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Question

What are the ceremonial/ritual laws and how do they differ from the moral law? Investigate the five categories: sacrifices (Lev 1-7), feasts (Lev 23:4-36), purity regulations (Lev 11-15), sanctuary service (Exo 25-30), and circumcision (Gen 17, Acts 15, Gal 5:2-6). Examine their typological/forward-pointing purpose (Heb 10:1, Col 2:17), their origin through Moses as mediator (not God's direct voice), their medium (book, not stone), their repository (beside the Ark, not inside), and every contrast with the Decalogue established in prior studies.

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SACRIFICES

  • FIGURATIVE: ISA 34:6; EZK 39:17; ZEP 1:7,8; ROM 12:1; PHP 2:17; 4:18
  • Of self-denial: PHP 3:7,8
  • Of praise: PSA 116:17; JER 33:11; HOS 14:2; HEB 13:15
  • "Calves of the lips" signifying praise: HOS 14:2
  • See OFFERINGS

OFFERINGS

  • Location: Offered at the door of the tabernacle (LEV 1:3; 3:2; 17:4,8,9) or of the temple (2CH 7:12; 1KI 8:62; 12:27)
  • Animal requirements: Must be eight days old or more (LEV 22:27); salted (LEV 2:13; EZK 43:24; MRK 9:49)
  • Scapegoat ordinance: LEV 16:7-26

ANIMAL SACRIFICES -- A TYPE OF CHRIST: - PSA 40:6-8 with HEB 10:1-14; ISA 53:11,12 with LEV 16:21; JHN 1:29; 1CO 5:7; 2CO 5:21; EPH 5:2; HEB 9:19-28; 10:1,11,12; 13:11-13; REV 5:6

BURNT OFFERINGS (LEV 1; 9:2): - Purpose: to make atonement for sin (LEV 1:4; 7) - Ordinances: EXO 29:15-18; LEV 1; 5:7-10; 6:9-13; 17:8,9; 23:18,26-37; NUM 15:24,25; 19:9; 28:26-31; 29 - Offered daily, morning and evening: GEN 15:17; EXO 29:38-42; LEV 6:20; NUM 28; 29:6; 1CH 16:40; 2CH 2:4; 13:11; EZR 3:3; EZK 46:13-15

MEAT/GRAIN OFFERINGS (LEV 2): - Ordinances: EXO 29:40,41; 30:9; 40:29; LEV 2; 5:11,12; 6:14-23; 7:9-13,37; 9:17; 23:13,16,17; NUM 4:16; 5:15,18,25,26; 8:8; 15:3-16,24; 18:9; 28:5,9,12,13,20,21,26-31; 29:3,4,14

PEACE OFFERINGS (LEV 3): - Laws: EXO 29:19-22,31; LEV 7:11-15,18; 9:3,4,15-21; 23:19; NUM 6:14; 10:10

SIN OFFERINGS (LEV 4-5): - Ordinances: EXO 29:10-14 with HEB 13:11-13; LEV 4; 5; 6:1-7,26-30; 9:1-21; 12:6-8; 14:19,22,31; 15:30; 23:19; NUM 6:10,11,14,16; 8:8,12; 15:27; 28:15,22-24,30; 29:5,6,11,16-38 - Temporary: DAN 11:31; HEB 9; 10

TRESPASS OFFERINGS (LEV 5-6): - Ordinances: LEV 5; 6:1-7; 7:1-7; 14:10-22; 15:15,29,30; 19:21,22; NUM 6:12; EZR 10:19

INSUFFICIENCY OF OFFERINGS: - HEB 8:7-13; 9:1-15; 10:1-12,18-20

USELESS WITHOUT GENUINE PIETY: - 1SA 15:22; PSA 40:6; 50:8-14; 51:16,17; PRO 21:3,27; ISA 1:11-14; 40:16; 66:3; JER 6:20; 7:21-23; 14:12; HOS 6:6; 8:13; AMO 5:21-24; MIC 6:6-8; MRK 12:33

FEASTS

ANNUAL FESTIVALS (Instituted by Moses): - Designated as SOLEMN FEASTS (NUM 15:3; 2CH 8:13; LAM 2:6; EZK 46:9), SET FEASTS (NUM 29:39; EZR 3:5), APPOINTED FEASTS (ISA 1:14), HOLY CONVOCATIONS (LEV 23:4) - First and last days were SABBATIC: LEV 23:39,40; NUM 28:18-25; 29:12,35; NEH 8:1-18 - Kept with rejoicing: LEV 23:40; DEU 16:11-14; 2CH 30:21-26; EZR 6:22; NEH 8:9-12,17; PSA 42:4; 122:4; ISA 30:29; ZEC 8:19 - The three principal were: PASSOVER, PENTECOST, TABERNACLES - All males required to attend: EXO 23:17; 34:23; DEU 16:16 - Observed by Jesus: MAT 26:17-20; LUK 2:41,42; 22:15; JHN 2:13,23; 5:1; 7:10; 10:22 - Observed by Paul: ACT 18:21; 19:21; 20:6,16; 24:11,17

