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Question

What do torah, mitsvah, choq, mishpat, edut, piqqud, and chuqqah mean, and do they distinguish moral from ceremonial law?

Topics

LAW

  • General scriptures concerning PSA 19:7-9; 119:1-8; PRO 28:4,5; MAT 22:21; LUK 16:17; 20:22-25; ROM 2:14,15; 7:7,12,14; 13:10; 1TI 1:5,8-10; JAS 1:25; 1JN 3:4; 5:3
  • See LITIGATION
  • See COMMANDMENTS
  • See DUTY TO GOD
  • OF MOSES
  • (Contained in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy)
  • Given at Sinai EXO 19; DEU 1:1; 4:10-13; 33:2; HAB 3:3
  • Received by the disposition of angels DEU 33:2; PSA 68:17; ACT 7:53; GAL 3:19; HEB 2:2
  • Was given because of transgressions until the Messiah arrived GAL 3:19
  • Engraved on stone EXO 20:3-17; with 24:12; 31:18; 32:16; 34:29; 40:20; DEU 4:13; 5:4-22; 9:10
  • Preserved in the ark of the covenant EXO 25:16; DEU 31:9,26
  • Found by Hilkiah in the house of the Lord 2KI 22:8
  • Engraved upon monuments DEU 27:2-8; JOS 8:30-35
  • To be written on door posts DEU 6:9; 11:20
  • On frontlets for the forehead, and parchment for the hand EXO 13:9,16; DEU 6:4-9; 11:18-21
  • Expounded by the priests and Levites LEV 10:11; DEU 33:10; 2CH 35:3
  • Princes, priests, and Levites publicly taught EZR 7:10; NEH 8:1-18
  • From city to city 2CH 17:7-10
  • In synagogues LUK 4:16,32; ACT 13:14-52; 15:21
  • Expounded to the assembled nation at the Feast of Tabernacles in the sabbatic year DEU 31:10-13
  • Renewed by Moses DEU 4:44-46
  • Curses of, responsively read by Levites and people at Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim DEU 27:12-26; JOS 8:33-35
  • Formed a constitution on which the civil government of the Israelites was founded DEU 17:18-20; 2KI 11:12; 2CH 23:11
  • Divine authority for EXO 19:16-24; 20:1-17; 24:12-18; 31:18; 32:15,16; 34:1-4,27,28; LEV 26:46; DEU 4:10-13,36; 5:1-22; 9:10; 10:1-5; 33:2-4; 1KI 8:9; EZR 7:6; NEH 1:7; 8:1; 9:14; PSA 78:5; 103:7; ISA 33:22; MAL 4:4; ACT 7:38,53; GAL 3:19; HEB 9:18-21
  • Prophecies in, of the Messiah LUK 24:44; JHN 1:45; 5:46; 12:34; ACT 26:22,23; 28:23; ROM 3:21,22
  • Epitomized by Jesus MAT 22:40; MRK 12:29-33; LUK 10:27
  • Book of, found by Hilkiah in the temple 2KI 22:8; 2CH 34:14
  • TEMPORARY JER 3:16; DAN 9:27; MAT 5:17-45; LUK 16:16,17; JHN 1:17; 4:20-24; 8:35; ACT 6:14; 10:28; 13:39; 15:1-29; 21:20-25; ROM 3:1,2; 7:1-6; 8:3; 10:4; 2CO 3:7-14; GAL 2:3-9; 4:30,31; EPH 2:15; COL 2:14-23; HEB 8:4-13; 9:8-24; 10:1-18; 11:40; 12:18,19,27

