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What do Hebrews 8-10 teach about priesthood, covenant, and law? What specifically is the "shadow"? What are the "carnal ordinances"? What is "taken away" vs what is "established"?

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PRIEST

Full Nave's Entry:

  • BEFORE MOSES
  • Melchizedek GEN 14:18; HEB 5:6,10,11; 6:20; 7:1-21
  • Jethro EXO 2:16
  • Priests in Israel before the giving of the law EXO 19:22,24
  • Called "angel," ECC 5:6
  • THE TIME OF MOSES EXO 28:1-4; 29:9,44; NUM 3:10; 18:7; 1CH 23:13
  • Hereditary, descent of office EXO 27:21; 28:43; 29:9
  • Consecration of EXO 29:1-9,19-35; 40:12-16; LEV 6:20-23; 8:6-35; HEB 7:21
  • Is holy LEV 21:6,7; 22:9,16
  • Ablutions of EXO 40:30-32; LEV 16:24
  • Must be without blemish LEV 21:17-23
  • Vestments of EXO 28:2-43; 39:1-29; LEV 6:10,11; 8:13; EZK 44:17-19
  • Don vestments in the temple area EZK 42:14; 44:19
  • Atonement for LEV 16:6,24; EZK 44:27
  • Defilement and purification of EZK 44:25,26
  • Marriage of LEV 21:7-15; EZK 44:22
  • Chambers for, in the temple area EZK 40:45,46
  • Exempt from tax EZR 7:24
  • Armed and organized for war at the time of the disaffection toward Saul 1CH 12:27,28
  • Beard and hair of EZK 44:20
  • Twenty-four divisions (shifts) of 1CH 24:1-19; 28:13,21; 2CH 8:14; 31:2; 35:4,5; EZR 2:36-39; NEH 13:30
  • Chosen by lot LUK 1:8,9,23
  • Usurpations of office of NUM 3:10; 16; 18:7; 2CH 26:18
  • Priests who were not from the sons of Levi were appointed by Jeroboam 1KI 12:31; 13:33
  • DUTIES OF
  • To offer sacrifices LEV 1:4-17; 2:2,16; 3:5,11,13,16; 4:5-12,17,25,26,30-35; 1CH 16:40; 2CH 13:11; 29:34; 35:11-14; EZR 6:20; HEB 10:11
  • To offer the firstfruits LEV 23:10,11; DEU 26:3,4
  • Pronounce benedictions NUM 6:22-27; DEU 21:5; 2CH 30:27
  • Teach the law LEV 10:11; DEU 24:8; 27:14; 31:9-13; 33:10; JER 2:8; MAL 2:7
  • Light the lamps in the tabernacle EXO 27:20,21; 2CH 13:11; LEV 24:3,4
  • Keep the sacred fire always burning LEV 6:12,13
  • Responsible for the sanctuary NUM 4:5-15; 18:1,5,7
  • Officiate in the Holy Place HEB 9:6
  • Chiefs of Levites NUM 3:9,32; 4:19,28,33; 1CH 9:20
  • To act as magistrates NUM 5:14-31; DEU 17:8-13; 19:17; 21:5; 2CH 19:8; EZK 44:23,24
  • To encourage the army on the eve of battle DEU 20:2-4
  • Carry the ark of the covenant: Through the Jordan River JOS 3; 4:15-18; In battle 1SA 4:3-5
  • BENEFITS OF
  • No part of the land of Canaan allowed to NUM 18:20; DEU 10:9; 14:27; 18:1,2; JOS 13:14,33; 14:3; 18:7; EZK 44:28
  • Provided with cities and suburbs LEV 25:32-34; NUM 35:2-8; JOS 21:1-4,13-19,41,42; 1CH 6:57-60; NEH 11:11,20; EZK 45:1-6; 48:8-20
  • Tithes of the tithes NUM 18:8-18,26-32; NEH 10:38
  • Part of the plunder of war NUM 31:25-29
  • Firstfruits LEV 23:20; 24:9; NUM 18:12,13,17,18; DEU 18:3-5; NEH 10:36
  • The shewbread EXO 25:30; LEV 24:5-9; 2CH 2:4; 13:11; NEH 10:33; MAT 12:4; HEB 9:2
  • Portions of sacrifices and offerings EXO 29:27-34; LEV 2:2,3,9,10; 5:12,13,16; 6:15-18,26; 7:6-10,31-34; NUM 6:19,20; 18:8-19; DEU 18:3-5; 1CO 9:13
  • FIGURATIVE EXO 19:6; ISA 61:6; 1PE 2:9; REV 1:6; 5:10; 20:6
  • HIGH PRIEST
  • The title appears after the institution of the office LEV 21:10-15; NUM 3:32
  • Vestments of EXO 28:2-43; 39:1-31; LEV 8:7-9
  • Respect due to ACT 23:5
  • DUTIES OF
    • Had charge of the sanctuary and altar NUM 18:2,5,7
    • To offer sacrifices HEB 5:1; 8:3
    • To designate subordinate priests for duty NUM 4:19; 1SA 2:36
    • To have charge of the treasury 2KI 12:10; 22:4; 2CH 24:6-14; 34:9
    • To light the lamps of the tabernacle EXO 27:20,21; 30:8; LEV 24:3,4; NUM 8:3
    • To burn incense EXO 30:7,8; 1SA 2:28; 1CH 23:13
    • To place shewbread on the table every Sabbath LEV 24:8
    • To offer for his own sins of ignorance LEV 4:3-12
    • On the Day of Atonement EXO 30:10; LEV 16; HEB 5:3; 9:7,22,23
    • Judicial NUM 5:15; DEU 17:8-13; 1SA 4:18; HOS 4:4; MAT 26:3,50,57,62; ACT 5:21-28; 23:1-5
    • To count the people NUM 1:3
    • Officiate at the choice of a ruler NUM 27:18,19,21
    • Distribute the plunder of war NUM 31:26-29
  • A second priest, under the high priest NUM 3:32; 4:16; 31:6; 1CH 9:20; 2SA 15:24; 2KI 25:18; LUK 3:2

