Skip to content

Topics Research

Question

What are the major sacrifice types in the Levitical system (burnt, sin, trespass, peace, grain), what does each one accomplish theologically, and how does each find fulfillment in Christ?

Topics

OFFERINGS

Source: Nave's Topical Bible

General regulations: - Offered at the door of the tabernacle (LEV 1:3; 3:2; 17:4,8,9) or temple (2CH 7:12; 1KI 8:62) - All animal sacrifices must be eight days old or more (LEV 22:27) - Must be salted (LEV 2:13; EZK 43:24; MRK 9:49) - Some with leaven (LEV 7:13; AMO 4:5), some without (EXO 23:18; 34:25)

BURNT (olah) -- LEV 9:2: - Purpose: to make atonement for sin (LEV 1:4; 7) - Core ordinances: EXO 29:15-18; LEV 1; 5:7-10; 6:9-13; 17:8,9; 23:18,26-37; NUM 15:24,25; 19:9; 28:26-31; 29 - Accompanied by other offerings (NUM 15:3-16) - Skins belonged to priests (LEV 7:8) - Offered daily morning and evening: GEN 15:17; EXO 29:38-42; LEV 6:20; NUM 28; 29:6; 1CH 16:40; 2CH 2:4; 13:11; EZR 3:3; EZK 46:13-15 - Music with burnt offerings (NUM 10:10)

MEAT/GRAIN (minchah): - Ordinances: EXO 29:40,41; 30:9; 40:29; LEV 2; 5:11,12; 6:14-23; 7:9-13,37; 9:17; 23:13,16,17; NUM 4:16; 5:15,18,25,26; 8:8; 15:3-16,24; 18:9; 28:5,9,12,13,20,21,26-31; 29:3,4,14 - Not mixed with leaven (LEV 2:4,11; 6:14-18; 10:12,13; NUM 6:15,17) - Eaten in the holy place (LEV 10:13; NUM 18:9,10)

PEACE (shelamim): - Laws: EXO 29:19-22,31; LEV 7:11-15,18; 9:3,4,15-21; 23:19; NUM 6:14; 10:10

SIN (chattat): - Ordinances: EXO 29:10-14 (with HEB 13:11-13); LEV 4; 5; 6:1-7,26-30; 9:1-21; 12:6-8; 14:19,22,31; 15:30; 23:19; NUM 6:10,11,14,16; 8:8,12; 15:27; 28:15,22-24,30; 29:5,6,11,16-38 - Temporary: DAN 11:31; HEB 9; 10

TRESPASS (asham): - Ordinances: LEV 5; 6:1-7; 7:1-7; 14:10-22; 15:15,29,30; 19:21,22; NUM 6:12; EZR 10:19 - Eaten by priests (LEV 7:6,7; 14:13; NUM 18:9,10) - Even offered by idolaters (1SA 6:3,8,17,18)

THANK (todah): - LEV 7:11-15; 22:29; DEU 12:11,12

ANIMAL SACRIFICES AS TYPE OF CHRIST: - PSA 40:6-8 with HEB 10:1-14; ISA 53:11,12 with LEV 16:21; JHN 1:29; 1CO 5:7; 2CO 5:21; EPH 5:2; HEB 9:19-28; 10:1,11,12; 13:11-13; REV 5:6

INSUFFICIENCY OF OFFERINGS: - HEB 8:7-13; 9:1-15; 10:1-12,18-20

USELESS WITHOUT GENUINE PIETY: - 1SA 15:22; PSA 40:6; 50:8-14; 51:16,17; PRO 21:3,27; ISA 1:11-14; 40:16; 66:3; JER 6:20; 7:21-23; 14:12; HOS 6:6; 8:13; AMO 5:21-24; MIC 6:6-8; MRK 12:33

ATONEMENT

Source: Nave's Topical Bible

By animal sacrifices: EXO 29:36; 30:12-16; LEV 1:4; 4:20,22-35; 5:6-10; 6:7; 9:7; 10:17; 12:6-8; 14:12-32; 16:6,10,11,15-19,24-34; 17:11; 19:22; NUM 15:22-28; 28:22,30; 29:5,10,11; HEB 9:22

Day of Atonement: EXO 30:10; LEV 16:2-34; 23:27-32; NUM 29:7-11; HEB 5:3; 9:7,19,22

Made by Jesus: - Divinely ordained: LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12; COL 1:19,20; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8 - Made but once: HEB 7:27; 9:24-28; 10:10,12,14; 1PE 3:18 - Redemption by: MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; 1TI 2:6; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9 - Typified: GEN 4:4/HEB 11:4; GEN 22:2/HEB 11:17,19; EXO 12:5,11,14/1CO 5:7; LEV 16:30,34/HEB 9:7,12,28; LEV 17:11/HEB 9:22

BLOOD

Source: Nave's Topical Bible

Is the life: GEN 9:4; LEV 17:11,14; DEU 12:23

Sacrificial blood procedures by offering type: - Sin offering: sprinkled 7x before curtain (LEV 4:5,6,17); on horns of incense altar and bottom of burnt offering altar (EXO 30:10; LEV 4:7,18,25,30; 5:9; 9:9,12) - Trespass offering: sprinkled on the altar (LEV 7:2) - Burnt offering: sprinkled all around and upon the altar (EXO 29:16; LEV 1:5,11,15; 8:19; DEU 12:27) - Peace offering: sprinkled about the altar (LEV 3:2,8,13; 9:18) - Atonement: sprinkled on mercy seat (LEV 16:14,15,18,19,27; 17:11)

Blood of Christ: MAT 26:28; ROM 3:24,25; 5:9; 1CO 10:16; EPH 1:7; 2:13; COL 1:14,20; HEB 9:12-14; 10:19,20; 13:12; 1PE 1:18,19; 1JN 1:7; REV 1:5; 5:9; 7:14; 12:11

SACRIFICES

Figurative: ROM 12:1; PHP 2:17; 4:18 - Of self-denial: PHP 3:7,8 - Of praise: PSA 116:17; JER 33:11; HOS 14:2; HEB 13:15

LAMB OF GOD

  • JHN 1:29; REV 6:16; 7:9,10,14,17; 12:11; 13:8; 14:1,4; 15:3; 17:14; 19:17; 21:9,14,22,23,27; 22:1,3

RESTITUTION

  • For injury: EXO 21:30-36; LEV 24:18
  • For theft: EXO 22:1-4; PRO 6:30,31; EZK 33:15
  • For dishonesty: LEV 6:2-5; NUM 5:7; LUK 19:8
  • Unique connection to trespass offering: principal + one-fifth (20% surcharge)

PROPITIATION

  • ROM 3:25; 5:1,10,11; 2CO 5:18,19; COL 1:20-22; 1JN 2:2; 4:10; HEB 9:5

CONSECRATION

  • Personal: PSA 51:17; MAT 13:44-46; ROM 6:13,16,19; 12:1; 2CO 8:5
  • Instances: Cain and Abel (GEN 4:4-7); Abraham/Isaac (GEN 22:9-12)

EUCHARIST / LORD'S SUPPER (communion meal parallel to peace offering)

  • MAT 26:17-30; MRK 14:22-24; LUK 22:19,20; 1CO 10:16,17; 11:20-34

COMMUNION / FELLOWSHIP

  • PSA 16:7; JHN 14:16-18,23; 1JN 1:3; REV 3:20
  • EXO 21:18,19,22,28-34; LEV 6:1-5; DEU 22:13-19,28,29