Raw Greek Parsing Data¶

Matthew 19:17 -- entole for Decalogue¶

Greek: ho de eipen auto Ti me erotas peri tou agathou; heis estin ho agathos; ei de theleis eis ten zoen eiselthein, terei tas entolas.

Key words:
- terei (tereo G5083) -- Pres Act Impv 2S = "keep!" (present imperative = ongoing command)
- tas entolas (entole G1785) -- Acc Pl F = "the commandments" (articular plural)
  - Article tas = specific, definite commandments
  - Jesus then specifies: Decalogue commands in vv.18-19

Hebrews 7:16 -- entole for ceremonial/Levitical¶

Greek: hos ou kata nomon entoles sarkines gegonen alla kata dynamin zoes akatalytou.

Key words:
- nomon (nomos G3551) -- Acc Sg M = "law" (anarthrous)
- entoles (entole G1785) -- Gen Sg F = "of a commandment" (anarthrous, GENITIVE)
- sarkines (sarkinos G4560) -- Gen Sg F = "carnal/fleshly" (QUALIFIER modifying entole)
- gegonen (ginomai G1096) -- Perf Act Ind 3S = "has become" (permanent state)
- akatalytou (akatalytos G179) -- Gen Sg F = "indestructible" (contrast with sarkinos)

NOTE: entole here is qualified by sarkines (carnal) and refers to Levitical priesthood succession law.
The contrast is kata nomon entoles sarkines vs. kata dynamin zoes akatalytou.

Romans 8:4 -- dikaioma for moral law requirement¶

Greek: hina to dikaioma tou nomou plerothe en hemin tois me kata sarka peripatousin alla kata pneuma.

Key words:
- to dikaioma (dikaioma G1345) -- Nom Sg N = "THE righteous requirement" (SINGULAR with article)
- tou nomou (nomos G3551) -- Gen Sg M = "of THE law" (articular genitive)
- plerothe (pleroo G4137) -- Aor Pass Subj 3S = "might be fulfilled" (passive = God fulfills it)
- peripatousin (peripateo G4043) -- Pres Act Ptcp Dat Pl M = "walking" (present = ongoing lifestyle)

NOTE: Singular dikaioma with article = one unified moral standard. Contrasts with plural dikaiomata in Heb 9:1,10.

Hebrews 9:1 -- dikaioma for ceremonial ordinances¶

Greek: Eiche men oun kai he prote dikaiomata latreias to te hagion kosmikon.

Key words:
- dikaiomata (dikaioma G1345) -- Acc Pl N = "ordinances" (PLURAL, anarthrous)
- latreias (latreia G2999) -- Gen Sg F = "of worship/divine service"
- kosmikon (kosmikos G2886) -- Acc Sg N = "earthly/worldly"

NOTE: Plural dikaiomata = multiple ceremonial regulations. Combined with latreia (worship service) and kosmikon (earthly). Contrasts with singular dikaioma in Rom 8:4.

Hebrews 9:10 -- dikaiomata sarkos (carnal ordinances)¶

Greek: monon epi bromasin kai pomasin kai diaphorois baptismois, dikaiomata sarkos mechri kairou diorthoseos epikeimena.

Key words:
- dikaiomata (dikaioma G1345) -- Nom Pl N = "ordinances" (PLURAL)
- sarkos (sarx G4561) -- Gen Sg F = "of flesh/carnal"
- mechri kairou diorthoseos = "until the time of reformation"
- epikeimena (epikeimai G1945) -- Pres M/P Ptcp Nom Pl N = "imposed/placed upon"

NOTE: dikaiomata sarkos = "carnal ordinances" -- explicitly PLURAL, explicitly qualified as "carnal" and TEMPORAL ("until the time of reformation").

Ephesians 2:15 -- dogma in abolition passage¶

Greek: ton nomon ton entolon en dogmasin katargesas, hina tous duo ktise en hauto eis hena kainon anthropon poion eirenen

Key words:
- ton nomon (nomos G3551) -- Acc Sg M = "THE law" (articular)
- ton entolon (entole G1785) -- Gen Pl F = "of THE commandments" (articular genitive)
- en dogmasin (dogma G1378) -- Dat Pl N = "in ordinances/decrees" (DATIVE PLURAL)
- katargesas (katargeo G2673) -- Aor Act Ptcp Nom Sg M = "having abolished"

CRITICAL GRAMMAR: The construction is a NARROWING chain:
  ton nomon (the law) -> ton entolon (of the commandments) -> en dogmasin (in ordinances)
  Each phrase narrows the previous. NOT "the law of the commandments AND the ordinances"
  but "the law consisting-of commandments expressed-in ordinances"
  The en dogmasin acts as a LOCATIVE or INSTRUMENTAL qualifier specifying which aspect of the law is abolished.

Colossians 2:14 -- cheirographon + dogma¶

Greek: exaleipsas to kath' hemon cheirographon tois dogmasin ho en hupenantion hemin, kai auto erken ek tou mesou, proselosas auto to stauro.