COVENANT

Full Nave's Entry:

  • Sacred JOS 9:18-21; GAL 3:15
  • Binding JOS 9:18-20; JER 34:8-21; EZK 17:14-18; GAL 3:15
  • Binding, not only on those who make them, but on those who are represented DEU 29:14,15
  • Blood of EXO 24:8
  • Book of EXO 24:7
  • The Mosaic law called a covenant EXO 34:28
  • OF MEN WITH MEN
  • Breach of, punished 2SA 21:1-6; JER 34:8-22; EZK 17:13-19
  • Ratified: By giving the hand EZR 10:19; LAM 5:6; EZK 17:18; Loosing the shoe RUT 4:7-11; Written and sealed NEH 9:38; JER 32:10-12; By giving presents GEN 21:27-30; 1SA 18:3,4; By making a feast GEN 26:30; By a monument GEN 31:45,46,49-53; By salting LEV 2:13; NUM 18:19; 2CH 13:5; By offering a sacrifice GEN 15:9-17; JER 34:18,19; By oath
  • INSTANCES OF
  • Abraham and Abimelech GEN 21:22-32
  • Abimelech and Isaac GEN 26:26-31
  • Jacob and Laban GEN 31:44-54
  • Jonathan and David 1SA 18:3,4; 20:16,42; 2SA 21:7
  • Jews with each other, to serve God 2CH 15:12-15; NEH 10:28-32
  • King Zedekiah and his subjects JER 34:8
  • Ahab with Benhadad 1KI 20:34
  • Subjects with sovereign 2CH 23:1-3,16
  • OF GOD WITH MEN
  • Confirmed with an oath GEN 22:16; 26:3; 50:24; PSA 89:35; 105:9; LUK 1:73; HEB 6:13,17,18
  • Binding LEV 26; JER 11:2,3; GAL 3:15
  • Everlasting GEN 8:20-22; 9:1-17; PSA 105:8,10; ISA 54:10; 61:8
  • God faithful to LEV 26:44,45; DEU 4:31; 7:8,9; JDG 2:1; 1KI 8:23; PSA 105:8-11; 106:45; 111:5; MIC 7:20
  • Repudiated by God on account of Jews' idolatry JER 44:26,27; HEB 8:9
  • Broken by the Jews JER 22:9; EZK 16:59; HEB 8:9
  • Punishments for breaking of LEV 26:25-46
  • INSTANCES OF
  • Of the sabbath EXO 31:16
  • Of the Ten Commandments EXO 34:28; DEU 5:2,3; 9:9
  • With Adam GEN 2:16,17
  • Noah GEN 8:16; 9:8-17
  • Abraham GEN 12:1-3; 15; 17:1-22; EXO 6:4-8; PSA 105:8-11; ROM 9:7-13; GAL 3
  • With Isaac GEN 17:19
  • Jacob GEN 28:13-15
  • With the Israelites to deliver them from Egypt EXO 6:4-8
  • With Phinehas NUM 25:12,13
  • With Israel, at Horeb DEU 5:2,3
  • In Moab DEU 29:1-15
  • Of the Levites NEH 13:29; MAL 2:4,5
  • With David 2SA 7:12-16; 1CH 17:11-14; 2CH 6:16
  • With David and his house 2SA 23:5; PSA 89:20-37; JER 33:21
  • With his people ISA 55:3; 59:21
  • To be confirmed DAN 9:27
  • THE SECOND COVENANT JER 31:31-34; HEB 8:4-13; 12:18-24; 13:20
  • OF MAN WITH GOD
  • Jacob GEN 28:20-22
  • Joshua JOS 24:25
  • Absalom 2SA 15:7,8
  • Jehoiada and Joash 2KI 11:17
  • Josiah 2KI 23:3
  • Asa 2CH 15:12-15
  • Nehemiah NEH 9:38; 10
  • Israelites JER 50:5