PASSOVER

  • Institution: EXO 12:3-49; 23:15-18; 34:18; LEV 23:4-8; NUM 9:2-5,13,14; 28:16-25; DEU 16:1-8,16; PSA 81:3,5
  • Design: EXO 12:21-28
  • With unleavened bread: EXO 12:8,15-20; 13:3,6; 23:15; LEV 23:6; NUM 9:11; 28:17; DEU 16:3,4
  • Christ called "our Passover": 1CO 5:7
  • The lamb a type of Christ: 1CO 5:7
  • Jesus crucified at Passover time: MAT 26:2; MRK 14:1,2; JHN 18:28

TABERNACLES, FEAST OF

  • Also called FEAST OF INGATHERING
  • Instituted: EXO 23:16; 34:22; LEV 23:34-43
  • Design: LEV 23:42,43
  • Law read every seventh year: DEU 31:10-12; NEH 8:18
  • Penalty for not observing: ZEC 14:16-19

TABERNACLE

  • Called SANCTUARY (EXO 25:8), TABERNACLE/TENT OF MEETING (EXO 27:21), TABERNACLE OF TESTIMONY (EXO 38:21; NUM 1:50)
  • Pattern revealed to Moses: EXO 25:9; 26:30; 39:32,42,43; ACT 7:44; HEB 8:5
  • Divine dwelling place: EXO 25:8
  • Materials voluntarily offered: EXO 25:1-8; 35:4-29; 36:3-7
  • Holy Place: EXO 26:31-37; 40:22-26; HEB 9:2-6,8
  • Most Holy Place: EXO 26:33-35; 40:20,21; HEB 9:3-5,7,8
  • Furniture: EXO 25:10-40; 27:1-8,19; 37; 38:1-8
  • Symbol of spiritual things: PSA 15:1; HEB 8:2,5; 9:1-12,24
  • "Shadow of heavenly things": HEB 8:5
  • "Patterns of things in the heavens": HEB 9:23
  • "A figure for the time then present": HEB 9:9

SANCTUARY

  • The Holy of Holies; in the tabernacle: HEB 9:2
  • Divine dwelling place: EXO 25:8
  • Reverence for: LEV 19:30; 26:2
  • In charge of high priest: EXO 27:21; LEV 24:3; NUM 18:5
  • Symbolical: HEB 8:2,5

PRIEST

BEFORE MOSES: - Melchizedek: GEN 14:18; HEB 5:6,10,11; 6:20; 7:1-21

MOSAIC INSTITUTION: - EXO 28:1-4; 29:9,44; NUM 3:10; 18:7; 1CH 23:13 - Hereditary descent: EXO 27:21; 28:43; 29:9 - Consecration: EXO 29:1-9,19-35; 40:12-16; LEV 6:20-23; 8:6-35; HEB 7:21

DUTIES: - Offer sacrifices: LEV 1:4-17; 2:2,16; 3:5,11,13,16; 4:5-12,17,25,26,30-35; 1CH 16:40; 2CH 13:11; 29:34; 35:11-14; EZR 6:20; HEB 10:11 - Teach the law: LEV 10:11; DEU 24:8; 27:14; 31:9-13; 33:10; JER 2:8; MAL 2:7 - Officiate in the Holy Place: HEB 9:6

FIGURATIVE: EXO 19:6; ISA 61:6; 1PE 2:9; REV 1:6; 5:10; 20:6

CIRCUMCISION

  • Institution: GEN 17:10-14; LEV 12:3; JHN 7:22; ACT 7:8; ROM 4:11
  • A seal of righteousness: ROM 2:25-29; 4:11
  • Performed on eighth day: GEN 17:12,13; LEV 12:3; PHP 3:5
  • Rite observed on Sabbath: JHN 7:23
  • Prerequisite of Passover: EXO 12:48
  • Covenant promises: GEN 17:4-14; ACT 7:8; ROM 3:1; 4:11; 9:7-13; GAL 5:3
  • Necessity falsely taught by Judaizing Christians: ACT 15:1
  • Paul's argument against continuance: ROM 2:25,28; GAL 6:13
  • Characterized as a yoke: ACT 15:10
  • Abrogated: ACT 15:5-29; ROM 3:30; 4:9-11; 1CO 7:18,19; GAL 2:3,4; 5:2-11; 6:12; EPH 2:11,15; COL 2:11; 3:11
  • FIGURATIVE: EXO 6:12; DEU 10:16; 30:6; JER 4:4; 6:10; 9:26; ROM 2:28,29; PHP 3:3; COL 2:11; 3:11

ORDINANCE

  • A decree: EXO 12:14,24,43; 13:10; 15:25; NUM 9:14; 10:8; 15:15; 18:8; ISA 24:5; MAL 4:4; ROM 13:2; 1PE 2:13
  • INSUFFICIENCY OF, FOR SALVATION: ISA 1:10-17; GAL 5:6; 6:15; EPH 2:15; COL 2:14,20-23; HEB 9:1,8-10

