Greek Parsing — Rev 14:14-20¶

Rev 14:14¶

Greek: Καὶ εἶδον, καὶ ἰδοὺ νεφέλη λευκή, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν νεφέλην καθήμενον ὅμοιον υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου, ἔχων ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ στέφανον χρυσοῦν καὶ ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ δρέπανον ὀξύ.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
εἶδον	ὁράω	G3708	V-2AAI-1S (Aor Act Ind 1st Sg)
ἰδοὺ	ὁράω	G3708	V-2AMM-2S (Aor Mid Impv 2nd Sg)
νεφέλη	νεφέλη	G3507	N-NSF (Nom Sg F)
λευκή	λευκός	G3022	A-NSF (Nom Sg F)
καθήμενον	κάθημαι	G2521	V-PNP-ASM (Pres M/P Ptcp Acc Sg M)
ὅμοιον	ὅμοιος	G3664	A-ASM (Acc Sg M)
υἱὸν	υἱός	G5207	N-ASM (Acc Sg M)
ἀνθρώπου	ἄνθρωπος	G444	N-GSM (Gen Sg M)
ἔχων	ἔχω	G2192	V-PAP-NSM (Pres Act Ptcp Nom Sg M)
στέφανον	στέφανος	G4735	N-ASM (Acc Sg M)
χρυσοῦν	χρυσοῦς	G5552	A-ASM (Acc Sg M)
δρέπανον	δρέπανον	G1407	N-ASN (Acc Sg N)
ὀξύ	ὀξύς	G3691	A-ASN (Acc Sg N)

Key notes: "homoion huion anthropou" = "like a son of man" (accusative, anarthrous — no definite article = "A son of man," not "THE Son of Man"). stephanos chrysoun = golden victor's crown (NOT diadema). kathemenon = present M/P participle = "sitting" (continuous action).

Rev 14:15¶

Greek: Καὶ ἄλλος ἄγγελος ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ τοῦ ναοῦ, κράζων ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπὶ τῆς νεφέλης Πέμψον τὸ δρέπανόν σου καὶ θέρισον, ὅτι ἦλθεν ἡ ὥρα θερίσαι, ὅτι ἐξηράνθη ὁ θερισμὸς τῆς γῆς.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
ἐξῆλθεν	ἐξέρχομαι	G1831	V-2AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind 3rd Sg)
ναοῦ	ναός	G3485	N-GSM (Gen Sg M) — the inner sanctuary/temple
κράζων	κράζω	G2896	V-PAP-NSM (Pres Act Ptcp Nom Sg M)
Πέμψον	πέμπω	G3992	V-AAM-2S (Aor Act Impv 2nd Sg) — "Send!"
θέρισον	θερίζω	G2325	V-AAM-2S (Aor Act Impv 2nd Sg) — "Reap!"
ἦλθεν	ἔρχομαι	G2064	V-2AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind 3rd Sg) — "has come"
ὥρα	ὥρα	G5610	N-NSF (Nom Sg F) — "the hour"
θερίσαι	θερίζω	G2325	V-AAN (Aor Act Inf) — "to reap"
ἐξηράνθη	ξηραίνω	G3583	V-API-3S (Aor Pass Ind 3rd Sg) — "was dried/ripened"
θερισμὸς	θερισμός	G2326	N-NSM (Nom Sg M) — "the harvest"

Key notes: Two aorist imperatives (pempon, therison) = urgent, decisive commands. elthen he hora = "the hour HAS COME" (same aorist as Rev 14:7). exeranthe = "was dried out/ripened" (aorist passive). The angel comes ek tou naou = "out of the temple/sanctuary" — the inner shrine, the seat of divine authority.

Rev 14:16¶

Greek: καὶ ἔβαλεν ὁ καθήμενος ἐπὶ τῆς νεφέλης τὸ δρέπανον αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἐθερίσθη ἡ γῆ.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
ἔβαλεν	βάλλω	G906	V-2AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind 3rd Sg) — "cast/thrust"
καθήμενος	κάθημαι	G2521	V-PNP-NSM (Pres M/P Ptcp Nom Sg M)
δρέπανον	δρέπανον	G1407	N-ASN (Acc Sg N)
ἐθερίσθη	θερίζω	G2325	V-API-3S (Aor Pass Ind 3rd Sg) — "was reaped"

Key notes: etheristhe = aorist passive "the earth WAS REAPED" — completed, decisive action. The subject who does the reaping is "the one sitting on the cloud" (the Son of Man figure). No moral evaluation given — the text simply states the earth was reaped.

Rev 14:17¶

Greek: Καὶ ἄλλος ἄγγελος ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ἔχων καὶ αὐτὸς δρέπανον ὀξύ.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
ἐξῆλθεν	ἐξέρχομαι	G1831	V-2AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind 3rd Sg)
ναοῦ	ναός	G3485	N-GSM (Gen Sg M)
οὐρανῷ	οὐρανός	G3772	N-DSM (Dat Sg M)
δρέπανον	δρέπανον	G1407	N-ASN (Acc Sg N)
ὀξύ	ὀξύς	G3691	A-ASN (Acc Sg N)

Key notes: "tou naou tou en to ourano" = "the temple WHICH IS IN HEAVEN" — doubly qualified, emphasizing the heavenly origin. This angel also (kai autos) has a sharp sickle — parallel to the Son of Man's sickle.

