Raw Strong's Lookup Data¶

H7676 -- shabbath (Sabbath)¶

Transliteration: shabbath
Pronunciation: shab-bawth
POS: masculine/feminine noun
BLB Count: 108
Definition: intensive from [H7673]; intermission, i.e. (specifically) the Sabbath: (every) sabbath
109 total occurrences, 26 unique translations
Top translations: "the sabbath" (42, 38.5%), "my sabbaths" (14, 12.8%), "on the sabbath" (11, 10.1%), "a sabbath" (7, 6.4%)
NEVER translated as "lunar rest day" or anything related to the moon

H7677 -- shabbathon (sabbatism)¶

Transliteration: shabbathon
Pronunciation: shab-baw-thone
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 11
Definition: from [H7676]; a sabbatism or special holiday: rest, sabbath
11 total occurrences, 3 unique translations: "of rest" (7, 63.6%), "a sabbath" (3, 27.3%), "the rest" (1, 9.1%)
Used in: Exo 16:23; 31:15; 35:2; Lev 16:31; 23:3,24,32,39(2x); 25:4,5

H7673 -- shabath (verb: to cease)¶

Transliteration: shabath
Pronunciation: shaw-bath
POS: verb
BLB Count: 71
Definition: a primitive root; to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used in many implied relations: (cause to, let, make to) cease, celebrate, cause (make) to fail, keep (sabbath), suffer to be lacking, leave, put away (down), (make to) rest, rid, still, take away
110 total occurrences, 68 unique translations
Top: "to cease" (19, 17.3%), "cease" (5, 4.5%), "ceased" (4, 3.6%), "rest" (3, 2.7%)
Used in Gen 2:2,3 for God's rest on the seventh day; NEVER carries a lunar meaning

H2320 -- chodesh (new moon, month)¶

Transliteration: chodesh
Pronunciation: kho-desh
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 276
Definition: from [H2318]; the new moon; by implication, a month: month(-ly), new moon
391 total occurrences, 52 unique translations
Top: "month" (126, 32.2%), "of the month" (53, 13.6%), "months" (29, 7.4%), "the new moon" (4, 1.0%)
Primarily means "month" (calendar unit); "new moon" is the secondary meaning
Key appearances: 1Sa 20:5,18,24,27; 2Ki 4:23; 1Ch 23:31; 2Ch 2:4; 8:13; 31:3; Isa 1:13,14; 66:23; Eze 46:1,6; Hos 2:13; Amo 8:5

H3394 -- yareach (moon)¶

Transliteration: yareach
Pronunciation: yaw-ray-akh
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 26
Definition: the moon
26 total occurrences, 11 unique translations: "and the moon" (8, 30.8%), "the moon" (6, 23.1%), "moon" (3, 11.5%)
Key: Gen 37:9; Psa 104:19; Jos 10:12; Isa 13:10; 60:19
NEVER appears in any Sabbath context; never governs the weekly Sabbath

H3842 -- levanah (moon, "the white one")¶

Transliteration: levanah
Pronunciation: leb-aw-naw
POS: feminine noun
BLB Count: 3
Definition: properly, (the) white, i.e. the moon
Only 3 uses: Song 6:10; Isa 24:23; 30:26
Extremely rare; purely poetic; NEVER connected to Sabbath

H4150 -- moed (appointed time, festival, congregation)¶

Transliteration: moed
Pronunciation: mo-ade
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 223
Definition: properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; conventionally a year; by implication, an assembly; technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting
229 total occurrences, 68 unique translations
Top: "of the congregation" (146, 63.8%) = PLACE (tabernacle of the congregation)
When temporal: "the feasts" (4), "in his appointed season" (3), "season" (2), etc.
NEVER used as a synonym for the weekly sabbath (shabbath, H7676)
Key: Gen 1:14 ("and for seasons"); Lev 23:2,4,37,44; Psa 104:19

H226 -- oth (sign, token)¶

Transliteration: oth
Pronunciation: oth
POS: feminine noun
BLB Count: 79
Definition: a signal (literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence: mark, miracle, (en-)sign, token
85 total occurrences, 32 unique translations: "a sign" (20, 23.5%), "signs" (9, 10.6%)
Key: Gen 1:14 (lights for signs); Exo 31:13,17 (Sabbath as sign); Eze 20:12,20 (my sabbaths as sign)
The Sabbath itself IS a sign (oth) -- but is not governed by the luminaries' signs

H3117 -- yom (day)¶

Transliteration: yom
Pronunciation: yome
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 2,288+ (most frequent OT word)
Definition: from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day; also time, year
2729 total occurrences, 305 unique translations: "day" (674, 24.7%), "days" (312, 11.4%)
Key: Gen 1:14 (lights for days); Gen 2:2-3 (the seventh day)

H905 -- bad (separation, apart, besides)¶

Transliteration: bad
Pronunciation: bad
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 56
Definition: from [H909]; properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with prepositional prefix) as an adverb, apart, only, besides
203 total occurrences, 43 unique translations: "beside" (33, 16.3%), "alone" (32, 15.8%), "only" (30, 14.8%), "apart" (11, 5.4%)
Key: Lev 23:38 -- millibad (min+le+bad) = "apart from, besides, separate from"

