Greek Parsing — Revelation 9:1-21 (Complete)¶
Rev 9:1¶
Greek: Καὶ ὁ πέμπτος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν· καὶ εἶδον ἀστέρα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεπτωκότα εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ ἡ κλεὶς τοῦ φρέατος τῆς ἀβύσσου.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Καὶ | καί | G2532 | CONJ |
| ὁ | ὁ | G3588 | T-NSM |
| πέμπτος | πέμπτος | G3991 | A-NSM (fifth) |
| ἄγγελος | ἄγγελος | G32 | N-NSM |
| ἐσάλπισεν | σαλπίζω | G4537 | V-AAI-3S (Aor Act Ind) |
| εἶδον | ὁράω | G3708 | V-2AAI-1S (Aor Act Ind, I saw) |
| ἀστέρα | ἀστήρ | G792 | N-ASM (star, acc) |
| πεπτωκότα | πίπτω | G4098 | V-RAP-ASM (Perf Act Ptcp) |
| ἐδόθη | δίδωμι | G1325 | V-API-3S (Aor Pass Ind, was given) |
| κλεὶς | κλείς | G2807 | N-NSF (key) |
| ἀβύσσου | ἄβυσσος | G12 | N-GSF (abyss, gen) |
KEY GRAMMAR: πεπτωκότα (peptotkota) is PERFECT ACTIVE PARTICIPLE — "having fallen" (completed action with continuing result). The star is not observed falling; it HAS ALREADY FALLEN. ἐδόθη (edothē) is AORIST PASSIVE — the key "was given" to him, indicating delegated authority.
Rev 9:2¶
Greek: καὶ ἤνοιξεν τὸ φρέαρ τῆς ἀβύσσου· καὶ ἀνέβη καπνὸς ἐκ τοῦ φρέατος ὡς καπνὸς καμίνου μεγάλης...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἤνοιξεν | ἀνοίγω | G455 | V-AAI-3S (opened) |
| ἀνέβη | ἀναβαίνω | G305 | V-2AAI-3S (went up) |
| καπνὸς | καπνός | G2586 | N-NSM (smoke) |
| καμίνου | κάμινος | G2575 | N-GSF (furnace) |
| ἐσκοτώθη | σκοτόω | G4656 | V-API-3S (Aor Pass Ind, was darkened) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἐσκοτώθη (eskotōthē) is PASSIVE — the sun and air "were darkened" (by the smoke), not an active self-darkening.
Rev 9:3¶
Greek: καὶ ἐκ τοῦ καπνοῦ ἐξῆλθον ἀκρίδες εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἐξουσία ὡς ἔχουσιν ἐξουσίαν οἱ σκορπίοι τῆς γῆς.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἐξῆλθον | ἐξέρχομαι | G1831 | V-2AAI-3P (came out) |
| ἀκρίδες | ἀκρίς | G200 | N-NPF (locusts, nom pl) |
| ἐδόθη | δίδωμι | G1325 | V-API-3S (was given — delegated power) |
| ἐξουσία | ἐξουσία | G1849 | N-NSF (authority/power) |
| σκορπίοι | σκορπίος | G4651 | N-NPM (scorpions) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἐδόθη again — authority "was given" (divine passive). The locusts do not possess inherent power; it is delegated.
Rev 9:4¶
Greek: καὶ ἐρρέθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀδικήσουσιν τὸν χόρτον τῆς γῆς οὐδὲ πᾶν χλωρὸν οὐδὲ πᾶν δένδρον, εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους οἵτινες οὐκ ἔχουσιν τὴν σφραγῖδα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπὶ τῶν μετώπων.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἐρρέθη | εἶπον | G2046 | V-API-3S (it was said — divine command) |
| ἀδικήσουσιν | ἀδικέω | G91 | V-FAI-3P (shall harm) |
| σφραγῖδα | σφραγίς | G4973 | N-ASF (seal) |
| μετώπων | μέτωπον | G3359 | N-GPN (foreheads) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἐρρέθη (errethē) is AORIST PASSIVE of eipon — "it was commanded to them." The divine passive establishes that God sets the limits on the locusts' activity.
