Hebrew Parsing Raw Data¶
Jeremiah 31:31¶
Hebrew: hinneh yamim ba'im ne'um-YHWH wekarati et-bet yisra'el we'et-bet yehudah berit hadashah
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| hinneh | hinneh | Interjection | behold |
| yamim | yom | Noun.mp.Abs | days |
| ba'im | bo' | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.mp.Abs | coming |
| ne'um | ne'um | Noun.ms.Cst | speech/utterance of |
| YHWH | YHWH | PropN.ms.Abs | LORD |
| we | waw | Conj | and |
| karati | karath | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | I will cut |
| 'et | 'et | Prep | with |
| bet | bayit | Noun.ms.Cst | house of |
| yisra'el | yisra'el | PropN.s.Abs | Israel |
| we'et | waw + 'et | Conj + Prep | and with |
| bet | bayit | Noun.ms.Cst | house of |
| yehudah | yehudah | PropN.s.Abs | Judah |
| berit | berit | Noun.fs.Abs | covenant |
| hadashah | hadash | Adj.fs.Abs | new |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - karati (karath, Qal Perfect 1s) = "I will cut" -- prophetic perfect (future certainty expressed as completed) - berit hadashah = "a new covenant" (feminine noun + feminine adjective) - The covenant is with BOTH houses: Israel AND Judah -- comprehensive - karath berith = idiomatic "to cut a covenant" -- the standard Hebrew expression for making covenants
Jeremiah 31:32¶
Hebrew: lo' kabberit 'asher karati 'et-'abotam beyom heheziki beyadam lehotsi'am me'erets mitsrayim 'asher-hemmah heferu 'et-beriti we'anoki ba'alti bam ne'um-YHWH
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| lo' | lo' | Neg | not |
| ka | ke | Prep | according to / like |
| ha | ha | Art | the |
| berit | berit | Noun.fs.Abs | covenant |
| 'asher | 'asher | Conj | which |
| karati | karath | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | I cut |
| 'et | 'et | Prep | with |
| 'abotam | 'ab | Noun.mp.Abs.+3mp | their fathers |
| beyom | be + yom | Prep + Noun.ms.Cst | in the day of |
| heheziki | hazaq | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon.+1s | my taking hold / my seizing |
| beyadam | be + yad | Prep + Noun.s.Abs.+3mp | by their hand |
| lehotsi'am | yatsa' | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon.+3mp | to bring them out |
| me'erets | min + 'erets | Prep + Noun.s.Cst | from the land of |
| mitsrayim | mitsrayim | PropN.s.Abs | Egypt |
| 'asher | 'asher | Conj | which/because |
| hemmah | hem | PersPron.3mp | THEY (emphatic) |
| heferu | parar | Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3p | broke/violated |
| 'et | 'et | Prep | [object marker] |
| beriti | berit | Noun.fs.Abs.+1s | MY covenant |
| we'anoki | waw + 'anoki | Conj + PersPron.1s | and I |
| ba'alti | ba'al | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | was husband/lord to |
| bam | be + 3mp | Prep.+3mp | them |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - lo' kabberit = "NOT according to the covenant" -- the newness is in the ARRANGEMENT (berit), not in the content (torah) - hemmah heferu = "THEY broke" -- emphatic pronoun hemmah (THEY themselves) places blame squarely on the people, not on the covenant or the law - heferu (parar, Hiphil Perfect 3p) = "they broke/violated" -- the Hiphil causative stem intensifies the action - beriti = "MY covenant" -- possessive suffix 1st singular -- God's own covenant - ba'alti = "I was husband/lord to" -- covenant relationship likened to marriage - The fault is with the PEOPLE who broke the covenant, not with the covenant itself or its law content
Jeremiah 31:33¶
Hebrew: ki zo't habberit 'asher 'ekrot 'et-bet yisra'el 'aharey hayyamim hahem ne'um-YHWH natati 'et-torati beqirbam we'al-libbam 'ektebenah wehayiti lahem le'lohim wehemmah yihyu-li le'am
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| ki | ki | Conj | for/because |