PURIFICATION

  • (Sanitary and symbolical)
  • For women: before marriage (EST 2:12); after childbirth (LEV 12:6-8; LUK 2:22); after menstruation (LEV 15:19-33; 2SA 11:4)
  • Of Jews before Passover: JHN 11:55
  • For those who killed in battle: NUM 31:19-24
  • By blood: EXO 24:5-8; LEV 14:6,7; HEB 9:12-14,19-22
  • Penalty for non-observance: LEV 7:20,21; NUM 19:13,20
  • Scriptures: EXO 19:10,14; 29:4; 30:18-21; 40:12,30-32; LEV 8:6; 14:8,9; 15:4-13,16-27; 16:4,24,26,28; 17:15; 22:3; NUM 8:6,7,21; 19:7,8,19; 2CH 4:6; MAT 15:2; MRK 7:2-9; HEB 9:10

ABLUTION

  • General scriptures: EXO 19:10,14; MAT 15:2; MRK 7:2-5,8,9; LUK 11:38; HEB 9:10
  • Of priests: EXO 29:4; 40:12,31,32; LEV 8:6; 16:4,24,26,28; NUM 19:7-10,19; 2CH 4:6
  • Of burnt offerings: LEV 1:9,13; 9:14; 2CH 4:6
  • Traditional forms not observed by Jesus: LUK 11:38,39
  • FIGURATIVE: PSA 51:2,7; 65:3; ISA 1:16,18; ZEC 13:1; JHN 13:8; ACT 22:16; 1CO 5:7; 6:11; EPH 5:26; TIT 3:5,6; HEB 1:3; 9:14; 10:22; 1JN 1:7,9; REV 1:5; 7:14; 22:14

UNCLEANNESS

  • (Ceremonially speaking): LEV 5:2,3; 7:20,21; 17:15; 21:1-15; 22:2-8

CLEAN AND UNCLEAN ANIMALS

  • Clean and unclean: GEN 8:20; LEV 7:21; 11; 20:25; DEU 14:3-20; ACT 10:11-15; 1TI 4:3-5
  • Clean/unclean marks: parting of the hoof and chewing cud (LEV 11:3-8; DEU 14:3-8)
  • Fins and scales for fish (LEV 11:9-12; DEU 14:9,10)
  • Clean insects: LEV 11:21,22; unclean: LEV 11:20,29-44; DEU 14:19

PURITY

  • OF HEART: PSA 12:6; 19:8; 24:3-5; 51:7; 65:3; 119:140; PRO 15:26; 20:9; 21:8; 30:12; ISA 1:18,25; 6:7; DAN 12:10; MIC 6:11; MAL 3:2,3; MAT 5:8; JHN 15:2; PHP 4:8; 1TI 1:5; 3:9; 5:22; 2TI 1:3; 2:21,22; TIT 1:15; HEB 9:13,14; 10:2; JAS 4:8; 1PE 1:22; 1JN 3:3

ALTAR

OF BURNT OFFERINGS (BRAZEN ALTAR): - Pattern: EXO 27:1-8; constructed by Bezaleel: EXO 38:1-7 - Furniture: EXO 27:3-7; 38:3-7; horns: EXO 27:2 - Sanctified: EXO 29:36,37,44; 30:26-28; 40:10; LEV 8:10,11; NUM 7 - A place of refuge: EXO 21:14; 1KI 1:50; 2:28

OF INCENSE (GOLDEN ALTAR): - Pattern: EXO 30:1-5; constructed: EXO 37:25-28 - Uses: EXO 30:7-10,26,27; 40:27; LEV 4:7,18; 8:15; 9:9; 16:12,18 - In Solomon's temple: 1KI 6:19,20; 7:48; 1CH 28:18 - Seen in John's vision: REV 8:3; 9:13

DEFILEMENT

  • Laws: LEV 7:18-21; 11:43; 22:2-7
  • Caused by: leprosy (LEV 13:3,44-46; 14; 22:4-7); gonorrhea (LEV 15:1-15; 22:4); childbirth (LEV 12:2-8; LUK 2:22); menses (LEV 15:19-33); touching the dead (NUM 19:11-22; 31:19,20); touching unclean carcass (LEV 5:2-13; 11:8,24-28,31-38; 14:46-57; 15:5-11; DEU 23:10,11); killing in battle (NUM 31:19,20)
  • Of priests: LEV 16:26,28; NUM 19:7-10; EZK 44:25,26
  • ATONEMENT -- The entire sacrificial system pointed toward atonement (LEV 16; HEB 9:7,12,22,23)
  • FORM/FORMALISM -- The insufficiency of outward form (ISA 1:10-17; HEB 9:1,8-10)
  • LEPROSY -- Detailed purification laws (LEV 13-14)