H2282 -- chag (festival, pilgrimage feast)¶

Transliteration: chag
Pronunciation: khag
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 62
Definition: a festival, or a victim therefor: (solemn) feast (day), sacrifice, solemnity
69 total occurrences, 28 unique translations: "a feast" (12, 17.4%), "the feast" (12, 17.4%), "feast" (10, 14.5%)
NEVER used for the weekly Sabbath; exclusively for annual pilgrimage feasts
Key: Exo 23:14-17; Lev 23:6,34,39,41; Deu 16:16

H7620 -- shabua (week, period of seven)¶

Transliteration: shabua
Pronunciation: shaw-boo-ah
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 20
Definition: properly, passive participle of [H7650] as a denominative of [H7651]; literally, sevened, i.e. a week (specifically, of years): seven, week
24 total occurrences, 10 unique translations: "weeks" (9, 37.5%), "of weeks" (4, 16.7%), "week" (3, 12.5%)
Related to sheba (seven); confirms the seven-day pattern
Key: Dan 9:24-27 ("weeks"); Exo 34:22; Num 28:26 (feast of weeks)

H3677 -- kece (full moon)¶

Transliteration: kece
Pronunciation: keh-seh
POS: masculine noun
BLB Count: 2
Definition: properly, fulness or the full moon, i.e. its festival: (time) appointed
Only 3 occurrences (2 in Psa 81:3; 1 in Pro 7:20)
Refers to the full moon festival, NOT the weekly Sabbath
Key: Psa 81:3 -- "Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast day"

H7637 -- shvi'i (seventh)¶

Transliteration: shvi'i
Pronunciation: sheb-ee-ee
POS: adjective
BLB Count: 98
Definition: ordinal from [H7651]; seventh
98 total occurrences: "the seventh" (48, 49.0%), "seventh" (40, 40.8%)
Key: Gen 2:2-3 (the seventh day); Exo 20:10 (the seventh day is the sabbath)

G4521 -- sabbaton (Sabbath, week)¶

Transliteration: sabbaton
Pronunciation: sab-bat-on
POS: neuter noun
BLB Count: 68
Definition: of Hebrew origin [H7676]; the Sabbath (i.e. Shabbath), or day of weekly [repose]
55 total occurrences, 11 unique translations: "sabbath" (19, 34.5%), "sabbath day" (13, 23.6%), "sabbath days" (7, 12.7%), "of the week" (4, 7.3%), "week" (3, 5.5%)
Fixed weekly term used consistently in all four Gospels and Acts
Key: Mat 28:1; Mrk 15:42; 16:1,2; Luk 23:56; 24:1; Jhn 19:31; 20:1; Act 13:14,27,42,44; 16:13; 17:2; 18:4; Col 2:16

G3904 -- paraskeue (Preparation = Friday)¶

Transliteration: paraskeue
Pronunciation: par-ask-yoo-ay
POS: feminine noun
BLB Count: 6
Definition: readiness; preparation
3 occurrences in Strong's data: "the preparation" (2, 66.7%), "day of the preparation" (1, 33.3%)
Used in: Mat 27:62; Mrk 15:42; Luk 23:54; Jhn 19:14,31
A FIXED name for Friday -- modern Greek still calls Friday "Paraskeue"
Proves fixed weekly cycle; impossible with floating lunar sabbath

G4315 -- prosabbaton (before-Sabbath)¶

Transliteration: prosabbaton
Pronunciation: pros-ab-bat-on
POS: neuter noun
BLB Count: 1
Definition: a fore-sabbath, i.e. the Sabbath-eve: day before [the sabbath]
HAPAX LEGOMENON -- only in Mrk 15:42
Compound: pro + sabbaton = "before-Sabbath"
Proves the day before the Sabbath was predictable and had a name

G1486 -- etho (custom, habit)¶

Transliteration: etho
Pronunciation: eth-o
POS: verb
BLB Count: 4
Definition: a primary verb; to be used (by habit or conventionality)
4 total occurrences: "was wont" (1), "he was wont" (1), "custom" (1), "his manner was" (1)
Used in: Mat 27:15; Mrk 10:1; Luk 4:16; Act 17:2
Key: Act 17:2 -- "Paul, as his manner was (kata to eiothos)" -- Perfect Active Participle = settled, habitual practice
Key: Luk 4:16 -- "as his custom was" (kata to eiothos auto) -- Jesus's settled Sabbath custom
A settled custom REQUIRES regular, predictable recurrence -- incompatible with floating lunar sabbath

G3561 -- noumenia (new moon)¶

Transliteration: noumenia
Pronunciation: noo-may-nee-ah
POS: feminine noun
BLB Count: 1
Definition: [compound of neos + mene] new moon
Only 1 NT use: Col 2:16
Distinguished from sabbaton in the SAME VERSE (Col 2:16)
If sabbath were determined by the moon, listing noumenia and sabbaton separately would be redundant