Rev 9:5¶
Greek: καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν αὐτούς, ἀλλ' ἵνα βασανισθήσονται μῆνας πέντε...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἀποκτείνωσιν | ἀποκτείνω | G615 | V-AAS-3P (Aor Act Subj — not kill) |
| βασανισθήσονται | βασανίζω | G928 | V-FPI-3P (Fut Pass Ind — they shall be tormented) |
| μῆνας | μήν | G3376 | N-APM (months, acc) |
| βασανισμὸς | βασανισμός | G929 | N-NSM (torment) |
| σκορπίου | σκορπίος | G4651 | N-GSM (of a scorpion) |
| παίσῃ | παίω | G3817 | V-AAS-3S (strikes) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἀποκτείνωσιν is AORIST SUBJUNCTIVE after ἵνα μὴ — purpose clause of prohibition: "in order that they should NOT kill." βασανισθήσονται is FUTURE PASSIVE — "they shall be tormented."
Rev 9:6¶
Greek: καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ζητήσουσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι τὸν θάνατον καὶ οὐ μὴ εὑρήσουσιν αὐτόν...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ζητήσουσιν | ζητέω | G2212 | V-FAI-3P (shall seek) |
| θάνατον | θάνατος | G2288 | N-ASM (death) |
| οὐ μὴ | — | — | Double negative = emphatic denial |
| εὑρήσουσιν | εὑρίσκω | G2147 | V-FAI-3P (shall find) |
| φεύγει | φεύγω | G5343 | V-PAI-3S (PRESENT — death KEEPS fleeing) |
KEY GRAMMAR: The double negative οὐ μὴ with FUTURE indicative creates an emphatic denial: "they shall absolutely not find it." The shift to PRESENT tense φεύγει (death flees) creates vivid immediacy — death personified as continually running away.
Rev 9:7¶
Greek: καὶ τὰ ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀκρίδων ὅμοιοι ἵπποις ἡτοιμασμένοις εἰς πόλεμον...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ὁμοιώματα | ὁμοίωμα | G3667 | N-NPN (likenesses/shapes) |
| ἡτοιμασμένοις | ἑτοιμάζω | G2090 | V-RPP-DPM (Perf Pass Ptcp — having been prepared) |
| στέφανοι | στέφανος | G4735 | N-NPM (crowns/wreaths) |
| χρυσῷ | χρυσός | G5557 | N-DSM (gold) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἡτοιμασμένοις is PERFECT PASSIVE PARTICIPLE — horses "having been (and remaining) prepared" for battle. The comparisons use ὡς (as/like) extensively — everything is simile, not identification.
Rev 9:8¶
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| εἶχαν | ἔχω | G2192 | V-IAI-3P (they had — imperfect) |
| τρίχας | θρίξ | G2359 | N-APF (hair) |
| γυναικῶν | γυνή | G1135 | N-GPF (of women) |
| ὀδόντες | ὀδούς | G3599 | N-NPM (teeth) |
| λεόντων | λέων | G3023 | N-GPM (of lions) |
Rev 9:9¶
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| θώρακας | θώραξ | G2382 | N-APM (breastplates) |
| σιδηροῦς | σιδηροῦς | G4603 | A-APM (of iron) |
| πτερύγων | πτέρυξ | G4420 | N-GPF (wings) |
| ἁρμάτων | ἅρμα | G716 | N-GPN (chariots) |
| τρεχόντων | τρέχω | G5143 | V-PAP-GPM (running — present ptcp) |
Rev 9:10¶
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| οὐρὰς | οὐρά | G3769 | N-APF (tails) |
| κέντρα | κέντρον | G2759 | N-APN (stings) |
| ἀδικῆσαι | ἀδικέω | G91 | V-AAN (Aor Act Inf — to harm) |
Rev 9:11¶
Greek: ἔχουσιν ἐπ' αὐτῶν βασιλέα τὸν ἄγγελον τῆς ἀβύσσου, ὄνομα αὐτῷ Ἑβραϊστί Ἀβαδδών καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἑλληνικῇ ὄνομα ἔχει Ἀπολλύων.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | G935 | N-ASM (king) |
| Ἀβαδδών | Ἀβαδδών | G3 | N-PRI (indeclinable proper noun) |
| Ἀπολλύων | Ἀπολλύων | G623 | N-NSM (present active participle used as name) |
KEY GRAMMAR: Ἀπολλύων is a PRESENT ACTIVE PARTICIPLE of apollymi — "the one who is destroying" (ongoing action). The bilingual naming (Hebrew + Greek) is unique in Revelation.