COMMANDMENTS

  • General scriptures concerning EXO 13:8-10; 20:3-17; DEU 4:5,9,10; 5:6-21; 6:4-9; 11:18-21; 32:46,47; JOS 8:30-35; 2CH 17:7-9; NEH 8:2-8; PSA 78:1-7; PRO 3:3,4; 6:20,21; 7:1-4; ISA 57:8; JER 11:4; ZEC 7:9,10; 8:16,17
  • PRECEPTS OF JESUS MAT 5:16,22-24,27-48; 6:1-4,6-8,16-25,31-34; 7:1-29; 10:5-42; 16:24; 18:8-10,15-17,21,22; 19:16-19; 20:25-28; 22:21,34-40; 24:42-51; 25:34-46; MRK 6:7-11; 8:34; 9:35,38,39,42-50; 10:9,11,12,17-22; 11:22; 12:17; 13:33-37; LUK 6:27-42; 10:28-37; 12:12-31; JHN 7:24; 13:34,35; 14:11,15,23,24; 15:2,4,5,7-12,14,17,20-22
  • PRECEPTS OF PAUL ROM 12:1-3,6-21; 13:8-14; 14:19-21; 15:1,2; 1CO 8:1,7-13; 10:7-10,24,28,29,31,32; 14:20; 16:13,14; 2CO 13:7; GAL 5:1,16; 6:1,2; EPH 4:1-3,26-32; 5:1-6,11,15,17-21; 6:10,11,13-18; PHP 1:27,28; 2:2-8,12-16; 4:6,8,9; COL 2:6,16,20-23; 3:1,2,5,8,9,12-17,23; 1TH 3:12; 4:1,3,5,6,9-12; 5:6,8,12-22; 2TH 2:15; 3:6-15; 1TI 1:4; 2:1,2,8-12; 3:2-13; 4:1-7,12-16; 5:1-14,16-21; 6:11-14,17-20; 2TI 1:13,14; 2:19,22-25; 3:2-5; TIT 1:5-14; 2:2-5,9-12; 3:1,2,8; HEB 6:1,11,12; 10:22-25; 13:1-3,5,7,9,15-17
  • OTHER APOSTLES JAS 1:16,19,21,22; 2:1-4,8-12; 3:1; 4:7-11,13-15; 5:7-12,16; 1PE 1:13-17; 2:11-25; 3:8-12,15-17; 4:1-16; 5:1-3,5-9; 2PE 1:5-7,10; 3:14,18; 1JN 2:15,28; 3:10-23; 4:1,7,8,11,12,15,16,21; 5:21; 2JN 1:5,6; 3JN 1:11; Jude 1:3,4,20-23; REV 3:11,18,19; 22:17
  • OF MEN ISA 29:13; MAT 15:3-20; MRK 7:2-23; ROM 14:1-6,10-23; 1TI 4:1-3

DECALOGUE

  • Written by God EXO 24:12; 31:18; 32:16; DEU 5:22; 9:10; HOS 8:12
  • Divine authority of EXO 20:1; 34:27,28; DEU 5:4-22
  • Called WORDS OF THE COVENANT EXO 34:28; DEU 4:13
  • TABLES OF TESTIMONY EXO 31:18; 34:29; 40:20
  • See COMMANDMENTS EXO 20:1-17; DEU 5:7-21; MAT 19:18,19; 22:34-40; LUK 10:25-28; ROM 13:8-10

