9:24-27; ZEC 13:1; MAT 26:28; JHN 1:29,36; ROM 3:24-26; 5:1,2,6-11; 1CO 1:17,18; 15:3; 2CO 5:18,19; HEB 9:12-15,25,26; 10:1-20; 1PE 1:18-20; 2:24; 1JN 1:7; 2:2

RESURRECTION

  • General scriptures: JOB 14:12-15; 19:25-27; PSA 16:9,10; 17:15; 49:15; ISA 25:8; 26:19; EZK 37:1-14; DAN 12:2,3,13; HOS 13:14; MAT 22:23-32; 27:52,53; JHN 5:21,25,28,29; 11:23-25; ACT 2:26-31; ROM 4:16-21; 8:10,11; 1CO 6:14; 15:12-57; PHP 3:10,11,21; 1TH 4:14,16; HEB 11:19; REV 1:18; 20:4-6,13
  • FIGURATIVE of regeneration ROM 6:4; EPH 2:1,5,6; COL 2:12; 3:1
  • TYPIFIED: Isaac GEN 22:13 with HEB 11:19; Jonah JON 2:10 with MAT 12:40

HARVEST

  • Sabbath to be observed in EXO 34:21
  • Of wheat at Pentecost, in Palestine EXO 34:22; LEV 23:15-17
  • Of barley, before wheat EXO 9:31,32
  • Celebrated with joy JDG 9:27; ISA 9:3; 16:10; JER 48:33
  • Promises of plentiful GEN 8:22; JER 5:24; JOL 2:23,24
  • FIGURATIVE JOB 24:6; PRO 10:5; JER 8:20; JOL 3:13; MAT 9:37; 13:39; LUK 10:2; REV 14:15

LEAVEN (YEAST)

  • For bread EXO 12:34,39; HOS 7:4; MAT 13:33
  • Leavened bread used: With a peace-offering LEV 7:13; AMO 4:5; With a wave-offering LEV 23:15-17
  • Leavened bread forbidden: With meat offerings LEV 2:11; 6:17; 10:12; EXO 23:18; 34:25; At the Passover meal EXO 12:19,20; 13:3,4,7; 23:18; With blood EXO 23:18; 34:25
  • A symbol for sin 1CO 5:6-8
  • FIGURATIVE: Of the hypocrisy of the Pharisees MAT 16:6-12; MRK 8:15; LUK 12:1; Of other evils 1CO 5:6-8; GAL 5:9; Parable of MAT 13:33; LUK 13:21
  • UNLEAVENED BREAD: See BREAD; See PASSOVER

TYPES

  • OF THE SAVIOUR COL 2:17; HEB 9:7-15,18-28; 10:1-10
  • High priest, typical of the mediatorship EXO 28:1,12,29,30,38; LEV 16:15; ZEC 6:12,13; with HEB 5; 8:2; 10:21
  • The institutions ordained by Moses MAT 26:54; LUK 24:25-27,44-47; COL 2:14-17; HEB 10:1-14
  • The sacrifices LEV 4:2,3,12; HEB 9:7-15,18-25; 10:1-22,29; 13:11-13; 1PE 1:19; REV 5:6
  • The morning and evening sacrifice JHN 1:29,36
  • The Paschal lamb 1CO 5:7
  • The Bronze Altar EXO 27:1,2 with HEB 13:10
  • The Mercy-Seat EXO 25:17-22 with HEB 4:16
  • The Curtain EXO 40:21; 2CH 3:14 with HEB 10:20
  • Manna JHN 6:32-35; 1CO 10:3
  • Adam ROM 5:14; 1CO 15:45
  • Melchizedek HEB 7:1-17
  • Moses DEU 18:15,18; ACT 3:20,22; HEB 3:2-6
  • Jonah JON 1:17 with MAT 12:40

UNLEAVENED BREAD

  • (With yeast, which symbolized pervasive corruption) -- See BREAD; See PASSOVER

LAMB

  • Connected to Passover sacrifice; EXO 29:38-41; LEV 3:7; 23:12; NUM 6:12; 28:3-8

HOLY SPIRIT

  • Outpouring prophesied: JOL 2:28,29; ISA 44:3,4; ZEC 12:10
  • Fulfilled at Pentecost: ACT 1:2,5,8; 2:1-42
  • Jesus' teaching: JHN 7:38,39; 14:16,17,26; 15:26; 16:7-14