Raw Greek Parsing Output¶

Colossians 2:16 -- Shadow Statement (feast/new moon/sabbath triad)¶

 WORD Μὴ οὖν τις ὑμᾶς κρινέτω ἐν βρώσει καὶ ἐν πόσει ἢ ἐν μέρει ἑορτῆς ἢ νεομηνίας ἢ σαββάτων,

Key observations: - krinetō (Pres Act Imperative 3s) = "let [him] judge" -- present tense imperative - en merei = "in respect of" / "in the matter of" (dative of reference) - heortēs ē neomēnias ē sabbatōn = feast or new moon or sabbaths -- this - sabbatōn is genitive plural, could refer to sabbath days or sabbath weeks href="#__codelineno-0-1">Greek: Μὴ οὖν τις ὑμᾶς κρινέτω ἐν βρώσει καὶ ἐν πόσει ἢ ἐν μέρει ἑορτῆς ἢ νεομηνίας ἢ σαββάτων, LEMMA STRONG PARSING μή G3361 [PRT-N] οὖν G3767 [CONJ] τὶς G5100 [X-NSM] Nom Sg M σύ G4771 [P-2AP] Acc Pl κρίνω G2919 [V-PAM-3S] Pres Act Impv 3s ἐν G1722 [PREP] βρῶσις G1035 [N-DSF] Dat Sg F -- "food/eating" καί G2532 [CONJ] ἐν G1722 [PREP] πόσις G4213 [N-DSF] Dat Sg F -- "drinking" ἤ G2228 [PRT] -- "or" ἐν G1722 [PREP] μέρος G3313 [N-DSN] Dat Sg N -- "part/respect" ἑορτή G1859 [N-GSF] Gen Sg F -- "feast/festival" ἤ G2228 [PRT] -- "or" νεομηνία G3561 [N-GSF] Gen Sg F -- "new moon" ἤ G2228 [PRT] -- "or" σάββατον G4521 [N-GPN] Gen Pl N -- "sabbaths" with negative = stop an ongoing action is the standard OT triad (2 Chr 31:3; Eze 45:17; Hos 2:11)

Colossians 2:17 -- Shadow/Body of Christ¶

Greek: ἅ ἐστιν σκιὰ τῶν μελλόντων, τὸ δὲ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ.

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
ἅ                    ὅς              G3739    [R-NPN] Nom Pl N   -- "which" (relative)
ἐστιν                εἰμί            G1510    [V-PAI-3S] Pres Act Ind 3s -- "is/are"
σκιὰ                 σκιά            G4639    [N-NSF] Nom Sg F   -- "shadow"
τῶν                  ὁ               G3588    [T-GPN] Gen Pl N
μελλόντων,           μέλλω           G3195    [V-PAP-GPN] Pres Act Ptcp Gen Pl N -- "coming/about to be"
τὸ                   ὁ               G3588    [T-NSN] Nom Sg N
δὲ                   δέ              G1161    [CONJ]             -- "but/however"
σῶμα                 σῶμα            G4983    [N-NSN] Nom Sg N   -- "body"
τοῦ                  ὁ               G3588    [T-GSM] Gen Sg M
Χριστοῦ.             Χριστός         G5547    [N-GSM] Gen Sg M   -- "of Christ"

Key observations: - ha estin skia = "which are a shadow" (neuter plural relative pronoun, agreeing with the preceding list) - tōn mellontōn = "of the things coming/about to be" -- present active participle, genitive plural; the shadow is of FUTURE things - to de sōma tou Christou = "but the body [is] of Christ" -- sōma (body) contrasts with skia (shadow); no verb supplied = understood copula "is" - The construction: feasts/new moons/sabbaths = shadow; Christ = body/substance casting the shadow

1 Corinthians 5:7 -- Christ Our Passover¶

Greek: ἐκκαθάρατε τὴν παλαιὰν ζύμην, ἵνα ἦτε νέον φύραμα, καθώς ἐστε ἄζυμοι. καὶ γὰρ τὸ πάσχα ἡμῶν ἐτύθη Χριστός.