Rev 9:12¶
Greek: Ἠ Οὐαὶ ἡ μία ἀπῆλθεν· ἰδοὺ ἔρχεται ἔτι δύο Οὐαὶ μετὰ ταῦτα.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Οὐαὶ | οὐαί | G3759 | N-OI (woe — indeclinable) |
| ἀπῆλθεν | ἀπέρχομαι | G565 | V-2AAI-3S (departed) |
| ἔρχεται | ἔρχομαι | G2064 | V-PNI-3S (is coming — present tense) |
Rev 9:13¶
Greek: Καὶ ὁ ἕκτος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν· καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν μίαν ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ χρυσοῦ τοῦ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἕκτος | ἕκτος | G1623 | A-NSM (sixth) |
| φωνὴν | φωνή | G5456 | N-ASF (voice/sound) |
| μίαν | εἷς | G1520 | A-ASF (one) |
| κεράτων | κέρας | G2768 | N-GPN (horns) |
| θυσιαστηρίου | θυσιαστήριον | G2379 | N-GSN (altar) |
| χρυσοῦ | χρυσοῦς | G5552 | A-GSN (golden) |
| ἐνώπιον | ἐνώπιον | G1799 | PREP (before) |
KEY GRAMMAR: φωνὴν μίαν — "ONE voice" — singular, authoritative. The genitive chain τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ χρυσοῦ τοῦ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ specifies: "the altar, the golden [one], the [one] before God."
Rev 9:14¶
Greek: λέγοντα τῷ ἕκτῳ ἀγγέλῳ... Λῦσον τοὺς τέσσαρας ἀγγέλους τοὺς δεδεμένους ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ μεγάλῳ Εὐφράτῃ.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Λῦσον | λύω | G3089 | V-AAM-2S (Aor Act Impv — Release!) |
| δεδεμένους | δέω | G1210 | V-RPP-APM (Perf Pass Ptcp — having been bound) |
| Εὐφράτῃ | Εὐφράτης | G2166 | N-DSM (Euphrates, dative) |
KEY GRAMMAR: Λῦσον is AORIST IMPERATIVE — a sharp, decisive command: "Release!" δεδεμένους is PERFECT PASSIVE — the angels have been and remain bound. The release is commanded by the altar voice.
Rev 9:15¶
Greek: καὶ ἐλύθησαν οἱ τέσσαρες ἄγγελοι οἱ ἡτοιμασμένοι εἰς τὴν ὥραν καὶ ἡμέραν καὶ μῆνα καὶ ἐνιαυτόν, ἵνα ἀποκτείνωσιν τὸ τρίτον τῶν ἀνθρώπων.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἐλύθησαν | λύω | G3089 | V-API-3P (were loosed) |
| ἡτοιμασμένοι | ἑτοιμάζω | G2090 | V-RPP-NPM (Perf Pass Ptcp — having been prepared) |
| ὥραν | ὥρα | G5610 | N-ASF (hour) |
| ἐνιαυτόν | ἐνιαυτός | G1763 | N-ASM (year) |
| ἀποκτείνωσιν | ἀποκτείνω | G615 | V-AAS-3P (might kill — purpose subj) |
| τρίτον | τρίτος | G5154 | A-ASN (third) |
KEY GRAMMAR: ἡτοιμασμένοι (prepared) is PERFECT PASSIVE — they have been prepared beforehand and remain in that state. The time elements (hour + day + month + year) share a SINGLE article (τὴν) with the first term, suggesting they function as a compound unit rather than separate durations.