Rev 14:18¶

Greek: Καὶ ἄλλος ἄγγελος ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, ὁ ἔχων ἐξουσίαν ἐπὶ τοῦ πυρός, καὶ ἐφώνησεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ τῷ ἔχοντι τὸ δρέπανον τὸ ὀξὺ λέγων Πέμψον σου τὸ δρέπανον τὸ ὀξὺ καὶ τρύγησον τοὺς βότρυας τῆς ἀμπέλου τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἤκμασαν αἱ σταφυλαὶ αὐτῆς.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
θυσιαστηρίου	θυσιαστήριον	G2379	N-GSN (Gen Sg N) — "the altar" (UNQUALIFIED)
ἔχων	ἔχω	G2192	V-PAP-NSM — "having" (articulated: ho echon = "the one having")
ἐξουσίαν	ἐξουσία	G1849	N-ASF — "authority"
πυρός	πῦρ	G4442	N-GSN — "fire"
ἐφώνησεν	φωνέω	G5455	V-AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind) — "cried out"
Πέμψον	πέμπω	G3992	V-AAM-2S (Aor Act Impv) — "Send!"
τρύγησον	τρυγάω	G5166	V-AAM-2S (Aor Act Impv) — "Gather/Vintage!"
βότρυας	βότρυς	G1009	N-APM (Acc Pl M) — "clusters"
ἀμπέλου	ἄμπελος	G288	N-GSF — "the vine"
ἤκμασαν	ἀκμάζω	G187	V-AAI-3P (Aor Act Ind 3rd Pl) — "have ripened/peaked"
σταφυλαὶ	σταφυλή	G4718	N-NPF (Nom Pl F) — "grapes"

Key notes: The altar is UNQUALIFIED (thysiasteriou without chrysou = burnt offering altar, not incense altar). exousian epi tou pyros = "authority over fire" — unique qualification. trygeson = "harvest grapes/vintage" (distinct from therizo = grain harvest). ekmasen (from akmazo) = "reached their prime/peak" — fully ripe. Two words for grapes: botrys (G1009, cluster as unit) and staphyle (G4718, individual grapes).

Rev 14:19¶

Greek: καὶ ἔβαλεν ὁ ἄγγελος τὸ δρέπανον αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἐτρύγησεν τὴν ἄμπελον τῆς γῆς καὶ ἔβαλεν εἰς τὴν ληνὸν τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν μέγαν.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
ἔβαλεν	βάλλω	G906	V-2AAI-3S — "cast/thrust"
ἐτρύγησεν	τρυγάω	G5166	V-AAI-3S — "gathered/vintaged"
ἄμπελον	ἄμπελος	G288	N-ASF — "the vine"
ληνὸν	ληνός	G3025	N-ASF — "winepress"
θυμοῦ	θυμός	G2372	N-GSM — "wrath/fury"
Θεοῦ	θεός	G2316	N-GSM — "of God"
μέγαν	μέγας	G3173	A-ASM — "great"

Key notes: Three rapid aorist verbs (ebalen, etrygesen, ebalen) = swift, decisive action. "ten lenon tou thymou tou Theou ton megan" = "the great winepress of the wrath of God." ton megan is accusative masculine, grammatically modifying thymou (masculine) rather than lenon (feminine) — "the great wrath" rather than "the great winepress."

Rev 14:20¶

Greek: καὶ ἐπατήθη ἡ ληνὸς ἔξωθεν τῆς πόλεως, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν αἷμα ἐκ τῆς ληνοῦ ἄχρι τῶν χαλινῶν τῶν ἵππων, ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων.

Word	Lemma	Strong's	Parsing
ἐπατήθη	πατέω	G3961	V-API-3S (Aor Pass Ind) — "was trodden"
ληνὸς	ληνός	G3025	N-NSF — "the winepress"
ἔξωθεν	ἔξωθεν	G1855	ADV — "outside"
πόλεως	πόλις	G4172	N-GSF — "the city"
αἷμα	αἷμα	G129	N-NSN — "blood"
χαλινῶν	χαλινός	G5469	N-GPM — "bridles"
ἵππων	ἵππος	G2462	N-GPM — "horses"
σταδίων	στάδιον	G4712	N-GPM — "stadia/furlongs"
χιλίων	χίλιοι	G5507	A-GPM — "a thousand"
ἑξακοσίων	ἑξακόσιοι	G1812	A-GPM — "six hundred"

Key notes: epatethe = aorist passive "was trodden" (cf. Isa 63:3 "I have trodden the winepress"). exothen tes poleos = "outside the city" — significant spatial marker. achri ton chalinon ton hippon = "up to the bridles of the horses" — measuring height of blood. apo stadion chilion hexakosion = "from/for 1600 stadia" — measuring distance. 1600 = 40 x 40 (symbolic?) or approximately 200 miles (length of Palestine?).