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
ἐκκαθάρατε           ἐκκαθαίρω       G1571    [V-AAM-2P] Aor Act Impv 2p -- "purge out/cleanse thoroughly"
τὴν παλαιὰν          παλαιός         G3820    [A-ASF] Acc Sg F   -- "old"
ζύμην,               ζύμη            G2219    [N-ASF] Acc Sg F   -- "leaven"
ἵνα                  ἵνα             G2443    [CONJ]             -- "in order that"
ἦτε                  εἰμί            G1510    [V-PAS-2P] Pres Act Subj 2p -- "you may be"
νέον                 νέος            G3501    [A-NSN] Nom Sg N   -- "new"
φύραμα,              φύραμα          G5445    [N-NSN] Nom Sg N   -- "lump [of dough]"
καθώς                καθώς           G2531    [ADV]              -- "just as"
ἐστε                 εἰμί            G1510    [V-PAI-2P] Pres Act Ind 2p -- "you are"
ἄζυμοι.              ἄζυμος          G106     [A-NPM] Nom Pl M   -- "unleavened"
καὶ γὰρ              καί + γάρ       G2532+G1063                -- "for also / for indeed"
τὸ πάσχα             πάσχα           G3957    [ARAM] Nom Sg N    -- "the Passover"
ἡμῶν                 ἐγώ             G1473    [P-1GP] Gen Pl     -- "our"
ἐτύθη                θύω             G2380    [V-API-3S] Aor Pass Ind 3s -- "was sacrificed"
Χριστός.             Χριστός         G5547    [N-NSM] Nom Sg M   -- "Christ"

Key observations: - ekkatherate (Aorist Active Imperative) = urgency, decisive action: "purge out thoroughly!" - to pascha hēmōn = "the Passover of us" = "our Passover" - etythē Christos = "was sacrificed Christ" -- Aorist Passive Indicative of thyō (to sacrifice/slay); the Passover lamb was sacrificed = Christ was sacrificed - azymoi = "unleavened" -- positional reality in Christ

1 Corinthians 5:8 -- Keep the Feast¶

Greek: ὥστε ἑορτάζωμεν, μὴ ἐν ζύμῃ παλαιᾷ μηδὲ ἐν ζύμῃ κακίας καὶ πονηρίας, ἀλλ' ἐν ἀζύμοις εἰλικρινίας καὶ ἀληθείας.

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
ὥστε                 ὥστε            G5620    [CONJ]             -- "therefore/so that"
ἑορτάζωμεν,          ἑορτάζω         G1858    [V-PAS-1P] Pres Act Subj 1p -- "let us keep the feast"
ζύμῃ                 ζύμη            G2219    [N-DSF] Dat Sg F   -- "leaven"
κακίας               κακία           G2549    [N-GSF] Gen Sg F   -- "malice"
πονηρίας,            πονηρία         G4189    [N-GSF] Gen Sg F   -- "wickedness"
ἀζύμοις              ἄζυμος          G106     [A-DPN] Dat Pl N   -- "unleavened [bread]"
εἰλικρινίας          εἰλικρίνεια     G1505    [N-GSF] Gen Sg F   -- "sincerity"
ἀληθείας.            ἀλήθεια         G225     [N-GSF] Gen Sg F   -- "truth"

Key observations: - heortazōmen (Pres Act Subjunctive) = "let us keep festival" (hortatory subjunctive); the root heortazō is cognate to heortē (feast) used in Col 2:16 - Contrasts: old leaven + leaven of malice/wickedness vs. unleavened [bread] of sincerity and truth - Paul takes Passover/Unleavened Bread imagery and applies it to ongoing Christian life

1 Corinthians 15:20 -- Christ the Firstfruits¶

Greek: Νυνὶ δὲ Χριστὸς ἐγήγερται ἐκ νεκρῶν, ἀπαρχὴ τῶν κεκοιμημένων.

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
Νυνὶ                 νυνί            G3570    [ADV]              -- "now/but now"
δὲ                   δέ              G1161    [CONJ]             -- "but/however"
Χριστὸς              Χριστός         G5547    [N-NSM] Nom Sg M   -- "Christ"
ἐγήγερται            ἐγείρω          G1453    [V-RPI-3S] Perf Pass Ind 3s -- "has been raised"
ἐκ                   ἐκ              G1537    [PREP]             -- "out from"
νεκρῶν,              νεκρός          G3498    [A-GPM] Gen Pl M   -- "dead [ones]"
ἀπαρχὴ               ἀπαρχή          G536     [N-NSF] Nom Sg F   -- "firstfruit"
τῶν κεκοιμημένων.    κοιμάομαι       G2837    [V-RPP-GPM] Perf Pass Ptcp Gen Pl M -- "of those having fallen asleep"