| zo't | zo't | DemPron.fs | this |
| ha | ha | Art | the |
| berit | berit | Noun.fs.Abs | covenant |
| 'asher | 'asher | Conj | which |
| 'ekrot | karath | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will cut |
| 'et | 'et | Prep | with |
| bet yisra'el | bayit + yisra'el | Noun.ms.Cst + PropN | house of Israel |
| 'aharey | 'ahar | Noun.mp.Cst | after |
| ha + hayyamim | ha + yom | Art + Noun.mp.Abs | those days |
| ne'um-YHWH | ne'um + YHWH | Noun.ms.Cst + PropN | utterance of the LORD |
| natati | natan | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | I will give/put |
| 'et | 'et | Prep | [object marker] |
| torati | torah | Noun.fs.Abs.+1s | MY instruction/law |
| be | be | Prep | in |
| qirbam | qereb | Noun.ms.Abs.+3mp | their inward parts/midst |
| we'al | waw + 'al | Conj + Prep | and upon |
| libbam | leb | Noun.ms.Abs.+3mp | their heart |
| 'ektebenah | katab | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s.+3fs | I will write it |
| wehayiti | hayah | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | and I will be |
| lahem | le + 3mp | Prep.+3mp | to them |
| le'lohim | le + 'elohim | Prep + Noun.mp.Abs | for a God |
| wehemmah | waw + hem | Conj + PersPron.3mp | and they |
| yihyu | hayah | Verb.Qal.Impf.3mp | will be |
| li | le + 1s | Prep.+1s | to me |
| le'am | le + 'am | Prep + Noun.ms.Abs | for a people |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - torati = "MY instruction/law" (torah + 1st person singular suffix) -- God identifies the law as HIS OWN - torah (H8451) is the word used -- this is the SAME word used for the entire Mosaic law AND for the Decalogue - natati (natan, Qal Perfect 1s) = "I will give/put" -- God is the active agent placing the law - beqirbam = "in their inward parts" -- the law goes INSIDE, not just on external stone - 'ektebenah (katab, Qal Imperfect 1s + 3fs suffix) = "I will write IT" -- 3rd feminine singular suffix refers back to torah (feminine) - The verb katab ("write") is the SAME verb used for God writing the Decalogue on stone (Exo 31:18; 34:1) - libbam (leb, "heart") = the same organ/faculty that previously had "heart of stone" (Eze 36:26) - The text does NOT say "I will give a NEW law" -- it says "I will put MY [existing] law in their inward parts"
Jeremiah 31:34¶
Hebrew: welo' yelammedu 'od 'ish 'et-re'ehu we'ish 'et-'ahiw le'mor de'u 'et-YHWH ki-kullam yede'u 'oti lemiqtannam we'ad-gedolam ne'um-YHWH ki 'eslah la'awonam ulehatta'tam lo' 'ezkar-'od
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| welo' yelammedu | lamad | Verb.Piel.Impf.3mp | and they will not teach |
| 'od | 'od | Noun.ms.Abs | any more |
| 'ish 'et-re'ehu | 'ish + rea' | Noun + Noun.+3ms | a man his neighbor |
| we'ish 'et-'ahiw | 'ish + 'ah | Noun + Noun.+3ms | and a man his brother |
| le'mor | 'amar | Verb.Qal.InfCon | saying |
| de'u | yada' | Verb.Qal.Impv.2mp | Know! |
| 'et-YHWH | the LORD | ||
| ki kullam | ki + kol | Conj + Noun.+3mp | because all of them |
| yede'u | yada' | Verb.Qal.Impf.3mp | will know |
| 'oti | 'et + 1s | Prep.+1s | Me |
| lemiqtannam | min + qatan | Prep + Adj.+3mp | from their least |
| we'ad-gedolam | 'ad + gadol | Prep + Adj.+3mp | unto their greatest |
| ki | ki | Conj | for |
| 'eslah | salah | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will forgive |
| la'awonam | 'awon | Noun.ms.Abs.+3mp | their iniquity |
| ulehatta'tam | hatta't | Noun.fs.Abs.+3mp | and their sin |
| lo' 'ezkar | zakar | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will not remember |