OBEDIENCE

  • General scriptures concerning GEN 18:19; EXO 19:5; 20:6; 24:7; NUM 9:23; 14:24; DEU 5:10; JOS 14:6-14; 22:2; 24:24; 1KI 3:14; 2KI 18:6; 21:8; NEH 1:5; PSA 1:2; 18:44; 25:10; 99:7; 103:17,18,20,21; 111:10; 112:1; 119:2,4-6,8,10,15,16,22,30,31,33,44,45,55,56,59,60,72,77,87,97,100-102,104-106,109,112,129,167,168; 143:10; PRO 1:33; 19:16; 28:7; ISA 1:19; JER 7:23; EZK 18:19; 33:14-16; DAN 7:27; MAT 5:19; 6:24; 9:9; 12:50; 13:8,23; 25:20-23; MRK 2:14; 3:35; 4:20; LUK 1:6; 6:46-48; 8:15,21; 11:2,28; 12:37,38; JHN 8:28,51; 9:4; 10:27; 14:15,23,31; 15:10,14,16; ACT 4:19; 5:29; ROM 6:17; EPH 2:10; PHP 2:12; HEB 10:7; JAS 2:10-12; 1PE 1:2,14; 1JN 2:3-6,17; 3:22,24; 5:2,3; 2JN 1:6-9; REV 12:17; 22:7,14
  • ENJOINED GEN 17:9; EXO 23:22; LEV 19:19,36,37; 20:8,22; 22:31; 26:3-13; NUM 15:38-40; DEU 4:1-40; 5:1-33; 6:1-25; 8:1-6,11-14,16-20; 10:12,13; 11:1-3,8,9,13-28,32; 13:4; 26:16-18; 27:1-10; 28:1-68; 32:46; JOS 22:5; 23:6,7; 24:14,15; 1SA 12:24; 15:22; 2KI 17:37,38; 1CH 16:15; 28:9,10,20; EZR 7:10,23; PSA 76:11; ECC 12:13; JER 26:13; 38:20; MAL 4:4; MAT 9:9; 19:17,29; MRK 2:14; JHN 12:26; 13:17; 14:15,21; GAL 3:10,12; 5:3; EPH 4:1,17; 6:6-8; PHP 2:12; 1TI 6:14,18; HEB 13:16; JAS 1:22-25
  • EXEMPLIFIED GEN 6:9; NUM 9:23; 14:24; JOS 14:6-14; 2KI 18:6; 20:3; 2CH 24:16; 31:20,21; EZR 7:10; NEH 7:2; JOB 1:8; PSA 17:3; 26:3-6; 99:7; 101:2,3; 106:30,31; 119:30,31,40,44,47,48,51,54-56,59,60,67,69,100-102,105,106,110,112,166-168; ACT 23:1; 24:16; ROM 6:17; 2CO 1:12; 6:3,4; PHP 3:7-14; 1TH 1:9; 2:10; 2TI 1:3; REV 2:19; 3:4; 14:4,5
  • INSTANCES OF Noah, Abraham, Bethuel/Laban, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, Israelites, Caleb, Joshua, Reubenites, Gideon, David, Elisha, Hezekiah, Josiah, Asa, Jehoshaphat, Jehoiada, Uzziah, Jotham, Levites, Cyrus, Ezra, Hanani, Job, Daniel, Shadrach/Meshach/Abed-nego, Jonah, Ninevites, Zacharias, Simeon, Joseph, Mary, Jesus, John the Baptist, John/James, Matthew, Simon/Andrew, Levi, Nathanael, the rich young man, the disciples, Cornelius, Paul

DUTY (OF MAN TO GOD)

DEU 6:5; 10:12,13; 11:1; 30:15-20; JOS 22:5; 23:11; PSA 31:23; PRO 23:26; MAT 4:10; 12:50; 22:21,36-40; LUK 17:10; 21:3,4; JHN 4:34; 6:38; 14:15,21; 15:14; ACT 4:19,20; 5:29; Jude 1:21

WORD OF GOD

  • Called: BOOK (PSA 40:7; REV 22:19), BOOK OF THE LORD (ISA 34:16), BOOK OF THE LAW (NEH 8:3; GAL 3:10), GOOD WORD OF GOD (HEB 6:5), HOLY SCRIPTURES (ROM 1:2; 2TI 3:15), LAW OF THE LORD (PSA 1:2; ISA 30:9), ORACLES OF GOD (ROM 3:2; 1PE 4:11), SCRIPTURES (1CO 15:3), SCRIPTURES OF TRUTH (DAN 10:21), SWORD OF THE SPIRIT (EPH 6:17), THE WORD (JAS 1:21-23; 1PE 2:2), WORD OF GOD (LUK 11:28; HEB 4:12), WORD OF CHRIST (COL 3:16), WORD OF LIFE (PHP 2:16), WORD OF TRUTH (2TI 2:15; JAS 1:18)

COVENANT (relevant portions)

  • Called WORDS OF THE COVENANT EXO 34:28
  • Of the Ten Commandments EXO 34:28; DEU 5:2,3; 9:9
  • THE SECOND COVENANT JER 31:31-34; HEB 8:4-13; 12:18-24; 13:20
  • AFFECTIONS: "Should be set upon the commandments of God" PSA 19:8-10; 119:20,97,103,167
  • COVENANT: The Mosaic law called a covenant (EXO 34:28); Ten Commandments are "words of the covenant" (EXO 34:28; DEU 4:13)
  • Decalogue called "tables of testimony" (eduth) — EXO 31:18; 34:29; 40:20