Key observations: - egēgertai = PERFECT passive indicative -- "has been raised and remains raised" -- the ongoing state of Christ's resurrection - aparchē = "firstfruit" (G536) -- in apposition to Christos; Christ IS the firstfruit - tōn kekoimēmenōn = "of those having fallen asleep" (PERFECT passive participle) -- the dead in Christ - The firstfruit implies a harvest to follow: Christ raised first, then those who are His

1 Corinthians 15:23 -- Order of Resurrection¶

Greek: Ἕκαστος δὲ ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ τάγματι· ἀπαρχὴ Χριστός, ἔπειτα οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐν τῇ παρουσίᾳ αὐτοῦ,

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
Ἕκαστος              ἕκαστος         G1538    [A-NSM]            -- "each one"
τάγματι·             τάγμα           G5001    [N-DSN] Dat Sg N   -- "order/rank" (military)
ἀπαρχὴ               ἀπαρχή          G536     [N-NSF] Nom Sg F   -- "firstfruit"
Χριστός,             Χριστός         G5547    [N-NSM] Nom Sg M   -- "Christ"
ἔπειτα               ἔπειτα          G1899    [ADV]              -- "then/afterward"
οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ                                                   -- "those of Christ"
ἐν τῇ παρουσίᾳ       παρουσία        G3952    [N-DSF] Dat Sg F   -- "at the coming/presence"
αὐτοῦ,               αὐτός           G846     [P-GSM]            -- "of him"

Key observations: - tagmati = "rank" -- military ordering; the resurrection has an ORDER - aparchē Christos = "firstfruit [is] Christ" -- Christ is the initial wave-sheaf offering - epeita hoi tou Christou = "then those belonging to Christ" -- the harvest follows the firstfruit - en tē parousia autou = "at his coming/presence" -- the harvest comes at the parousia (second coming)

1 Thessalonians 4:16 -- Trumpet of God¶

Greek: ὅτι αὐτὸς ὁ Κύριος ἐν κελεύσματι, ἐν φωνῇ ἀρχαγγέλου καὶ ἐν σάλπιγγι Θεοῦ, καταβήσεται ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ, καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀναστήσονται πρῶτον,

WORD                 LEMMA           STRONG   PARSING
αὐτὸς                αὐτός           G846     [P-NSM]            -- "himself"
ὁ Κύριος             κύριος          G2962    [N-NSM]            -- "the Lord"
ἐν κελεύσματι,       κέλευσμα        G2752    [N-DSN] Dat Sg N   -- "with a command/shout"
ἐν φωνῇ              φωνή            G5456    [N-DSF] Dat Sg F   -- "with [the] voice"
ἀρχαγγέλου           ἀρχάγγελος      G743     [N-GSM] Gen Sg M   -- "of [an] archangel"
ἐν σάλπιγγι          σάλπιγξ         G4536    [N-DSF] Dat Sg F   -- "with [the] trumpet"
Θεοῦ,                θεός            G2316    [N-GSM] Gen Sg M   -- "of God"
καταβήσεται          καταβαίνω       G2597    [V-FDI-3S] Fut Mid Ind 3s -- "will descend"
ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ,         οὐρανός         G3772    [N-GSM] Gen Sg M   -- "from heaven"
οἱ νεκροὶ            νεκρός          G3498    [A-NPM] Nom Pl M   -- "the dead"
ἐν Χριστῷ            Χριστός         G5547    [N-DSM] Dat Sg M   -- "in Christ"
ἀναστήσονται         ἀνίστημι        G450     [V-FMI-3P] Fut Mid Ind 3p -- "will rise"
πρῶτον,              πρῶτος          G4412    [ADV-S]            -- "first"

Key observations: - Three accompaniments: en keleusmati (command), en phōnē archangelou (archangel's voice), en salpingi theou (trumpet of God) - salpingi (G4536) = trumpet -- cognate to salpizō in 1 Cor 15:52; LXX equivalent of teru'ah (H8643) - katabēsetai (Future Middle) = "will descend" -- the Lord personally descends - hoi nekroi en Christō anastēsontai prōton = "the dead in Christ will rise first" -- temporal priority of the dead before the living