| 'od | 'od | Noun.ms.Abs | any more |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - yelammedu (lamad, Piel Imperfect 3mp) = "they will teach" in Piel (intensive) stem -- no more need for intensive instruction - yede'u 'oti = "they will know ME" -- personal, intimate knowledge of God - 'eslah (salah, Qal Imperfect 1s) = "I will forgive" -- divine initiative in forgiveness - lo' 'ezkar 'od = "I will not remember any more" -- complete removal of sin's record - The new covenant includes: (1) internal law, (2) universal knowledge, (3) forgiveness of sins
Ezekiel 36:26¶
Hebrew: wenatati lakem leb hadash weruah hadashah 'etten beqirbekem wahasiroti 'et-leb ha'eben mibbesarkem wenatati lakem leb basar
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| wenatati | natan | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | and I will give |
| lakem | le + 2mp | Prep.+2mp | to you |
| leb | leb | Noun.ms.Abs | heart |
| hadash | hadash | Adj.ms.Abs | new |
| weruah | ruah | Noun.s.Abs | and a spirit |
| hadashah | hadash | Adj.fs.Abs | new |
| 'etten | natan | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will give/put |
| beqirbekem | be + qereb + 2mp | Prep + Noun.+2mp | within you |
| wahasiroti | sur | Verb.Hiphil.Perf.1s | and I will remove |
| 'et-leb | leb | Noun.ms.Cst | the heart of |
| ha'eben | 'eben | Noun.fs.Abs | the stone |
| mibbesarkem | min + basar + 2mp | Prep + Noun.+2mp | from your flesh |
| wenatati | natan | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | and I will give |
| lakem | le + 2mp | Prep.+2mp | to you |
| leb | leb | Noun.ms.Cst | a heart of |
| basar | basar | Noun.ms.Abs | flesh |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - leb hadash = "a new heart" -- the heart itself is renewed/replaced - ruah hadashah = "a new spirit" -- spiritual renewal accompanies heart renewal - leb ha'eben = "heart of stone" -- the unregenerate heart is likened to STONE - leb basar = "heart of flesh" -- the regenerate heart is soft, responsive - The imagery of stone -> flesh echoes the stone tablets -> heart tablets motif - Three actions by God: (1) give new heart, (2) give new spirit, (3) remove stone heart - All verbs have God as subject -- this is entirely divine initiative
Ezekiel 36:27¶
Hebrew: we'et-ruhi 'etten beqirbekem we'asiti 'et 'asher-behuqqay teleku umishpatay tishmeru wa'asitem
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| we'et | waw + 'et | Conj + Prep | and [object marker] |
| ruhi | ruah | Noun.s.Abs.+1s | MY spirit |
| 'etten | natan | Verb.Qal.Impf.1s | I will give/put |
| beqirbekem | be + qereb + 2mp | Prep + Noun.+2mp | within you |
| we'asiti | 'asah | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | and I will cause/make |
| 'et 'asher | 'et + 'asher | Prep + Conj | [so] that |
| be | be | Prep | in |
| huqqay | hoq | Noun.mp.Abs.+1s | MY statutes |
| teleku | halak | Verb.Qal.Impf.2mp | you will walk |
| umishpatay | mishpat | Noun.mp.Abs.+1s | and MY judgments |
| tishmeru | shamar | Verb.Qal.Impf.2mp | you will keep/guard |
| wa'asitem | 'asah | Verb.Qal.Perf.2mp | and you will do [them] |
KEY OBSERVATIONS: - ruhi = "MY spirit" -- possessive 1st singular suffix -- God's own Spirit - we'asiti ('asah, Qal Perfect 1s) = "I will cause/make" -- GOD causes the obedience - huqqay = "MY statutes" (hoq + 1st person suffix) -- God claims the statutes as HIS - mishpatay = "MY judgments" (mishpat + 1st person suffix) -- God claims the judgments as HIS - teleku (halak) = "you will walk" -- the Spirit empowers walking in God's statutes - tishmeru (shamar) = "you will keep/guard" -- the Spirit enables keeping God's judgments - The structure is: God gives Spirit -> God causes obedience -> people walk in statutes + keep judgments + do them - huqqim (statutes) and mishpatim (judgments) are the SAME terms used throughout the Pentateuch for God's laws - The Spirit does NOT replace the statutes/judgments but EMPOWERS obedience to them - Three verbs of obedience: walk (halak), keep (shamar), do ('asah) -- comprehensive obedience