TESTAMENT

Full Nave's Entry:

  • A will HEB 9:16-18
  • The new MAT 26:28; MRK 14:24; LUK 22:20; 1CO 11:25
  • See COVENANT

ORDINANCE

Full Nave's Entry:

  • A decree EXO 12:14,24,43; 13:10; 15:25; NUM 9:14; 10:8; 15:15; 18:8; ISA 24:5; MAL 4:4; ROM 13:2; 1PE 2:13
  • INSUFFICIENCY OF, FOR SALVATION ISA 1:10-17; GAL 5:6; 6:15; EPH 2:15; COL 2:14,20-23; HEB 9:1,8-10
  • See FORM
  • See FORMALISM

TABERNACLE

Full Nave's Entry:

  • One existed before Moses received the pattern authorized on Mount Sinai EXO 33:7-11
  • The one instituted by Moses was called:
  • SANCTUARY EXO 25:8
  • TABERNACLE / TENT OF MEETING EXO 27:21
  • TABERNACLE / TENT EXO 33:7; 2CH 5:5
  • OF TESTIMONY EXO 38:21; NUM 1:50
  • TENT OF TESTIMONY NUM 17:7,8; 2CH 24:6
  • TEMPLE OF THE LORD 1SA 1:9; 3:3
  • HOUSE OF THE LORD JOS 6:24
  • Pattern of, revealed to Moses EXO 25:9; 26:30; 39:32,42,43; ACT 7:44; HEB 8:5
  • Materials for, voluntarily offered EXO 25:1-8; 35:4-29; 36:3-7
  • Value of the substance contributed for EXO 38:24-31
  • Workmen who constructed it were inspired EXO 31:1-11; 35:30-35
  • Description of:
  • The frame EXO 26:15-37; 36:20-38
  • The outer covering EXO 25:5; 26:7-14; 36:14-19
  • The second covering EXO 25:5; 26:14; 35:7,23; 36:19; 39:34
  • The curtains of EXO 26:1-14,31-37; 27:9-16; 35:15,17; 36:8-19,35,37
  • The courtyard of EXO 27:9-17; 38:9-16,18; 40:8,33
  • The Holy Place of EXO 26:31-37; 40:22-26; HEB 9:2-6,8
  • The Most Holy Place EXO 26:33-35; 40:20,21; HEB 9:3-5,7,8
  • The furniture of EXO 25:10-40; 27:1-8,19; 37; 38:1-8
  • Completed EXO 39:32
  • Dedicated NUM 7
  • Sanctified EXO 29:43; 40:9-16; NUM 7:1
  • Anointed with holy oil EXO 30:25,26; LEV 8:10; NUM 7:1
  • Sprinkled with blood LEV 16:15-20; HEB 9:21,23
  • Filled with the cloud of glory EXO 40:34-38
  • How prepared for removal during the travels of the Israelites NUM 1:51; 4:5-15
  • Strangers (foreigners) forbidden to enter NUM 1:51
  • Defilement of, punished LEV 15:31; NUM 19:13,20; EZK 5:11; 23:38
  • Israelites worship at NUM 10:3; 16:19,42,43; 20:6; 25:6; 1SA 2:22; PSA 27:4
  • Offerings brought to LEV 17:4; NUM 31:54; DEU 12:5,6,11-14
  • All males required to appear before, three times each year EXO 23:17
  • Carried in front of the people of Israel in the line of march NUM 10:33-36; JOS 3:3-6
  • The Lord reveals himself at LEV 1:1; NUM 1:1; 7:89; 12:4-10; DEU 31:14,15
  • Pitched: At Gilgal JOS 4:18,19; At Shiloh JOS 18:1; At Nob 1SA 21:1-6; At Gibeon 1CH 21:29
  • Renewed by David, and pitched upon Mount Zion 1CH 15:1; 16:1,2; 2CH 1:4
  • Solomon offers sacrifice at 2CH 1:3-6
  • Brought to the temple by Solomon 2CH 5:5
  • Symbol of spiritual things PSA 15:1; HEB 8:2,5; 9:1-12,24