Rev 9:16¶
Greek: καὶ ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν στρατευμάτων τοῦ ἱππικοῦ δισμυριάδες μυριάδων...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| στρατευμάτων | στράτευμα | G4753 | N-GPN (armies) |
| ἱππικοῦ | ἱππικός | G2461 | A-GSN (cavalry/mounted) |
| δισμυριάδες | δισμυριάς | G3461 | N-NPF (double-myriads) |
| μυριάδων | μυριάς | G3461 | N-GPF (of myriads) |
Rev 9:17¶
Greek: ...ἔχοντας θώρακας πυρίνους καὶ ὑακινθίνους καὶ θειώδεις· καὶ αἱ κεφαλαὶ τῶν ἵππων ὡς κεφαλαὶ λεόντων, καὶ ἐκ τῶν στομάτων αὐτῶν ἐκπορεύεται πῦρ καὶ καπνὸς καὶ θεῖον.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| πυρίνους | πύρινος | G4447 | A-APM (fiery/fire-red) |
| ὑακινθίνους | ὑακίνθινος | G5191 | A-APM (hyacinth-colored/blue-purple) |
| θειώδεις | θειώδης | G2306 | A-APM (sulfurous/brimstone-yellow) |
| ἐκπορεύεται | ἐκπορεύομαι | G1607 | V-PNI-3S (PRESENT — keeps issuing forth) |
| θεῖον | θεῖον | G2303 | N-NSN (brimstone/sulfur) |
KEY GRAMMAR: Three breastplate colors: πυρίνους (fire-red), ὑακινθίνους (blue-purple), θειώδεις (sulfur-yellow). ἐκπορεύεται is PRESENT tense — ongoing emission of fire, smoke, and brimstone.
Rev 9:18¶
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| πληγῶν | πληγή | G4127 | N-GPF (plagues — explicit Exodus connection) |
| ἀπεκτάνθησαν | ἀποκτείνω | G615 | V-API-3P (were killed) |
| τρίτον | τρίτος | G5154 | A-NSN (the third) |
Rev 9:19¶
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ὄφεσιν | ὄφις | G3789 | N-DPM (serpents) |
| ἔχουσαι | ἔχω | G2192 | V-PAP-NPF (having — fem ptcp, modifying tails) |
| ἀδικοῦσιν | ἀδικέω | G91 | V-PAI-3P (they harm — present ongoing) |
Rev 9:20¶
Greek: καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων... οὐδὲ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ προσκυνήσουσιν τὰ δαιμόνια καὶ τὰ εἴδωλα τὰ χρυσᾶ καὶ τὰ ἀργυρᾶ καὶ τὰ χαλκᾶ καὶ τὰ λίθινα καὶ τὰ ξύλινα...
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| λοιποὶ | λοιπός | G3062 | A-NPM (the rest/remaining) |
| ἀπεκτάνθησαν | ἀποκτείνω | G615 | V-API-3P (were killed) |
| μετενόησαν | μετανοέω | G3340 | V-AAI-3P (repented — aorist, they DID NOT) |
| δαιμόνια | δαιμόνιον | G1140 | N-APN (demons) |
| εἴδωλα | εἴδωλον | G1497 | N-APN (idols) |
| χρυσᾶ | χρυσοῦς | G5552 | A-APN (golden) |
| ἀργυρᾶ | ἀργυροῦς | G693 | A-APN (silver) |
| χαλκᾶ | χαλκοῦς | G5470 | A-APN (bronze) |
| λίθινα | λίθινος | G3035 | A-APN (stone) |
| ξύλινα | ξύλινος | G3585 | A-APN (wooden) |
| βλέπειν | βλέπω | G991 | V-PAN (to see — infinitive) |
| ἀκούειν | ἀκούω | G191 | V-PAN (to hear) |
| περιπατεῖν | περιπατέω | G4043 | V-PAN (to walk) |
KEY GRAMMAR: Five idol materials (gold, silver, bronze, stone, wood) + three inabilities (cannot see, hear, walk). The idol polemic tradition from Deu 4:28, Psa 115:4-7, Psa 135:15-17, Dan 5:23.
Rev 9:21¶
Greek: καὶ οὐ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν φόνων αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῶν φαρμακιῶν αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῶν κλεμμάτων αὐτῶν.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| μετενόησαν | μετανοέω | G3340 | V-AAI-3P (repented — negated: did NOT repent) |
| φόνων | φόνος | G5408 | N-GPM (murders) |
| φαρμακιῶν | φαρμακεία | G5331 | N-GPF (sorceries/drugs) |
| πορνείας | πορνεία | G4202 | N-GSF (fornication/sexual immorality) |
| κλεμμάτων | κλέμμα | G2809 | N-GPN (thefts) |
KEY GRAMMAR: Four sins listed with ἐκ + genitive (out of/away from): murders, sorceries, fornication, thefts. The construction οὔτε...οὔτε...οὔτε (neither...nor...nor) emphasizes the comprehensiveness of the impenitence — they repented of NONE of their sins.