Key words:
- exaleipsas (exaleipho G1813) -- Aor Act Ptcp Nom Sg M = "having blotted out"
- to cheirographon (cheirographon G5498) -- Acc Sg N = "THE handwriting" (articular)
- tois dogmasin (dogma G1378) -- Dat Pl N = "in/by the ordinances" (articular dative)
  - Dative can be: instrumental ("by means of ordinances"), locative ("in the sphere of ordinances"), or content/appositional ("consisting of ordinances")
- hupenantion (hupenantios G5227) -- Nom Sg N = "contrary/adverse"
- proselosas (proseloo G4338) -- Aor Act Ptcp Nom Sg M = "having nailed"
- to stauro (stauros G4716) -- Dat Sg M = "to the cross"

NOTE: cheirographon = compound of cheir (hand G5495) + grapho (write G1125). Hapax legomenon. Literally "hand-written document." Contrasts with Decalogue "written with the finger of God" (Exo 31:18).

Romans 3:31 -- nomos article pattern¶

Greek: nomon oun katargoumen dia tes pisteos; me genoito, alla nomon histanomen.

Key words:
- nomon (nomos G3551) -- Acc Sg M (ANARTHROUS both times)
- katargoumen (katargeo G2673) -- Pres Act Ind 1P = "do we make void"
- histanomen (histemi G2476) -- Pres Act Ind 1P = "we establish/uphold"
- me genoito (me + ginomai G1096 Aor Mid Opt 3S) = "May it never be!" (strongest Greek denial)

NOTE: Despite KJV "the law," Greek has anarthrous nomon both times. The context (Rom 3:27-31) distinguishes "law of works" from "law of faith" -- both anarthrous. The question is whether faith nullifies the concept of law itself.

Romans 7:7 -- nomos identified as Decalogue¶

Greek: Ti oun eroumen; ho nomos hamartia; me genoito; alla ten hamartian ouk egnon ei me dia nomou; ten te gar epithymian ouk edein ei me ho nomos elegen Ouk epithymeseis;

Key words:
- ho nomos (articular) -- "THE law" (first occurrence, subject)
- dia nomou (anarthrous genitive) -- "through law" (instrumental)
- ho nomos (articular again) -- "THE law said"
- Ouk epithymeseis -- "Thou shalt not covet" = 10th commandment (Exo 20:17)

NOTE: Paul identifies "the law" (articular ho nomos) with the Decalogue by quoting the 10th commandment directly. The shift from articular to anarthrous and back is notable.

Romans 7:12 -- nomos/entole distinction¶

Greek: hoste ho men nomos hagios, kai he entole hagia kai dikaia kai agathe.

Key words:
- ho nomos (articular) = "THE law" (broader category)
- he entole (articular) = "THE commandment" (specific, singular = the 10th commandment from v.7)
- Both articular = definite, specific referents
- nomos = the whole law system; entole = the particular commandment (Thou shalt not covet)
- Three qualities of entole: hagia (holy), dikaia (just), agathe (good)

Romans 13:9 -- entole for Decalogue commands¶

Greek: to gar Ou moicheuseis, Ou phoneuseis, Ou klepseis, Ouk epithymeseis, kai ei tis hetera entole, en to logo touto anakephalaioutai, en to Agapeseis ton plesion sou hos seauton.

Key words:
- entole (G1785) -- Nom Sg F = "commandment" (anarthrous but individual)
- anakephalaioutai (anakephalaioō G346) -- Pres Pass Ind 3S = "is summed up"
- Four Decalogue commands quoted + "any other entole" = all moral commands summarized in love

NOTE: Paul lists four specific Decalogue commands and calls each one an entole, then summarizes them under "love your neighbor."

Colossians 2:20 -- dogmatizo (verbal form)¶

Greek: Ei apethanete syn Christo apo ton stoicheion tou kosmou, ti hos zontes en kosmo dogmatizesthe

Key words:
- dogmatizesthe (dogmatizo G1379) -- Pres Pass Ind 2P = "are you being subjected to ordinances"
- stoicheion (G4747) -- Gen Pl N = "rudiments/elements" of the world
- Passive voice = being subjected by external authority to ceremonial rules

Luke 1:6 -- entole AND dikaioma side by side¶

Greek: esan de dikaioi amphoteroi enantion tou Theou, poreuomenoi en pasais tais entolais kai dikaiōmasin tou Kyriou amemptoi.

Key words:
- tais entolais (entole G1785) -- Dat Pl F = "the commandments" (articular)
- dikaiōmasin (dikaioma G1345) -- Dat Pl N = "ordinances" (anarthrous but coordinated with articular entolais under pasais)
- tou Kyriou = "of the Lord" (both terms governed by this genitive)

NOTE: Luke distinguishes entolai (commandments) from dikaiomata (ordinances) as two distinct categories of obedience to God. Both are "of the Lord," but they are listed separately.

1 Corinthians 7:19 -- entole distinguished from circumcision¶

Greek: he peritome ouden estin, kai he akrobystia ouden estin, alla teresis entolon Theou.

Key words:
- peritome (G4061) = circumcision (ceremonial rite)
- ouden estin = "is nothing" (both circumcision and uncircumcision)
- teresis (G5084) = "keeping/observance" (Nom Sg F)
- entolon (entole G1785) -- Gen Pl F = "of commandments" (anarthrous)
- Theou = "of God"

NOTE: Paul explicitly contrasts circumcision (ceremonial) with "keeping the commandments of God" (entole). Circumcision is "nothing" but entole-keeping matters. This distinguishes entole from ceremonial law.