SANCTUARY

Full Nave's Entry:

  • (The Holy of Holies)
  • In the tabernacle HEB 9:2
  • Divine dwelling place EXO 25:8
  • Reverence for LEV 19:30; 26:2
  • In the charge of high priest EXO 27:21; LEV 24:3; NUM 18:5
  • The Holy Place in the temple LAM 2:7,20; EZK 42:20
  • FIGURATIVE EZK 11:16
  • Symbolical HEB 8:2,5

COMMANDMENTS

Full Nave's Entry:

  • General scriptures concerning EXO 13:8-10; 20:3-17; DEU 4:5,9,10; 5:6-21; 6:4-9; 11:18-21; 32:46,47; JOS 8:30-35; 2CH 17:7-9; NEH 8:2-8; PSA 78:1-7; PRO 3:3,4; 6:20,21; 7:1-4; ISA 57:8; JER 11:4; ZEC 7:9,10; 8:16,17
  • PRECEPTS OF JESUS MAT 5:16,22-24,27-48; 6:1-4,6-8,16-25,31-34; 7:1-29; 10:5-42; 16:24; 18:8-10,15-17,21,22; 19:16-19; 20:25-28; 22:21,34-40; 24:42-51; 25:34-46; MRK 6:7-11; 8:34; 9:35,38,39,42-50; 10:9,11,12,17-22; 11:22; 12:17; 13:33-37; LUK 6:27-42; 10:28-37; 12:12-31; JHN 7:24; 13:34,35; 14:11,15,23,24; 15:2,4,5,7-12,14,17,20-22
  • PRECEPTS OF PAUL ROM 12:1-3,6-21; 13:8-14; 14:19-21; 15:1,2; 1CO 8:1,7-13; 10:7-10,24,28,29,31,32; 14:20; 16:13,14; 2CO 13:7; GAL 5:1,16; 6:1,2; EPH 4:1-3,26-32; 5:1-6,11,15,17-21; 6:10,11,13-18; PHP 1:27,28; 2:2-8,12-16; 4:6,8,9; COL 2:6,16,20-23; 3:1,2,5,8,9,12-17,23; 1TH 3:12; 4:1,3,5,6,9-12; 5:6,8,12-22; 2TH 2:15; 3:6-15; 1TI 1:4; 2:1,2,8-12; 3:2-13; 4:1-7,12-16; 5:1-14,16-21; 6:11-14,17-20; 2TI 1:13,14; 2:19,22-25; 3:2-5; TIT 1:5-14; 2:2-5,9-12; 3:1,2,8; HEB 6:1,11,12; 10:22-25; 13:1-3,5,7,9,15-17
  • OF MEN ISA 29:13; MAT 15:3-20; MRK 7:2-23; ROM 14:1-6,10-23; 1TI 4:1-3

The Nave's ORDINANCE entry directly cross-references Heb 9:1,8-10 under "INSUFFICIENCY OF, FOR SALVATION." This is significant: Nave's own classification places the Hebrews 9 ordinances in the category of ordinances insufficient for salvation, alongside Eph 2:15 and Col 2:14,20-23 -- all ceremonial/ritual law passages.

The COVENANT entry lists "Of the Ten Commandments EXO 34:28; DEU 5:2,3; 9:9" as a distinct covenant instance, and separately lists "THE SECOND COVENANT JER 31:31-34; HEB 8:4-13; 12:18-24; 13:20."